I real futhi ngengqondo amagugu esithombeni Bunin. The main izihloko Bunin

I real futhi ngengqondo amagugu esithombeni Bunin ivulekele abafundi emsebenzini omkhulu kakhulu Russian umbhali, imbongi, umbhali kanye memoirist. Wazalwa ngo-1870 e Voronezh.

Lapho ukuphimisela igama kulo muzi, kwakusho isifunda zaseRussia, okuthiwa Black Earth. Lona izwe elizimele. Futhi leli zwe kunikezwa umhlaba yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye lwamashumi amabili eziningana ababhali abaqavile. Lokhu futhi Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev futhi Lev Nikolaevich UTolstoy, futhi Afanasiy Afanasevich Fet futhi UNikolai Leskov.

Basuke bonke ngandlela-thile abathintekayo kulesi sifunda, ngokungagcini nje ngokubashumayeza, lokuzalwa, kodwa ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa izindawo ezakha yesehlakalo ezincwadini zabo. Futhi eziningi izingqikithi izindaba Bunina Ivana Alekseevicha ezihlobene incazelo bezwe.

A amaziyo obuphelele ngendlela Russian zokuphila abalimi

Olubanzi futhi ezihlukahlukene kwaba ithonya lomuntu lokhokho ku lokusungula Bunin. Lokubaluleke kakhulu babe endaweni lapho achitha eseyingane kuya enkathini yokuthomba. Lawa kwakungamadodana iminyaka yolwazi nasesifundvweni sekuvisisa yokuphila ubuhle Russian bemvelo Russian. Futhi ekuthuthukiseni ulimi kazwelonke, kuyinto isici sakhe. Kuyinto kusukela kule sokuqala kuvisisa zokuphila ongumlimi.

Ivan isebenza nabo, uya emibuthanweni yabo nemikhosi. Ubhala futhi eqoqa izindaba nezingoma. Lapha, e Ozerki, iqala isiko kuvisisa ulimi abacebe ophilayo kazwelonke, okuyinto, by ncazelo yeqiniso, Bunin, kuba indlela ephakathi nendawo futhi kwakhiwa. Konke lokhu kwakheka isisekelo lokusungula futhi ubuciko baba umthombo futhi ugqozi.

Image yomuntu yesimanje, noma izici umbhali

Ivan base bebheka abantu eminyakeni yesimanje kakhulu. Lokhu emide emincane, kuyindida, indoda eduze ukunqampunwa. Khona kanye ukubukeka kwawo sifana Nikolaya Gumileva, Rachmaninoff, Bulgakov nezinye izibalo eziningi isiko Russian we ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, nenhlalakahle yesimanje kanye nokubukeka, ukubukeka imikhuba, Wayeyindoda enomusa archaists izincwadi.

Bunin akuzange kubonakale uqaphela ukuthi zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili ukuza. Abalobi Ngasekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, abaculi ukubhala umsebenzi wabo noma isithombe azifani nhlobo. Izwe umsebenzi wabo noma kuqedwe ama lifelikeness bese ephenduka ibe square omnyama, njengoba Umdwebo omkhulu Kazimira Malevicha. Ivan traditionalist. Amanani yangempela futhi iplanethi isithombe Bunin abe umlingisi ehluke ngokuphelele.

Uyabhala sengathi zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili izincwadi futhi ingekho. Emibhalweni yakhe kuba konke ecacile plastic futhi kuyamangaza emnandi. Futhi lokhu ingenye esiyingqayizivele kunazo, izici ebalulekile Poetics ka Bunin.

Umlobi, kwakungezesizwana uhlanga lasendulo

Uthando endala uvela Ivan Yiqiniso, hhayi a cleaner. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umndeni wakhe yayisindala kakhulu, kodwa abampofu. Ukuze lesi sigaba kwakungekaNkulunkulu izibalo eziningi isiko Russian. Ngokwesibonelo, Zhukovsky omkhulu, umbhali wencwadi ballads abadumile nabafowabo izinkondlo Kireevskys nezinye osaziwayo abaningi.

