Theatre kwesihenqo. Izinsiza kusebenza kanye nomklamo yesehlakalo yaseshashalazini

Noma ubani obelokhu ebhayisikobho, ukhumbula ukuthi kwesihenqo yaseshashalazini kuyingxenye ebalulekile ye design ingaphakathi kanye esiteji. Lesi sibaluli kungokoqobo izinguquko eziphawulekayo ukuthuthukiswa ukucabanga lobuchwepheshe kanye ukuvela zobuciko ezigcawugcawu. Futhi namhlanje, yesehlakalo kwesihenqo - kungcono nje indwangu ngentambo, futhi imishini ngobuchwepheshe eyinkimbinkimbi ezihlukahlukene izici nemisebenzi.

indaba

Kwathi irharideni esigabeni sokuqala yasetshenziselwa ngisho enkundleni yemidlalo yase-Ancient Greece. Latshela isiqalo ekupheleni isinyathelo amadlingozi. Curtain njengoba imishini eyinkimbinkimbi kwase kukhona cishe ngekhulu le-17, lapho ukuthuthuka ngokushesha kwaba ukuthuthukiswa scene ezigcawugcawu. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakulinganiselwa ezihambayo indawo, ukunakwa ezingasho sakhokhwa Abaklami ukukhiqizwa setha design, isihenqo akuyona nje isici lwezobuchwepheshe ushintsho yale midwebo, kodwa futhi amathuba bazwakale.

Esikhathini design esiteji kwekhulu le-18, isihenqo waqala zifeza indima ebalulekile netindzaba leticocwako. Ngezinye izikhathi baba nendima ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngokwethulwa-the-ibhokisi ikhethini esiteji usezuze nencazelo entsha futhi buye baba isici ebalulekile kulungiselelwa.

Esikhathini 20 scenographers ekhulwini okwengeziwe ukuqinisa ukubaluleka esibucayi kwalesi sakhi yomhlobiso esiteji. Baba ingxenye yephrojekthi, okuyinto ngokukhethekile olungiselelwe play amakhethini. Ngokwesibonelo, ukwenziwa Lermontov sika "ukubonakala" ethiyetha umculi Mariinsky Theatre eyaziwa Golovin wenza 10 amakhethini ushintsho ngamunye izithombe.

aphoyintimenti

Isigaba sokuqala eyenza umsebenzi kwesihenqo kocingo amehlo ababukeli. Akaliboni kusakhiwo nezindawo ngaphambi isenzo amvalele yesehlakalo ngesikhathi ushintsho kwenkundla. Kodwa, ngaphezu, kukhona ikhethini nezinjongo yobuhle. Okokuqala, kuwuphawu ekuqaleni isethulo. Ukudalulwa kwesihenqo kuthatha umbukeli ezweni lamaphupho, ngaleso sikhathi, ukuthi tunes ku emkhathini we netimiso enkundleni yemidlalo yase-inkohliso. Okwesibili, kwesihenqo ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye ukusebenza art isikhala, ngisho njengoba uhlamvu ehlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, e "Hamlet" ngesikhathi Taganka Theatre, wayedlala indima Isikhathi, Destiny, Rock, njll

Kwathi irharideni iyindlela ezengeziwe yokukhuluma, isibonelo? draperies ukukhanya noma amakhethini eliqoshiwe ungakha inkohliso endaweni ethile noma kwezakhiwo. Ngisho ukungabi yawo kungase kube izimiso ezithile kwezobuciko - abanye amatiyetha yesimanje ayenqabe. Lena yindlela ingane K. Raikin "Satyricon."

Tinsita futhi imishini

Theatre yesehlakalo kuphela ehholo bheka ngokucebile ngisho romantic. Ngisho nalapho kwesihenqo okusunguliwe indlela eyinkimbinkimbi ehambisana, eyagcina kakhulu olwesimanje. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba bushelelezi, kanyekanye futhi iyunifomu razdvizheniya kwesihenqo isebenzisa olulodwa drive uhlelo. Ekuqaleni wasebenza ngesandla udonseleka ke - kwi kagesi, kodwa bubuswa ukulawula ikhompyutha.

