Sertoli amaseli (sustentotsit): Umsebenzi

Iziphathimandla wemfanelo zokugaya ezingabantu, ebizwa ngokuthi testes. Lakhicitwe ubulili amaseli - sperm hormone, ezifana testosterone. I yokwakheka futhi histological isakhiwo testes kwabesilisa eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba lezi zindikimba afeze imisebenzi eminingana. Zasezikusa spermatogenesis - the ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano germ cells. amasende futhi enze endocrine umsebenzi. Basuke etholakala esikhwameni cutaneous ekhethekile - scrotum. Kukhona inakekelwa lokushisa ekhethekile, okuyinto kancane kuka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Testes babe ukuma okweqanda, ubukhulu babo lide mayelana 4 cm begodu 3 ububanzi. Ngokuvamile, kungaba khona asymmetry omncane gonads. Ngamunye igobolondo amaqanda lihlukaniswe ngodonga ibe sebuningini tincetu. Zinemilayezo convoluted emiseleni seminiferous ukwakha plexus wamasende. Amapayipi wayo efferent faka epididymis. kwakhiwa Kukhona kwenqwaba kwesidoda - ikhanda. Kamuva - iziteshi zifakiwe deferens vas, okuyinto ithunyelwa esinyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwandisa futhi zingene olunye uhlaka lowesilisa uhlelo zokuzala - lo wendlala. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, kwakheka siteshi ku imbobo ejaculatory, elithatha esidayisa e esifundeni urethra.

isakhiwo histological we amasende ezingabantu

Owesilisa gonads aqukethe intambo spermatic, nezicubu interstitial. Ngaphandle nesembozo yabo albuginea. Yena imelelwa izicubu obukhulu zezinzwa. Albuginea spliced nendikimba. Uhlangothi lwawo sikhula esebumba testis mediastinum. Kuleli qophelo, the ezicutshini sehlukaniswe sebuningini imicu. Akha lobules ngaphakathi okuyizinto tubules convoluted. Basuke emelelwa amayunithi elandelayo kwesakhiwo:

1. Sertoli amaseli - sustentotsit. Kanye ezinye izici ezihilelekile ekwakhekeni igazi-testis isithiyo.
2. Amaseli, ngokusebenzisa owenziwa spermatogenesis.
3. Myofibroblasts. elinye igama labo - amaseli peritubular. Umsebenzi oyinhloko myofibroblast - iwukuba Ukuqinisekisa ukukhuthazwa uketshezi kwesidoda iziteshi crimped.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka iqanda has izicubu interstitial. Kumayelana 15%. izicubu sesikhala imelelwa izici eziningana ezinjengolwazi Leydig amaseli, ama-macrophage, ama-capillary nokunye. D. Uma iziteshi convoluted banesibopho ukwakheka kwamaseli ubulili, kukhona ukwakheka kanye ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone wesilisa.

amaseli Sertoli: isakhiwo

amaseli Sertoli unayo i shape side. usayizi yabo imayelana 20-40 microns. Lena amayunithi sasivumela ezinkulu kwesakhiwo ahlukile abizwa ngokuthi asekelayo amaseli. Esikhathini cytoplasm kula maseli iqukethe organelles eziningi. Phakathi kwabo:

1. Core. It has an okungajwayelekile, ngezinye izikhathi - ezimise eliphakathi kwe-. I chromatin nucleus isakazwa Ukuboshelwa.
2. EPS Smooth futhi olunzima. Eyokuqala - unesibopho ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone steroid, kwesibili - inikeza amaprotheni zamagama.
3. ama-apharathasi Golgi. Ngenxa yalesi organelle, kukhona lokugcina zamagama, isitoreji kanye nokususwa imikhiqizo.
4. Lysosomes - kukhona ahileleke phagocytosis.
5. Microfilaments. Lezi organelles zinengxenye nokuvuthwa kwesidoda.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingqamuzana ngalinye iqukethe Sertoli amafutha ukufakwa. Sustentotsitov base isendaweni ezindongeni tubules seminiferous, kanye tip - ubuso inesikhala yabo.

