U-Amedeo Modigliani: ingqondo engaziwa

Umculi u-Amedeo Modigliani - ukhokho wezithombe ezibonakalayo ezingokwemvelo, umdwebi onetalenta, umdwebi kanye no-freethinker wayengumuntu ophawulekayo wesikhathi sakhe. Noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, uMdali wayedumile hhayi ngemisebenzi yakhe, kodwa ngendlela ephilile yokuphila.

Ukuqala

U-Amedeo Modigliani wazalelwa e-Italy emndenini wamaJuda amancane. Abazali bakhe babe nezimpande ezinhle futhi banikeza indodana yabo imfundo ehloniphekile. U-Amedeo wakhulela emkhathini ogcwele imisebenzi ye-Renaissance kusukela ebuntwaneni. Ngenxa yokuthi unina, umdabu waseFrance, wayazi kahle izinkondlo nefilosofi, umlando nokudweba, futhi wazi kahle ulimi lwesiFulentshi, okwakuzomsiza ukuba aphile futhi adale eParis.

Ngaphambi kweningi lakhe, u-Amedeo Modigliani wayephindwe kabili ekufeni. Ekuqaleni wagula nge pleurisy, bese nge-typhoid. Ehlushwa ukugula, ejabule, yabona imisebenzi yama-Italy wokudweba. Yilokho okwenziwe indlela yakhe yokuphila. Futhi kakade ngo-1898 uqala ukuthatha izifundo esikoleni sobuciko esizimele uGuglielmo Mikeli. Kodwa waphoqeleka ukuba aphazamise izifundo zakhe ngenxa yokugula ayekuqoqe futhi. Ngalesi sikhathi, u-Amedeo wathola isifo sofuba. Ngemuva kwekhefu eliphoqelekile, umculi ozayo uzoqala izifundo zakhe, kodwa manje ku-Free School of Nude Painting, nangemva kwalokho e-Venetian Fine Arts Institute.

I-Paris: isigaba esisha sokudala

Umama wayehlale ehlonipha ithalenta yendodana yakhe encane futhi kuyo yonke indlela engabangela ukuba abe khona. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1906, ngenxa yomama, owakhulisa indodana yakhe, u-Amedeo waya ukuphefumulelwa futhi udumo eParis. Lapha uzibhalela emkhathini waseMontmartre futhi ujwayele abadali abaningi ngaleso sikhathi - uPicasso, Utrillo, Jacob, Mejdner.

Enhloko-dolobha yobuciko bezwe, u-Amedeo Modigliani uhlale ebhekana nobunzima bezezimali. Isimo sakhe esidabukisayo sithuthukisiwe kangcono ngo-1907, lapho ehlangana noPauland Alexander, obuthandana bakhe obuthwala impilo yakhe yonke. U-Alexander uhlonipha lo mculi - uthenga umsebenzi wakhe, uhlela ama-portraits, kanye nombukiso wokuqala we-Modigliani. Nokho, udumo nokuqashelwa okwamanje akukafiki.

U-Amedeo Modigliani wazinikela ngokuphelele ekubunjweni okwesikhashana. Isebenza ngamabhuloki amatshe nemabula. Umthelela omkhulu emsebenzini ka-Modigliani ngaleso sikhathi wanikezwa nguGroucusi, Epstein, uLipschitz. Ngo-1912, ezinye zezenzo zakhe zathengwa. Kodwa impilo embi futhi isifo sofuba senza ukuba abuyele emdwebeni.

Umculi uyaqhubeka nokudala futhi phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, engazange ithathwe ngenxa yezizathu zezempilo. Ngo-1917, umbukiso we-Modigliani wavulwa, lapho wabeka khona umsebenzi wakhe ngohlobo lwezintambo. Kodwa-ke, iziphathimandla zendawo zaqaphela ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe ungcolile futhi ngamahora ambalwa ngemva kokuvulwa kwalokhu kuvezwa.

