Sunflower ukudla: GOST, ukubunjwa, abakhiqizi

Sunflower ukudla - umkhiqizo ukudla abalulekile, kabanzi asetshenziswa kwezolimo. isicelo ayo akwazi ukwenza ngcono ukukhiqiza imfuyo kanye nezinkukhu, ngaleyo ndlela kwande inzuzo epulazini. Fed sunflower sakusihlwa kungaba ngefomu okumsulwa noma njengengxenye kokudla kwezilwane.

izinhlobo

Limelela ukukhiqizwa okuphakelayo eceleni amafutha sunflower. Okungukuthi, njengoba impahla eluhlaza e womshini basebenzisa imbewu ezivamile. ukukhiqizwa sunflower wenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili:

• Imbewu ezitholwe cindezela, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi ivelele amafutha sunflower - umkhiqizo ukudla okubalulekile.
• inqubo Isizinda wenziwa. Ekhama abangelwa yisisindo esebenzisa imithi yokususa ingcekeza elenkani ekhethekile (ikakhulukazi uphethiloli) ukwaba amafutha esisele.

Ngu leli su it is etholwe okuthiwa sokudla. Ngezinye izikhathi umkhiqizo Ukuphela ngaphansi ukufudumeza ukwelashwa. Lokhu kuhlola kubizwa ngokuthi ukudla.

ukusetshenziswa

Njengoba sekushiwo, sunflower sakusihlwa wasebenzisa isikhathi esiningi njengoba okuphakelayo imfuyo ezikhulayo kanye nezinkukhu. Inani kwako ikakhulukazi yokuthi liqukethe amaningi. Futhi, eqinisweni, unesibopho ukuqoqwa kwemisipha isilwane, kanye nokukhula yabo. Ikhwalithi amaprotheni ekhishwe ukudla ingaqukatha kufika ku-60%. Uma lokhu amaprotheni ngokuphelele ephezulu grade acid acid kwengoma. Ngokusho lesi sidlo inkomba oludlula okusanhlamvu ngisho eziningi.

I amaprotheni sunflower sakusihlwa iqukethe ama-amino acid ezifana cystine, lysine, tryptophan futhi methionine. Ukwakheka okuphakelayo kuhlanganisa enye ingxenye ewusizo - fibre. Kuthinta ngqo digestibility kwezilwane, ikakhulukazi ruminants, ukudla. Eziqukethwe ukudla, futhi zonke izinhlobo izakhi yezimbiwa trace. Ikakhulukazi ocebile lolu hlobo ukudla phosphorus kanye potassium. Futhi-ke yakhiwa zinc manganese, iron, ithusi, ayibe, i-iodine nitrogen. Eziqukethwe amavithamini ukudla futhi: B, E and A.

Ingabe ingxenye ukudla namafutha izinsalela (15%). Ngokuqondene izinga, kuba lizidlula kude esikebheni, ngoba degree eliphansi namachibi, futhi isibalo esikhulu phospholipids.

Izinzuzo umkhiqizo

Ukusetshenziswa okuphakelayo ezifana sunflower sakusihlwa, unga:

• ngcono umzimba izilwane oqothulayo ke;
• ukwandisa digestibility iphesenti kokudla kwezilwane nezinye izinhlobo;
• kuncishiswe ingozi yokufa;
• ukwandisa isilinganiso inzuzo nsuku zonke;
• ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba;
• ngcono isimo jikelele we izilwane;
• ngcono ikhwalithi inyama, ubisi kanye namaqanda.

isilwane Adult lokhu kudla ngokuvamile ngefomu ochotshoziwe intsha - emhlabathini, kokubili e-ezomile futhi olumanzi. Liphinde ukudla ovamile kakhulu sengezwe Mash.

Ukwakheka umkhiqizo

Ngakho, lolu hlobo ukudla kumele kuhambisane nezidingo GOST. Sunflower ukudla (izimo lobuchwepheshe, okusho ukuthi izimfuneko ngezithako zawo kubikwa amatafula ekhethekile) ngaphandle inikeza mass umbala grey noma sinombala, equkethe, njengoba kuphawuliwe, uwoyela, fibre nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene trace. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izinkomba ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi bakhombise ukubaluleka umkhiqizo okuphakelayo. Lezi zinombolo kuwo - iyingxenye yemibandela lobuchwepheshe ngokuhambisana GOST 11246-96.

Umkhiqizo laqanjwa enjalo ubhekwa imithetho ngokugcwele ne GOST. Sunflower, ukusebenza ezweni lethu, ngokuvamile libhekene izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu. Lawula Ukwakheka yayo GOST 13496.

ukungcola ezilimazayo

Njengoba ubona, umkhiqizo kuyinto eyigugu futhi ewusizo kakhulu - sunflower. Ukwakheka okuphakelayo kungenziwa ngokuphumelelayo awusebenzisa imfuyo kanye nezinkukhu. Nokho, njenganoma iyiphi enye umkhiqizo kungenzeka eziqukethwe ukudla kanye esincane izingxenye okungasizi lutho noma okulimazayo. Futhi kunqunywa iphesenti ovumelekile isimo ejwayelekile.

Umswakama mass sunflower sakusihlwa ngesikhathi isitoreji kumele singeqi sibalo 6%. Kungenjalo umkhiqizo uzoqala isikhunta futhi bola.

abakhiqizi

sunflower Iyatholakala emazweni amaningi emhlabeni. Futhi eRussia ukwenziwa kwalo mkhiqizo ingenye yezindawo zokuqala. Futhi eziningi ukuthi likhiqizwa e-Ukraine, e-Argentina, eNingizimu Afrika, Pakistan, China, USA naseNdiya.

