Ubuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana. ICT ubuchwepheshe

ICT (Ulwazi Ubuchwepheshe Bokuxhumana) - kukhona izinqubo nezindlela kolwazi nokuxhumana, okuyinto eziqhutshwa yilo Mnyango usebenzisa kumadivayisi Computing, kanye ezokuxhumana imishini.

Iqhaza ICT emphakathini wanamuhla

Manje umuntu angakwazi ukuba bagcine ukukhula njalo yethonya abezindaba ubuchwepheshe nomuntu. Ikakhulukazi negalelo elinamandla banayo ezinganeni: ingane ungathanda ukubukela ibhayisikobho engamashumi amabili edlule kuka ukufunda incwadi. Nokho, namuhla, ngaphansi kwengcindezi enzima, ukukhangisa, ubuchwepheshe bama-computer, amathoyizi electronic, amageyimu nokunye. N. Intsha yesimanje uya bathinteka ngokoqobo. Manje, uma umfundi abakwazi ukugwema kokufunda le ncwadi, akusho ukuya umtapo, bese uwulandela kwithebhulethi yakho. Isikhathi esining impela omunye zingabuka isithombe esilandelayo: epaki, epaki noma yezitolo ihlala iqembu elincane labantu abasha, abazi ukuxhumana nabanye, sonke isikhathi sabo igxile Smartphones, amaphilisi, laptops. Uma lesi simo sizobuye waphawula, izingane maduze ukhohlwe ngokuphelele indlela ukuxhumana. Futhi manje, uMnyango Wezemfundo yamazwe amaningi eplanethini yethu kunokuba ukuthuthukisa isithakazelo abafundi 'ekuxhumaneni bukhoma nokufunda jikelele, sanquma ukuthatha indlela okungenani ukumelana naso futhi kwenze ukunikeza izingane lokho abakufunayo. Ngokusho kodokotela abathile, ubuchopho somntwana zisamukele kakhudlwana ulwazi olusha, uma sinikezwa ngendlela fun, yingakho kalula azibonayo ehlongozwayo idatha ekilasini usebenzisa abezindaba (kulokhu, namuhla lukhula nokusetshenziswa kolwazi kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana kwezemfundo). Kunzima ukuba ngiphikisane naye, kodwa ke ecaleni flip yale nqubo yokufunda Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izingane ayisakwazi ukukhulumisana nathishela, futhi ngenxa yalokho incipha ikhono lokucabanga. Lapho kangcono kabusha inqubo yokufunda, kangangokuba kwaba hhayi kuyisicefe, futhi njalo sigcinwe ukoma kwengane ulwazi olusha. Kodwa le nkinga uyakuphuma unembeza izikhulu.

Umqondo zokuxhumana kanye nokwaziswa nobuchwepheshe

izinqubo informatization emphakathini wanamuhla, kanye kabusha ahlobene eduze imisebenzi zemfundo zinezikhathi ekupheleleni futhi ukusabalala omkhulu ICT yesimanje. Basuke ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa ukudlulisa idatha kanye nokuxhumana phakathi uthisha kanye nomfundi ohlelweni yesimanje yebanga nemfundo evulekile. Namuhla, lo thisha ubophekile ukuba sibe nekhono hhayi kuphela emkhakheni ICT, kodwa futhi unesibopho isicelo professional ulwazi nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana emisebenzini yayo ngokushesha.