Ukuphakamisa zenyuka indlela kuqinisekisa ukunyakaza umfaniswano ukwakhiwa esindayo kakhulu. Ukuze ukuthi izingxenye ohlangothini awathonywa, ayikuboni komzila esindayo. Umklamo owaba umqansa kunayo yonke inikeza futhi esishelelayo ukunyakaza futhi nokuphakamisa. umgwaqo okuthiwa yakhiwe ukusebenza kwesihenqo. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningana ke: yomugqa, nonlinear, nezintambo. Namuhla, ngenxa ukunyakaza kwesihenqo isebenzisa eziyinkimbinkimbi ojantshi, okuyinto kulawulwa elawulwa kude.

typology

Ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi, ikhethini kungaba ezahlukene. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ngokusho indlela ukudalulwa, umsebenzi ukudlala, ngoba izindlela zomlando draping. Ungaphinde ukhethe izinhlobo amakhethini ngokuvumelana inqubo control kanye traction control, kulesi simo okukhulunywe bhukwana, mechanical, kagesi nawe-elekthronikhi imishini.

Kukhona imizamo ukuze uhlukanise esigabeni draping nezinto bekene wenza. Ngakho elingalodwa, velvet nelineni amakhethini. Nokho, ukuhlukana okunjalo kuyinto untenable ngoba kwesihenqo - isakhiwo multi-ungqimba okuyindawo ehlanganisa i olwelwesini futhi ongaphakathi, isithunzi, shilsya ngamunye ezicutshini ezahlukene.

Lesitshalo ngokuvumelana indlela ukuvezwa

Ngo ithrekhi ivelele izinhlobo ezinjalo yaseshashalazini amakhethini, njengoba beya futhi nokuphakamisa futhi downcomers.

Mshini komkhiqizo ngokuhambisa kufanele ukunikeza efinyelela oluphelele yesehlakalo emehlweni izethameli, it is kugqugquzelwa umklamo obukhethekile iphunga okukhulu - bememezana ngendwangu kwenye. Blades ogibele komzila ezahlukene futhi kusondela omunye amasethi. Futhi, indlela beya kumele baqinisekise zokuvumelanisa ezinyakazayo imidwebo. Kusekelwe olulodwa drive uhlelo.

Ngasinye endaweni yesehlakalo yaseshashalazini okuyiwona - yinhliziyo yakhe, anakekele leso indlela kwesihenqo ukushayela umsebenzele lemukelekako ngokushesha ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngokushelela, synchronously futhi buthule. Kukholakala ukuthi ikhethini ngokuhambisa has amathuba ezinkulu ekhululekile kuka abehlela. Emphethweni, ukunyakaza Rhythm libhekene amandla okudlulisela imizwelo. kwesihenqo Ngakho uyaziqhenya Bolshoi Theatre, esigabeni esikhulu okuyinto lihlotshiswe ngendwangu enhle kakhulu ngokuhambisa ngohlobo zakhe isithombe.

Lifting futhi downcomer izindlela - kwavela lasendulo ngaphezulu. Ngisho ku nkundla yamaGreki asendulo kwaba kwesihenqo bawa phambi show in a slot akhethekile ngaphuma ke ekupheleni umbukwane. indlela ukwehlisa kusekelwe isimiso ezilinganisweni, kusukela liyaphambuka blade ivikela iziqondiso ekhethekile ezinhlangothini.

Kukhona futhi amakhethini kuhlangene, elihlanganisa izici isandiso evundla ephakamisa mpo uphinde wehlise. Zimelele esiphezulu isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuba bahlangane nabantu futhi alo amakhethini, lapho kuwebhu kwakheka kwelinye, amabili, amathathu noma amane anezele. onobuhle zivumela ukuvala kuphela uhhafu phezulu isikhala esiteji futhi umhlobiso ngaphezulu.

