Small umdlavuza cell wamaphaphu: uphethwe, ukuphathwa, onalesi sifo

izifo Oncological zisabalele emhlabeni wonke. Minyaka yonke inani umdlavuza iyakhula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi manje yathuthuka kakhulu Izindlela komdlavuza pathologies. Omunye amafomu ezivamile umdlavuza wamaphaphu Ingqamuzana encane. Ezweni, kufa izigidi zabantu zibulawa kusukela lesi sifo njalo ngonyaka. Umbuzo kangakanani abaphila ne umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kuyinto efanele kakhulu. Odokotela Sekuyisikhathi eside uzama ukuthola ikhambi umdlavuza. Ezikhathini zanamuhla oncologists igxathu kule ndawo. Ukufinyelela izinto ezinjalo zinemisebenzi ephathelene ne ekuhlonzweni lesi sifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zokwelapha ziya njalo ngcono.

Izinhlobo cell encane umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zawo, umdlavuza wamaphaphu iyona ezihlukahlukene. Ukwahlukaniswa ukubeka izinhlobo radiographic nezinhlobo lamaseli kwakhiwa kusukela lapho isimila is. Kuye morphology we walulama 2 izinhlobo izinqubo umdlavuza. Okuningi ezivamile ze-non-ezincane cell umdlavuza wamaphaphu. It has a Yiqiniso evumayo. Small umdlavuza cell wamaphaphu libhekene Ukudlulela okusheshayo. Litholakala ngaphezulu akuvamile. Futhi, lesi sifo kungavuka ifomu yenziwe yaba yasendaweni (wendawo) kanye ezivamile.

Kuye kahle lapho isimila itholakala, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

1. Central Cancer. It libhekene yokuthi isimila itholakala endaweni bronchi esikhulu segmental. Ngokuvamile, lokhu zokugula nzima ukuhlonza.
2. umdlavuza neuropathy. Umdlavuza eba inqubo wamaphaphu izicubu uqobo.
3. umdlavuza apical. Kuphinde kube nomthelela nezicubu wamaphaphu. Lolu hlobo iqembu ahlukene, njengoba ebonakala ngu isithombe emitholampilo (amila zinto, ibhande ehlombe, entanyeni).
4. Cavernous umdlavuza wamaphaphu.
5. amafomu atypical futhi metastatic.
6. uhlobo Pnevmoniepodobny of isimila.

Hlobo luni umdlavuza nesifo cell encane wamaphaphu?

Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza kwenzeka e-25% amacala. It kungokwalabo i amafomu nolaka ekusakazekeni ngokushesha ohlelweni lymph. Uma usola i-pathology umdlavuza e ababhemayo, komdlavuza ngokuvamile kuba cell encane umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Isilinganiso sobude bokuphila ngalesi sifo luncike inqubo isinyathelo ngokuyinhloko. Libuye izici ezibalulekile ngamunye umzimba futhi tolerability yokuphathwa. Umdlavuza yalolu hlobo lomdlavuza kubangelwa yokuthi ke kuphakama esitokisini undifferentiated. isimila ezinjalo ezifana "siyaphahlaza" le parenchyma yamaphaphu ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba, okuholela nzima ukubona ukuthi okuzobhekwa zisuka nje.

Etiology lomdlavuza encane cell

Njenganoma iyiphi zokugula umdlavuza, umdlavuza ezincane-cell wamaphaphu lingenzeki kanjalo nje. amaseli angavamile aqale ukwanda ngenxa yizinto eziningana. Isizathu esiyinhloko umdlavuza ze-non-ezincane iseli - kuyinto ukubhema. Futhi, kukhona ngokuqondene nokudlondlobala imiphumela emzimbeni izinto eziyingozi (izinsimbi ezisindayo, i-arsenic). Amathuba okuba nomdlavuza ngokuphawulekayo ekuthuthukiseni luyanda kwasebekhulile, nge Inkomba eliphezulu ababhemayo (ugwayi ukuhlukunyezwa iminyaka). izici ungalokothi uphuze zihlanganisa isifo samaphaphu okungamahlalakhona, okubalwa kuzo nesifo sofuba, COPD, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula obstructive. I nengozi yokuba nesifo somdlavuza ezingekho encane cell kwandile phakathi amadoda anomthwalo athinte uthuli. Nge zonke lezi zizathu enjengokubhema, izifo ezingelapheki nokwenza imisebenzi ingozi Amathuba nesenzakalo yesimila likhulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbangela zezinkumbulo izinqubo umdlavuza zibandakanya encishisiwe ukuzivikela komzimba, futhi nokucindezeleka okungapheli.

Isiteji iseli encane umdlavuza wamaphaphu

On umbuzo kangakanani abaphila ne umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ungaphendulwa kuphela ngemuva kokufunda nesigaba lesi sifo. It kuncike Usayizi inqubo umdlavuza kanye nezinga ukusabalala kwezinye izitho. Njengoba izimila kakhulu, nomdlavuza wamaphaphu has izigaba ezine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona futhi esigabeni sokuqala lesi sifo. Kwenye indlela libizwa ngokuthi "precancer". Lesi sigaba libhekene yokuthi kuphela izakhi ezincane iseli ahlelwe ngaphakathi ukukhanya igobolondo.