amaseli Sertoli: umsebenzi

Sertoli cell ingenye yezingxenye obumba convoluted tubules seminiferous. Kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba ehilelekile inqubo spermatogenesis, kanye zamagama hormone wesilisa. Kukhona umsebenzi elandelayo Sertoli amaseli:

1. Trophic. Lezi zici ukunikeza beya isidoda amaseli nge mpilo nezakhi.
2. Avikelayo. Iseli ngalinye has a lysosomes cytoplasm - organelles ehilelekile phagocytosis. Ziba futhi kabusha imikhiqizo yokubola, isibonelo, izingxenye zencwadi spermatids efile.
3. Ukunikeza igazi-testis isithiyo. Lokhu umsebenzi kuqinisekiswa eduze cell-cell oxhumana naye. Umgoqo kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa ubulili amaseli owesilisa kusukela egazini kanye izinto eziqukethwe kulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenza Ukungena isidoda antigen e-plasma. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuba ukuvuvukala sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba.
4. umsebenzi endocrine. Sertoli amaseli zinengxenye kumiswa hormone ocansini.

Sustentotsity ezidingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe nokunakekelwa kwemvelo ekhethekile lapho isidoda ukuthuthukisa kahle. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukwakheka ionic ka Sertoli amaseli lihlukile oketshezini olungenambala lwegazi. sodium lokuhlushwa ingaphansi, kanye nokuqukethwe potassium, kunalokho, anda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e Sertoli amaseli synthesize izinto eziningi eziphila abakhuthele. Phakathi kwabo - the prostaglandins, cytokines, follistatin, nezici ukukhula kanye division, opioids, njll ...

Umsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo Leydig amaseli

Leydig amaseli ziyingxenye wamasende izicubu interstitial. usayizi yabo imayelana 20 microns. I gonads besilisa kukhona ezingaphezu kuka-200 * Juni ¹⁰ Leydig amaseli. Izici kwesakhiwo salezi zici kuyinto okusaqanda nucleus futhi foamy cytoplasm ezinkulu. It has vacuoles equkethe amaprotheni lipofuscin. Lakhiwa ekonakaleni kwamafutha okwamanje we zamagama hormone steroid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-cytoplasm has 1 noma 2 nucleolus equkethe RNA namaprotheni. Umsebenzi oyinhloko Leydig amaseli - kuyinto testosterone. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ahlela izinto synthesis activin. Le into ezizokhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana FSH ebuchosheni.

Uyini Sertoli iseli syndrome?

Esinye sezifo ezingavamile lowesilisa uhlelo zokuzala iyona Sertoli cell syndrome. Ukubonakaliswa main kwalesi sifo ubhekwa inkinga yokungabi nenzalo. Lesi sifo ihlobene anomalies azalwa naso, njengoba waphawula aplasia (nokuncipha okukhulu noma ukungabi) kwezicubu nge-embryonic wamasende. Ngenxa yalokhu esephule tubules seminiferous ukuthuthukisa. I element kuphela alilinyaziwe - iyona Sertoli cell. Enye igama lesi sifo - a syndrome del Castillo. Nokho, Ingxenye Sertoli amaseli namanje asitholayo ukonakala, iningi labo - ijwayelekile. Naphezu kwalokhu, epithelium we tubules atrophied. Spermatozoa kule zokugula abumane.

Ukuphazamiseka umsebenzi Leydig amaseli

Uma umonakalo Leydig amaseli kwaphazamisa umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko - zamagama testosterone. Ngenxa yalokho, izimpawu ezifana:

1. Ancishisiwe yemisipha.
2. Ukungabi bikho yesibili ubulili izici (ukukhula komzimba izinwele ohlobo wesilisa, izwi).
3. Ukwephula libido.
4. Kwehliswe kwamathambo.