Okuyisici esibalulekile ukusebenza

Amathuba kwesihenqo esetshenziswa ngaphakathi dalo of play, futhi ngesisekelo salokhu, bahlukene ekugembuleni futhi sinikeza isithombe. Tableau kwesihenqo yaseshashalazini kuyindlela yokuthola Partitioning isikhala yesehlakalo ngaphambi kokuqala isenzo ngasinye, futhi ukuqedela play. Letindlela ayingxenye unomphela design esiteji. Game onobuhle wadala ngqo ukusebenza ezithile, futhi bayingxenye umklamo isethi. Zingaba ingxenye umhlobiso jikelele, ukudlala indima ibika ingcaca, ukuyohlala at zero esiteji. Game izilenge zenzelwe ukwakha umoya ezikhethekile play, futhi sihlanganise nabo isitayela uhlobo.

kwesihenqo ukukhanya

Kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile, okuyinto adalwe ukukhanya. Modern imishini yaseshashalazini Ungashintshanisa ukukhanya kusukela spotlight kwendaba, lapho bazocula umsebenzi ikhethini. Isimiso yomsebenzi walo liqukethe okukhanyisa izinhlayiya imisiwe emoyeni. Kunezindlela ezimbili ukwakha kwesihenqo ezifana: evundla kummango. Esimweni sokuqala, namaphrojektha ukukhanya imigqa baqondiswa nendawo ngomunye nomunye. Ukuze uqinisekise ukufana kwesihenqo ngokuvamile isekelwa yi-black velvet okwasemuva izigcawu. Eyesibili indlela iwukuba unciphise towards fluxes ukukhanya igebe phambi esiteji ngezindleko ophahleni ehholo, okuyinto uphahlwe nge black velvet. Kwathi irharideni ukukhanya uyazigcwalisa kahle umsebenzi yesehlakalo ukweqa ubuhle izethameli, futhi udlala indima amasu ezikhethekile bayaxoxa, okuyinto lapho kaninginingi kuphela sithuthukisa umphumela wawo.

izinhlobo zomlando

Kukhona izinketho eziningana for amakhethini nazo, Uthole igama yokudumisa yeshashalazi asetshenziswe kuwo. Ngakho, kukhona imodeli Austria, okuyinto yesifunda ezahlukene emphethweni ezinkulu, ucosha ngendwangu. A isibonelo esifanayo has a ezihlukahlukene Venetian, ke okunye nje ehlotshiswe pleats mpo. Kwesihenqo, ngokuthi "Italian", uvame kakhulu yaseshashalazini zasendulo. Siqukethe webs ezimbili mpo, okuyinto amagumbi aphansi avuke phezulu. Lezi zilwane ezilandelayo futhi akhona: Kabuki, Punchinello, amakhethini Wagner Brecht.

ukubhalisa

Ngaphezu umehluko ezihlelekile amakhethini, yebo, ungase ube design akhethekile. Ngokusobala, umklamo esiteji kufanele kuhlanganiswe ingaphakathi yaseshashalazini, kanye kufanelekile umbukwane ukudlalwa. Ngokuvamile abaqondisi ukudala izilenge ekhethekile imikhiqizo yabo, ngaphezu, yeshashalazi odumile ngokuvamile aba izilenge zabo siqu eliyingqayizivele ukuthi saziwa yabo. Ngakho, Bolshoi Theatre, isigaba esikhulu okuyinto lihlotshiswe mlando "segolide" kwesihenqo, wachitha eziningi Manpower nezisetshenziswa ekubuyiseleni lo mkhiqizo abadumile. Ngesikhathi Mariinsky Theatre kwesihenqo Golovin ngo-1914 kubhekwa isibonakaliso olusemthethweni. Njengoba nje kwesihenqo Ubuciko Theatre, wadala nge ukuklanywa kwamabhilidi F. Schechtel.