Igama elithi "ubuchwepheshe" esefikile kithi evela ngolimi lwesiGreki kanye elihunyushwe kusho "isayensi." Eqondayo wanamuhla izwi kuhilela isicelo engineering nesayensi ulwazi ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezithile ezingokoqobo. Khona-ke ulwazi nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana - it is a ubuchwepheshe yokuthi ihlose ukuguqula nokucutshungulwa kolwazi. Kodwa akugcini lapho. Eqinisweni, ulwazi kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana kuyinto eliyisambulela uchaza izindlela eziningi ukuchumisa, amadivaysi, algorithm, idatha zokuwugaya. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kudivayisi ICT yesimanje iyikhompyutha ifakwe isofthiwe ezidingekayo. Okwesibili ilandelana, kodwa akukho imishini ezingabalulekile kangako ezibhekwa wokuxhumana ngolwazi zinikeza.

amathuluzi ICT asetshenziswe yesimanje uhlelo lwemfundo

Izindlela eziyinhloko ICT ubuchwepheshe ukuze uthole ulwazi lwemfundvo imvelo - iyikhompyutha siqu ifakwe ezidingekayo software (uhlelo futhi isetshenziswa, futhi amathuluzi). Lefundo ngokuyinhloko zihlanganisa isofthiwe tekusebenta. Inikeza ukuxhumana kuzo zonke izinhlelo PC nge imishini futhi umsebenzisi PC. Lesi sigaba futhi lubandakanya amasofutiwe inkonzo futhi inkonzo. Ukuze isicelo ihlanganisa ilungiselelo, okuyinto iyithuluzi kolwazi nobuchwepheshe - .. Ukusebenza ngombhalo, izithombe, amatafula, njll Uhlelo yesimanje yemfundo is kabanzi jikelele isofthiwe ehhovisi obuciko namathuluzi e-ICT, ezifana-word processing, isethulo, isipredishithi, imifanekiso izikhwama, abagqugquzeli, egciniwe, nokunye. n.

Ukuthuthukiswa kolwazi kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana

Nenhlangano amanethiwekhi computer futhi izindlela ezifanayo inqubo imfundo wathuthela izinga entsha. Lena ngokuyinhloko ngenxa ithuba athole ulwazi noma yikuphi emhlabeni. Ngenxa World Wide Web isiyatholakala nge ukufinyelela okusheshayo imithombo Imininingwane planethi (imitapo digital, ekhosombeni amafayela, izizinda zemininingwane nokunye. D.). Le imithombo ethandwa ishicilele ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili kwemibhalo ezihlukahlukene multimedia. Inethiwekhi inikeza ukufinyelela futhi ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ezinye ezivamile ICT ubuchwepheshe kukhona phakathi kwabo Amaqembu ezindaba, imeyili, ingxoxo, izinhlu, uhlu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wazakhela isofthiwe ekhethekile ukuze okuxhumana ku-intanethi (ngesikhathi sangempela), ngemva kokuvumela sokusungula session ukuze uthumele umbhalo (langena kusukela ikhibhodi), kanye umsindo, izithombe kanye amafayela ahlukahlukene. Le software kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ahlele ukuxhumana ahlangene abasebenzisi akude egijima kwi-software wendawo PC.

Ukuvela entsha idatha algorithm etholakalayo ukudluliswa nge-Internet, khudlwana izinga umsindo. Manje sekuwumkhuba eduze ikhwalithi PSTN. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba khona eqa kakhulu ekuthuthukeni indlela kuqhathaniswa entsha ye-ICT - telephony Inthanethi. Ngosizo isofthiwe ekhethekile kanye namadivayisi neuropathy ngenethiwekhi, ungakwazi ukuhlela alalelwayo video umhlangano.

Ubuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana kanye amathuba ayo

Ukuze search kahle ezokuxhumana amanethiwekhi ukusetshenziswa izinhlelo yokusesha ezenzakalelayo ogama njongo iwukuba ukuqoqa idatha ku izinsiza ezahlukene World Wide Web futhi ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo umsebenzisi ukufinyelela okusheshayo kubo. Siyabonga ezinjinini, ungathola amadokhumenti, amafayela emidya, ulwazi ikheli ngabantu nezinhlangano, isofthiwe. Ukusetshenziswa ICT ivumela ukufinyelela evulekile ulwazi ezemfundo, methodical ezesayensi, ngaphezu kwalokhu, kuba nokwenzeka nokusebenza amasevisi inhlangano zokweluleka, kanye ukumodeliswa imisebenzi yesayensi nocwaningo. Futhi-ke, beqhuba amakilasi virtual (izinkulumo, izingqungquthela) ngesikhathi sangempela.