Bunin kwakungekaNkulunkulu izikhulu Russian. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, naye libhekisela eRussia namuhla, lapho indima yezikhulu Russian bafakwa imibuzo. Lokhu webumbacambili lendabuko, isimo wafikelwa iminyaka eminingi.

Umfowabo omdala Ivan, bethonywe umsebenzi wakhe

Indima ebalulekile empilweni Ivan Bunin kudlalwa umfowabo omdala uJulius, ngubani kwahlanganiswa izenzakalo wokuxokozela enkathini yesimanje, ngoba bekwenziwa populism. Kuyinto ukunyakaza wamavukelambuso. Zakhona zazihluke Amathrendi, ongakhetha nezisombululo ukhiye izinkinga yeRussia.

Kuyinto kule wekulumopikiswano Ivan kancane ke insizwa ukufunda ukuthi emhlabeni enhle emfuleni izikhukhula kanye izingadi ezinhle ngezithelo, futhi kukhona ezweni lapho uhlala nabantu abanomuzwa wokuthi bangajabuli. Amazwe embundwini ushintsho olukhulu nolwesabekayo.

umsebenzi Sakudala Ivan abasha

Ivan waqala ukuloba ekuseni. inkondlo yakhe yokuqala wabhala kudala njengoba engu eyisishiyagalombili. Izihloko eyinhloko Bunin ekhona lyric ekuseni, zahlukahlukene ngempela. Landscape Motifs nefilosofi, mayelana fragility futhi sengozini yokuphila komuntu. KoMdali uqobo, ekhumbula bakhe bokuqala umsebenzi kanye izinkondlo, wambiza edabukisayo.

Kuyinto emjikelezweni isikhathi, udonsa futhi linikeza isimo for izinkondlo zakhe okwalandela, nokuthanda izwe. Futhi lokhu kungenye indaba ephathwayo yemisebenzi yakhe. Nokho izinkondlo ekuseni iphawuleka imidwebo yayo namaqiniso futhi, yebo, Palette ocebile imibala kanye nemisindo.

Ukuhlukahlukana yamakhono yomlobi futhi imbongi

Ivan Bunin - omunye wabalobi abambalwa isiRashiya, ne impumelelo alinganayo, wabhala izinkondlo kanye temibhalo yephrozi. Waqala njengoba imbongi Eighties, futhi ngo-1901, wanyathelisa incwadi yakhe yokuqala, okuyinto kangaka okuthiwa "Izinkondlo".

Ivan Alekseevich Bunin, isihloko nemvelo imisebenzi silondoloza izithombe izinkondlo zasendulo Pushkin futhi Lermontov, imbongi yendabuko, futhi umsebenzi wakhe, ungabona lonke iqoqo imidwebo ajwayelekile bemvelo Russian. Wayenomuzwa wokuthi yena indlalifa eyamlandela esikhundleni zabuna omkhulu Russian. Bunin uyena kuphela umlobi we kufika ithuba lika-nesishiyagalolunye eminyaka lwamashumi amabili, okuyinto uye wakwazi makuqoqwe Ngolimi olusankondlo futhi prosaic.

ukuphila wesifundazwe, nezinkinga zomshado ochithekile futhi uhlelo lokuqala

Ivan kwaba yesifundazwe hhayi kuphela ngokuzalwa,. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi yokuphila kwakhe wayehlala eningizimu yeRussia nomfowabo uJulius. Lapho, waba intatheli. Kuyinto kulo msebenzi iqala umsebenzi wayo ozimele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Bunin ashade uBarbara Pascenco, futhi lo mshado ngeshwa nezinezinhlekelele, inzondo, futhi isihloko sothando Bunin temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba kubonakala e inoveli yakhe emangalisayo "The Life of Arseniev".

Eningizimu, Ivan ifuna yena, uqala ukubhala temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, tindzaba letimfisha, futhi kwaba ngalesi sikhathi, kuba isenzakalo esibalulekile kakhulu ekuphileni kwakhe. Wahlangana nge Alekseem Peshkovym, owayesevele umbhali owaziwa kakhulu nomhleli izincwadi. Futhi edume kakhulu brainchild yakhe kwakugcwele amaqoqo "Ulwazi".