ERussia presscakes ekhiqizwa eziningi izitshalo uwoyela isizinda futhi begcoba izimboni. Ethandwa kakhulu abakhiqizi ezifuywayo yilezi: yalolucwaningo "Yug Rusi", "Aston", "eziyinkimbinkimbi Agricultural", "Atkarskaya Mez", "Miller" kanye nabanye.

I abahlinzeki elikhulu umkhiqizo ezifana sunflower (Photo ezipakishiwe ukudla ngobuningi ungabona kuleli khasi), kukhona "Agasti Agro" TK "Agroresurs", "West", "Trionis".

Esikhathini esithile esidlule, uchwepheshe othile ozimele we-Russian Isikhungo izinkinga kazwelonke abaphenywe ukukhiqizwa ezifuywayo okuphakelayo khona GMO. Esikhathini black uhlu ngemva kwalokho amafemu amaningi bakwazi ukukhiqiza sunflower. Abakhiqizi 'Prioskolye "," Cherkizovo "," BEZRK-Belgrankorm "- lena izinkampani ezingu owaziwa ekuphakelweni equkethe imikhiqizo izakhi. Itholakala ohlwini, namanye, izinkampani ezincane. Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo ukusetshenziswa okuphakelayo equkethe GMO akuyona kungavunyelwe eRussia. abakhiqizi Nokho sivalwe ukuthengisa lo mkhiqizo ngaphandle kokutshela umthengi ke izingxenye izakhi.

nezidingo GOST

Amazinga ebekwe amazinga isimo, izinkampani esikhiqiza ukudla, kumele zithobele hhayi kuphela mayelana umkhiqizo kwengoma. Izivakashi nazo zilawulwe izinga:

• I impahla eluhlaza esetshenziswa ngokukhiqiza ukudla. Imbewu kumele athobele GOST 22391.
• Okufakiwe. Sunflower zahlanganiswa ngo izikhwama iphepha elihambisana GOST 2226. Ungqimba ngaleyo ndlela ukudla ezipakishiwe kumele singeqi 30 kg. Kungenzeka futhi ukuvumela umkhiqizo ngaphandle ukupakisha (okubi).
• Ukumaka kufanele sisetshenziswe ngokuhambisana GOST 14192. On the amasaka uzathwala eliqoshwe umbhalo othi "Vikela kusuka umswakama" nakanjani. Lapho ezithunyelwa ngobuningi zonke izici edingekayo komkhiqizo kuboniswe embhalweni elikulesi sihloko.

La masaka kungenziwa wathela njengomuntu luyimbudumbudu sunflower ngobuningi.

Sakusihlwa futhi ikhekhe

imbewu Sunflower ukwenza olunye uhlobo ukudla okubalulekile - ikhekhe. Kusukela ukudla yena ovelele ngokuyinhloko indlela yokukhiqiza. Yenza ikhekhe nje ngokucindezela imbewu. Akukhona kuncike isizinda. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye akusiyo nsé ukudla. Sunflower ikhekhe iqukethe umsoco omningi. Njengomhlaba ukudla, ngokuvamile kufakwe okuphakelayo kwekhasi.

Umlando sunflower

Ngakho, ukudla okwenziwe kusuka imbewu ezivamile. Yisebenzise ukondla izilwane waqala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Sunflower iyikhaya eNyakatho Melika, futhi kunobufakazi bokuthi lesi sitshalo kutshalwa ezingaphezu kuka 5 izinkulungwane. Iminyaka. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani ke okwakuthiwa ilethwa 1500 abaseSpain.

Njengoba oilseed imbewu sunflower lokuqala zaqala ukusetshenziswa eRussia. Ngo-1900, izinhlobo zayo ezintsha ezifuywa abalimi Russian. imbewu yabo aqukethe uwoyela 60%. Njengoba izinhlobo ngaphambilini ukhulile, maphesenti kwaba% 28 kuphela.

Ngaphezu ekhishwe namuhla sunflower nezinye ukudla. Ngokwesibonelo, soy. Kuba yisikhathi futhi lapho umkhiqizo ukudla okubalulekile. Kodwa, ngeshwa, esikhathini sethu Simila omningi soy GMO. Futhi ekukhiqizeni ukudla, isetshenziswa kakhulu ngenkuthalo. On okufanayo sunflower abalimi, izazi zezakhi zofuzo msebenzi cishe ngeke kwenziwe. Abalimi izinkampani ezinkulu zezolimo emhlabeni wonke etshalwa izinhlobo ezivamile ngokuyinhloko kuphela kanye nzalo. Inzuzo umsinga sunflower we-soya kanye undemanding nokubunjwa kwenhlabathi kanye izimo zezulu.

imithetho Ukugcinwa

Thandazani sunflower sakusihlwa kungaba yinoma yimuphi indlela yokuthutha. TC ngaleyo ndlela kufanele kuhlanzeke futhi disinfected. Sakusihlwa noma egcinwe ngobuningi ezikhaleni avaliwe, noma embondelene in izikhwama. Ungalibeki umkhiqizo elangeni. Ishede kumele ifakwe uhlelo ukupholisa. ukudla Bulk kufanele njalo enyakaza. Izikhwama Kumelwe ngilale emashalofini noma Pallets. Ungavumeli Ukushisa ukudla ngaphezu kuka-5 degrees ngokuziqhathanisa lokushisa kuma. Impilo eshalofini of sunflower ekhiqizwa kuhambisana nezidingo izivakashi, sekuyiminyaka emithathu.