Mayelana nesikhathi esizayo sokuphila komculi akukwazi kakhulu kakhulu. U-Amedeo Modigliani washona ekuqaleni kuka-1920 kusukela ekunqobeni impilo yakhe yokudla komzimba.

Love Stories

Lo mculi wayehlukaniswa nokuzikhandla kwemvelo nokuthanda. Wathandeka ubuhle besifazane, wamthanda futhi wahlabelela ngaye. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngo-1910 wayenomlando ka-Anna Akhmatova, owawuthatha unyaka nonyaka. Ngo-1914, kwakukhona enye inoveli eyinhloko empilweni yakhe. UBeatrice Hastings obomvu futhi obomvu wayengeyena kuphela umthandi nomnumzane u-Amedeo, kodwa futhi nomgqugquzeli. Ngenxa yezihloko zakhe ezihlambalazayo ngo-Modigliani, wathola udumo oluthile. Yiqiniso, hhayi njengomculi ohlakaniphile, kodwa njengomthandi we-bohemian utshwala nezidakamizwa.

Ngemuva kokuthandana noBeatrice, umsakazo omncane, uJeanne Ebutern oneminyaka engu-19, uphuthuka empilweni yomculi. Ubuhle bayo, wahlabelela ngama-portraits angu-25. UJeanne wamzalela umntwana, futhi lapho umculi ezwa ngokukhulelwa kwesibili kwe-muse, wagijima ukumenza umnikelo. Kodwa lo mbhangqwana awuzange ukwazi ukushada esontweni ngenxa yokufa komculi. Ehluleka ukulwa nokuhlukana, ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokufa komthandi wakhe, uJeanne unquma ukuzibulala.

Izimpawu zobuciko

U-Amedeo Modigliani, owenza imisebenzi yakhe engadlulisi ingxenye eyikhulu yobuciko bomculi, wayenekhono ekudaleni izithombe. Wabuyisela izithombe ezithandwayo ngemigqa ebushelelezi nemivimbo. Imisebenzi yakhe ihlanganisa izinto ezibonakala zingenangqondo - ukuveza nokuvumelana, ukulingana nokujwayelekile, ipulasitiki kanye nokuguquguquka. Izithombe zakhe azifani nesiboniso esibukweni noma isithombe. Kunalokho, badlulisela ukuzwa kwangaphakathi kuka-Modigliani futhi bahlukaniswa ngokubunjwa okuxubile kanye nezindawo zombala ezijwayelekile. Akadlali ngesikhala. Emidwebo ibonakala icindezelekile, enemibandela.

Amaqiniso anentshisekelo

U-Modigliani ungumzukulu wefilosofi omkhulu uSpinoza.

"Modigliani. UmJuda "- la mazwi umculi ubonakala engaziwa. Wayehlala ehlazeka ngenxa yobuzwe bakhe, kodwa wakhetha indlela engeyona yokuphika, kodwa yokuvuma.

U-Amedeo ube nendlalifa, kodwa wenqaba indodana yakhe ngaphambi kokuba azalwe.

Ukuqala kokuqala kokudinga imidwebo yomculi kanye nesithakazelo esiqotho somphakathi emsebenzini wakhe kwavela ngemuva kokushona kuka-Modigliani, noma kunalokho, ngesikhathi somngcwabo wakhe.

E-Paris, lo mculi wayedumela labangenakuphikisana nabasemuva, futhi akazange avunyelwe kuzo zonke izikhungo.

U-Amedeo ube nenkumbulo emangalisayo. Wayengabuka izinkondlo zezimbongi ze-Renaissance kanye nabadali besikhathi samanje amahora ekugcineni.

Eqinisweni, abantu abaphila ngesikhathi babengazi lutho ngokuphila kuka-Amedeo Modigliani. I-biography yaphinde yavuselelwa ngemva kokufa kwakhe kwizincwadi zezincwadi zomama, izincwadi nezintombi zabangane.