Isigaba sokuqala sale somdlavuza libhekene usayizi isimila engafika ku-3 cm. Ngalesi lymph node eseduze azilimele. Emhlabeni inqubo isimila kuyinto wamaphaphu inyama ephilile.

Eyesibili esiteji. Kukhona ukwanda ngobukhulu (kufika ku-7 cm). Lymph node azilimele. Nokho, isimila likhula pleura futhi bronchi.

Isigaba sesithathu. It libhekene Ubukhulu elikhulu inqubo umdlavuza. Umdlavuza amahlumela e-lymph kwesifuba, intamo nezitsha mediastinal. Futhi, isimila ungasakazekela izicubu we pericardium, kuqhoqhoqho, emphinjeni.

Isigaba sesine libhekene ukubukeka metastases kwezinye izitho (isibindi, ithambo, ubuchopho).

Lwasemtholampilo isithombe cell encane umdlavuza wamaphaphu

ukubonakaliswa Clinical lesi sifo zincike esigabeni cell encane umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ezigabeni zokuqala zokugula kunzima kakhulu ukuxilonga ngoba izimpawu cishe lingekho. Izimpawu zokuqala umdlavuza nasemkhakheni nesigaba lesi sifo yesibili. Lezi zihlanganisa: anda dyspnea, ukukhwehlela ukushintsha uhlamvu (in iziguli COPD), ubuhlungu esifubeni. Kwezinye izimo, kuye kwaphawulwa ukubukeka igazi e isikhwehlela. Izinguquko ezenzeka esigabeni sesithathu, kuye ngokuthi lapho isimila lachuma. Lapho uhlanganyela inqubo izimpawu inhliziyo ezifana ubuhlungu, arrhythmia, tachy noma bradycardia. Uma isimila kuthinta pharynx kanye kuqhoqhoqho, kungukuphula ukugwinya, kokuziklinya. isigaba Terminal libhekene ubuthakathaka jikelele, lakhulisiwe lymph node, ongaphakeme grade imfiva kanye kwesisindo.

Small umdlavuza cell wamaphaphu: sobude bokuphila nge kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane

Ngeshwa, isifo siqhubeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Isikhathi sokuphila iziguli incike ncamashi lapho uphethwe esabekayo - ". Encane umdlavuza cell wamaphaphu" Izibikezelo isifo esibi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu uma neziguli 3 futhi inqubo isigaba 4 umdlavuza. Lapho amafomu eyinhloko encane umdlavuza cell wamaphaphu, futhi, kunzima ukuyelapha. Noma kunjalo, ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukufeza ukubambezeleka isimila ukukhula. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukunquma ngokuthe ngqo ukuthi singakanani isikhathi awusenalo ukuphila nesineke. It kuncike ngomzimba womuntu nangendawo rapidity of emdlavuzeni. engu-rate sokusinda kuseli wamaphaphu encane Ithumba 5-10%.

Oncology Centre (eMoscow): wokwelapha isifo somdlavuza

Uma nesigaba lesi sifo ivumela izidingo umdlavuza ngayo. Ukukhishwa kwe-isimila kanye yokwelapha ngeke ukunweba kuphela ukuphila esiguli, kodwa futhi ukuze kuxazululeke yokuhlupheka kwakhe. ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kufanele kube ukuthola umuntu ofanelekayo futhi Oncology isikhungo esihle. Moscow kubhekwa ingenye yamadolobha lapho imithi athuthukiswe ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Kahle kahle, lokhu kusebenza Oncology. Lapha ukuthuthukiswa ezintsha zokwelapha, zokwelapha ziyaqhubeka. E-Moscow, zikhona eziningana lesifunda Oncology emitholampilo kanye nasezibhedlela. Izizinda ezibaluleke kakhulu Isikhungo waseHerzen futhi Blokhin. Kulezi imitholampilo umdlavuza it has imishini yamuva ukuze ayokwelashwa, ochwepheshe umhlabeleli yezwe. Experience kuyisayensi nezikhungo eMoscow kabanzi phesheya.

Small umdlavuza cell wamaphaphu: ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa amancane umdlavuza cell wamaphaphu lingasetshenziswa kuncike uhlobo ukukhula, usayizi nasesigabeni sokukhula lwesimila. Indlela eyisisekelo ngamakhemikhali. It ikuvumela ukubambezela isimila ukukhula, okwandisa sokuphila isiguli izinyanga noma iminyaka eminingi. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokushiswa ingase isetshenziselwe zonke izigaba inqubo umdlavuza, ngaphandle esigabeni esigungwini. Kulokhu, isiguli kufanele kuqonde egculisayo futhi akuyona ephelezelwa ezinye pathologies ezinzima. Small iseli umdlavuza wamaphaphu kungase kudingeke ifomu zendawo. Kulokhu, amakhemikhali okwelapha kuhlangene ukuhlinzwa futhi indlela ngemisebe.