ebukwayo

Namuhla, kokwaziswa nokuqeqeshwa nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana zihlanganisa namakilasi amaningana indaba, abalulekile ngokuya ibanga nemfundo evulekile. Omunye wabo kukhona TV nevidiyo. Amavidiyo kanye namathuluzi e-ICT efanele sikwazi abafundi ngaphezulu ngijwayele okuqukethwe izinkulumo Oprofesa engcono. Imiqophi ingasetshenziswa emakilasini wahlomisa ngokukhethekile futhi ekhaya. Abathandwayo Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abantu baseYurophu abathuthela kule American izifundo zokuqeqesha impahla main uvezwa kuvidiyo futhi umagazini ukuphrinta.

ithelevishini ICT

Ithelevishini iyithuluzi ICT ezivamile ekilasini, idlala indima ebalulekile nje kuphela inqubo yesimanje ezemfundo, kodwa futhi ekuphileni kwabantu, ngoba cishe kuyo yonke imizi has a ithelevishini. Sekuyisikhathi eside izinhlelo ze-TV Sikhungo ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke futhi isibonelo elikhanyayo kakhulu endleleni akude yokufunda. Ngalesi kusho kwema-ICT ithuba ukuze isakaze izinkulumo umphakathi jikelele ukuze andise ukuthuthukiswa yayo jikelele ngaphandle kokulawula obengeziwe nokwenziwa kolwazi.

izinhlelo ngogesi zemfundo

ubuchwepheshe enamandla kakhulu elikuvumela ukuba uthumele futhi sigcine wawuqeda wonke lo mqulu ulwazi ucwaningo izinhlelo ngogesi zemfundo. Basuke kwasakazwa amanethiwekhi computer bese sigcinwa abezindaba optical. umsebenzi ngamunye ne ukwaziswa okunjalo kunikeza ngokujulile ukuqonda nedatha nokwenziwa. Lokhu ubuchwepheshe benza ukuthi (nge wokubuyekeza ezifanele) zisebenzisa izifundo ekhona e ukuqeqeshwa ngabanye kanye self-test lwati lolutfolakele. Electronic ukushicilelwa zemfundo ngokungafani ezivamile impahla ukuphrinta uvumela ukwethula ulwazi oluthile ashukumisayo ingcaca.

Ukwahlukanisa ICT izinsiza ku izindawo ngenhloso methodological

Namathuluzi e-ICT yilezi:

1. Ukuqeqeshwa. Bona ukuxhumana ulwazi, yakha futhi ezisebenzisekayo noma imisebenzi ukuqeqeshwa, ukuhlinzeka ezingeni edingekayo kahle into.

2. Abaqeqeshi. Njengoba iklanyelwe i-abaqhuba amakhono ehlukene, bahlanganise noma ukuphindaphinda kwesifundo.

3. Usizo nolwazi ukubuyisa. Bika ulwazi systematization kolwazi.

4. Imashi. Zibone ngeso lengqondo izenzakalo, izinqubo, izinto ngenjongo cwaningo nocwaningo.

5. Awokuzenzisa. Zimelela isici esithile ngokoqobo, sisivumele ukuhlola izici tekusebentisa kwesakhiwo.

6. Laboratory. Vumela ukuba afeze ucwaningo kwi imishini yokusebenza.

7. Modeling. Kwenze kungenzeka ukuba imodeli into, into ngenjongo cwaningo nocwaningo.

8. Inkokhelo. Ukushintsha izibalo kanye ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi isimiso.

9. Training game. Yakhelwe ukudala isimo yokufunda lapho umsebenzi abafundi yaqaphela ngesimo imidlalo.

izinkinga Didactic ukuthi isixazululekile ngosizo ICT

1. Ngcono kwenhlangano kanye individualization okwandisa yokufunda.

2. umkhiqizo Ukwandiswa sokulungiselela ezimele abafundi.