Injongo yalezi zincwajana mncane zavezwa ikakhulukazi abantu - umfundi elula, njengoba izindleko awubizi kakhulu. Its wokuqala temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba Ivan inyatheliswe ngazo amapheshana.

I real futhi ngengqondo amagugu esithombeni Bunin

Bunin asikhumbule umfundi ukuthi akuloba emzaneni kanye nezimpilo zabantu abavamile. Kwaba nale timu ezincwadini Russian kwafika leli umbhali omkhulu. Omunye imisebenzi edume kunazo Ivan - kuyinto indaba "The Village". Iphume ngo-1910.

Lena into umbhali-esiteji. Kuyo, ecabanga iyiphi kabanzi mayelana isiphetho kwamadoda asebukhosini, ekilasini, useduze naye emphakathini, manje bezindinganiso esithombeni Bunin basesimweni isiphetho abantu isiRashiya, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke abalimi Russian - kwezakhi mass kakhulu umphakathi ngaleso sikhathi.

Kulendaba, Ivan ibizwa kufanele kakhulu ubonisa ukungakwazi kanye nokungakwazi kwalolu abantu Russian uphilela inamuhla. Jabulani kancane izikhathi segolide enikeza kuye ukuphila. Abantu njalo bahlala ngoba kusasa. Zonke bathemba ukuba azinike injabulo esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa ukuphila idlule, futhi akekho oyazi izothini kusasa. Lezi amagugu zangempela futhi ngengqondo ku Bunin isithombe, kanye iphuzu eliyinhloko yalo msebenzi.

Ukuphela yezikhulu Russian

Ukuphela kwekhulu lamashumi amabili - indaba wokugoqa izidleke eziningi gentry. Le nqubo enemikhuba kuyadida yokwephula indlela komkhuba ukuphila kwalesi sigodi. Lokhu kuwa Russian izikhulu izidleke Bunin kwamasiko wabhala imisebenzi eminingi, kodwa esimnandi kakhulu abafundi indaba "apula Antonovsky", eyakhishwa ngo-1900. Ngaso nje ithuba amabili eminyaka.

Ukuvela kwalo mkhiqizo kuye kwaholela a baxgeki ukucacisa indawo Ivan ezincwadini wesimanje Russian. I "Antonov Apples" saqala ukuvela elula, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu umqondo kombhali wokuthi ukuphila ngendlela umnumzana njengengelosi ongumlimi ukuphila okuvamile. Ivan kuyinto kungabonakali kakhulu ikhombisa ekubhujisweni nokufa isimo zokuziphatha.

ibuthaka futhi umuzwa elimangalisayo indaba

Le ndaba uhlobo imidwebo lyrical. Azikho abalingisi, nje ngeso lengqondo lo izinkumbulo ngendoda, kokubona namathafa imidwebo yesimanje, xhuma ngokwengqondo nabo lokho kugcinwa kumemori yayo. I "Antonov Apples" wathinta phezu kokufa nokuphila.

Bunin uye wasibonisa umjikelezo ongenakugwenywa izenzakalo nemvelo, ngokuqhubeka izizukulwane, buqinile futhi ukunambitheka ezweni lakhe aluncela, futhi lokho, ngokusobala, lutho kungaphazamisa. Futhi yemlandzi kulo msebenzi encane kodwa emangalisayo uyaqaphela ukuthi empilweni yakho yakudala empeleni kuphela wahlala ukunambitheka Antonov Apples.

Isici esivelele kakhulu ubunjalo owayiloba othandweni yezokuvakasha njalo. Futhi ezulazulayo Ivan emazweni ahlukahlukene eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga hhayi kuphela amyisa bajwayelane nezinye amasiko, udonse nezinye izithombe netingcikitsi, kodwa futhi wabeletha ngezinhlobo zakhe ethile yomsebenzi. Bunin - umhumushi, futhi eziningi imisebenzi wahumushela, kukhona zakudala.

Ivan luhamba ku 1910s, futhi kuvela ukuthi elihlanganisa zakhe e eningizimu yeRussia in the 80s sekwephuzile futhi 90s nezesikhathi esizayo ophoqelelwe ekudingisweni kwakhe, iminyaka besekudingisweni, lapho eshiya Russia phakade.