-Turks Meskhetian: imvelaphi, izici, izinkinga zabantu

Umlando ukuvela kanye ukubunjwa kwabantu ezifana abaseTurkey Meskhetian uzungezwe nge amaqiniso angokomlando ezithakazelisayo. Isikhundla lesi sizwe kumephu yendawo setepolitiki zomhlaba uhlala ludale amashumi eminyaka. Umsuka wegama abaseTurkey, ikakhulukazi ukuhlonza zabo ezweni lanamuhla ayisihloko ucwaningo yososayensi abaningi - zezenhlalo, izazi zemvelaphi nenhlalo yabantu, izazi-mlando nezingqapheli abameli.

Kuze kube sesikhathini samanje ekutadisheni lo mbuzo, abacwaningi abakazi zifana. Okubalulekile Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Meskhetians ngokwabo ambiguously abonisa uhlanga lwabo.

Elinye iqembu bazibheke Georgians yomdabu uzoguqulelwa Islam ekhulwini 17-18. futhi kahle ulimi Turkish; elinye - inzalo ka-Turks abaye bavele eGeorgia ngesikhathi uMbuso WaseTurkey. Kunoma yikuphi, abamele abantu ngokuqondene nezenzakalo ezingokomlando eziye zabhekana eziningi Ukuthuthwa futhi lokho kwaholela ekuphileni ayimizulane. Lokhu kungenxa eziningana amagagasi nokuxoshwa ukuthi ngasinda Meskhetians (kusuka Ahiska elise-South Georgia e Meskhet-Djavakhety). Ngaphezu kwalokho, bona-Turks Meskhetian ngokuthi Akhaltsikhe (Ahıska Türkler).

I emikhulu uxoshwe lokuqala wabophula emizini yabo sihlehlela emuva 1944 Kungaleso sikhathi ngalolo oda kukaJoseph Stalin kufanele xosha "engathandeki" e ebusweni Meskhetian abaseTurkey, YaseCrimea AmaTatar, Chechens, amaGreki, amaJalimane. Phakathi nale nkathi, abangaphezu kuka-90,000 Meskhetian waya Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan futhi le Kyrgyz Republic.

Ngakho, asikwazanga ukuthola ukusuka kulesi sibhicongo, abaseTurkey Meskhetian isizukulwane esisha baye bahlupheka ukuhlukunyezwa ngenxa imisebenzi yezempi kuleli Fergana eSigodini Uzbekistan. Ukuba izisulu lwalesi sibhicongo, emva oda Uhulumeni wase-USSR bona zabantu zathuthelwa kwezinye izindawo ukuze emaphakathi neRussia. Omunye wemigomo esemqoka ukuthi zabekwa Fergana "lokudlela" ingcindezi le ezibiyele ku Georgia nabo bonke abantu, wathi isifiso sokuba ezimele futhi khulula ngo-Ephreli 1989.

Nge izingxabano okwandisa kanye nokuntengantenga ka isimo hhayi kuphela e Fergana, kodwa nakwezinye izingxenye zezwe, welulele abaseTurkey eRussia, e-Azerbaijan, Ukraine naseKazakhstan. Kuphela angaba yizinkulungwane 70. Abantu abasale dengwane.

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, umbuzo kuthutha nokuvikelwa kwamalungelo abantu Meskhetian lubalulekile kakhulu futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhuluma iyahola wezangaPhandle kanye vicissitudes zezombusazwe. Inkinga is sahlanganisa ubumbaxambili okuhlosiwe, nokunquma kanye neziphakamiso ezivela kokubili iziphathimandla kanye nalabo abamele abantu ngokwabo.

Ngokungena yoMkhandlu WaseYurophu ngo-1999, Georgia izinikele 12 iminyaka ukukhulisa futhi izosingatha le nkinga ukubuya abaseTurkey ezweni lawo, ukuqinisa inqubo kuthutha nokuhlanganiswa, ukuze ibanike yisakhamuzi esisemthethweni.

Nokho, kukhona izinto ukuthi izinkinga kwalolu hlelo. Phakathi kwabo:

- Uma esebenzayo Armenization lenkaba zomlando abaseTurkey (Meskheti futhi Javakheti); wazilandela ngokunembile izimo okweqile sonya eyodwa esizweni esincane ngomunye ukubuya kuleyo nsimu;

- isikhundla insufficiently okunamandla iziphathimandla Georgian;

- ezingeni eliphansi lomthetho futhi zokulawula elawula inkinga yokungabi bikho kwemiphumela ka zonke izixazululo wamukele futhi uzwakalise.