3. ngokwezifiso umsebenzi uthisha.

4. Kunonophisa le ukufanisana, kanye ukufinyelela okuye kwafinyelelwa kula umkhuba nokufundisa.

5. Ukwandisa ugqozi ukufunda.

6. Ukwenza kusebenze inqubo yokufunda, ikhono ukuheha umfundi ukuba umsebenzi ucwaningo.

7. Ukuvumelana nezimo ukuqeqeshwa.

I nomthelela omubi ICT ngezinsiza zokufunda

Ubuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana ukusebenza ngo zonke izinhlobo zemfundo, kuholela eziningi ngemiphumela uhlamvu negative, phakathi lapho kufanele kuphawulwe ezicini eziningana zengqondo nokulala zemfundo negative nomthelela impilo kanye nesimo bokuphila umfundi. Njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, ITC kuholela individualization of inqubo yemfundo. Nokho, ilapho ethile sina elihlobene ne individualization Imininingwane. Lolu hlelo lufaka ekunqandeni untula kakade inqubo yokufunda lokuphila zokuxhumana dialogic iqhaza: abafundi kanye nothisha, abafundi ndawonye. It unikeza kubo, eqinisweni, esikhundleni inkhulumomphendvulwano - inkhulumomphendvulwano computer. Futhi eqinisweni, ngisho asebenzayo ngokuya yokukhuluma umfundi zikhawu eside lapho esebenza namathuluzi e-ICT. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi abafundi imfundo ibanga kanye namafomu evulekile.

Kuyini kuyingozi kangaka?

Ngenxa yalokho leli fomu yokufunda kuwo wonke umfundi ekilasini matasa ukuthi buthule kudle into. Lokhu kuholela yokuthi ingxenye yobuchopho obangela objectification yokucabanga yabantu, sivale Empeleni, akasakwazi phakathi kweminyaka eminingi cwaningo. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi umfundi ngakho akudingeki ukwakha umkhuba yokwenza imicabango nokuxhumana dialogic ngolimi okhokhelwayo. Njengoba kuboniswa ucwaningo ezingokwengqondo, ezakhiwa ngaphandle zokuxhumana ngeke ekhiqizwa ezingeni elifanele futhi ukuxhumana umfundi Monologue wazikhulekela ngokuthi: 'kahle ukuthi abizwa ngokuthi ukucabanga ezimele. Uyavuma ukuthi umbuzo okufanele uzibuze wona uwukuthi inkomba onokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke mayelana khona ukucabanga ezimele. Ngenxa yalokho, uma uya endleleni individualization yokufunda, kungenzeka balahlekelwe kungenzeka ukwakheka inqubo zokudala umuntu, umsuka elakhiwa phezu inkhulumomphendvulwano.

Ekuphetheni

Kufinyeta, singabona eyodwa ulwazi abalulekile ethile kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana, okuyinto ugobhozela izinzuzo main - zokufinyelela ashicilelwe endaweni inethiwekhi kolwazi imithombo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuholela yokuthi umfundi kokulandela indlela okungenani ukumelana naso futhi kwenze iboleka ku-intanethi Tindzaba usulungile, ukuxazulula izinkinga, amaphrojekthi, imibiko njalo njalo. D. Namuhla, lokhu isivele iqiniso ajwayelekile kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle eliphansi le ndlela yokufunda. Yiqiniso, makhulu amathemba ukuthuthukiswa kolwazi kanye nezokuxhumana ubuchwepheshe ziphezulu, kodwa eyisebenzisa kudingeka ucabangele ngaphandle totalization eshintshashintshayo.