"Saiga-20". Imininingwane, izithombe

"Saiga-20" - isibhamu semi-automatic, ekhiqizwa Kalashnikov Ukukhathazeka. Lokhu isikhali lakhiwe ngesisekelo the Kalashnikov nokuhlanganisa isibhamu, ngoba senzelwe ukuzingela zochwepheshe nabasafunda amancane-naphakathi ngobukhulu umdlalo nezinyoni. Ingasetshenziselwa zonke sezulu.

Nasi amagama

Carbine "Saiga-20" iyisikhali engavamile kakhulu. Kuze kube manje, lo Izhmash isitshalo ukhiqiza onobuhle ezahlukene angaphezu kweshumi nambili lokushaya izibhamu ezifana "Saiga", ezihlobene eside barreled bushelelezi-wazalela abazingela izikhali semiautomatic. Nokho, musa alinge ushayele le sokuzingela, athola isibhamu kubona, alibhece par ne IL-43 TOZ-87. Yiqiniso, wasebenzisa izinhlamvu 12 no-20 gauge, futhi 410 "Magnum" lihambisana semi-automatic labadubuli imodi iyona main izici lobuchwepheshe sesibhamu ukuzingela. Kodwa-ke indlela ukuchaza ukuthi izibhamu "Saiga" (R no-C izinguqulo) zivinjelwe ukudayiswa kwamanye amazwe, kuhlanganise nase-United States, njengoba impi? Lena naphezu liberalism komthetho izikhali American. Uma njengesibonelo cabanga "Saiga-410k", kusukela umbono amadivayisi yayo angabhekwa njengoba AKS-74 ebhekisela okunqunyelwe umlilo semi-automatic. Uma ucabangisisa, abazingeli iningi ukuyibiza kuyinto isibhamu, hhayi nesibhamu. Izhmash igama elifanayo "Saiga" smoothbore sokuzingela, nakuba izazi futhi phikisana nale ncazelo, ngoba carbine kusho emgqonyeni rifled futhi ukusetshenziswa igobolondo isibhamu. Noma kunjalo, ngokuhambisana nezifiso umenzi, uyakuthiwa "Saiga" carbine.

kudivayisi

I-carbine "Saiga-20" cartridges asetshenziswa lamashumi amabili osezingeni emgqonyeni ububanzi 15.7 mm. Design Its evumela ukusetshenziswa inhlamvu futhi ezivamile nezinhlamvu nesibhamu kanye nezinhlamvu uhlobo "Magnum" nge 76 mm emkhonweni. Endabeni ka ichashazi cartridges akufanele ilibaleke ukuthi imishini esezingeni isibhamu, ukuze andise ukunemba, isiteshi has a constriction 0.9 mm kwathela. Ngakho-ke, musa ukusebenzisa okuzenzela tselnosvintsovye osezingeni amachashazi. Inhlamvu cartridges ezisetshenziswa ne carabiner, kwakudingeka alandele inqubo isitifiketi nomlilo ngokusebenzisa constriction wazalela binda.

umsebenzi Automation kusekelwe isimiso ukususwa powder amagesi iDemo unhlangothi piston futhi emgqonyeni uvala ngokusebenzisa ukujikeleza yokucina.

Kungani "Saiga" - hhayi AK-100

izingxenye Iningi carbine "Saiga-20" Kalashnikov obumbene, kodwa wesifunda yakhiwa izinguquko eziningana:

- i-piston igesi uvezwa uhlobo isici cylindrical (20x15 mm) ise tube igesi, phambi ingxenye yayo;

- umshudo yenethiwekhi ethathwa umshini, kodwa wenza indima phambili ingxenye indlela yokudlulisela, esikhundleni piston;

- shutter ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili, fixed kanye yokunyathelisa. Kuyadingeka ukuba asebenze ne cartridges sokuzingela, okuyinto kathathu ngaphezulu enamandla ukwedlula automaton;

- ukuze igweme ukuba kube khona ukushintsha kwezinzwa sokuzingela ukuqhuba umlilo okuzenzakalelayo sear inhlamvu walulama isibali esizikalayo.

Ekupheleni igesi ekamelweni setha abaklami igesi Regulator. It has izikhundla ezimbili: uhlobo "Magnum" futhi ezivamile nezinhlamvu cartridges. Futhi ukushintsha ukubukeka ezinye izingxenye kwezikhali.

ukuguqulwa carbine

Kuze kube manje, kukhona izinguqulo ezinkulu ezintathu carbine "Saiga" uchungechunge lamashumi amabili:

- "Saiga-20" - izingalo eside ngesidunu Classic ( "isibhamu-uhlobo");

- "Saiga-20s" - lokhu ukuguqulwa ifakwe isitokwe alo enziwe kusukela ingilazi fibre polyamide kwagcizelela, ezifana e-AK-100;

- "Saiga-20K" - carbine asebenzayo iyatholakala nge ukusonga Butt futhi emgqonyeni emifushane (430 mm). Kule ndaba, izinguquko inhlamvu, okungukuthi unezela ukukhiya ekhethekile okuyinto evimbela Butt is eligoqiwe ucindezela inhlamvu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ukufanisa nezindinganiso carbine oshayiwe Russian Federation (izikhali kokudubula kumele okungenani ibe 800 mm).

imishini ezengeziwe

Noma imiphi yale ukulungiswa carbines kungenziwa ifakwe i ubambo adjustable, okuyinto igibele esihlalweni sextant amadivayisi ejwayelekile. Model, ephelele ngogodo, abe postscript okuhambisanayo: ". 20c PKK" mbutho "Saiga-20 PKK", "20K PKK" futhi uchungechunge Small ekhiqizwa izibhamu, ifakwe iqoqo emgqonyeni nezinamathiselo esikhiphekayo (efana 410 chungechunge). Ngakho, ngo-model of "20K" umgqomo obuphelele nge ezinwetshiwe 330mm. Ngezinye carbines "Saiga Amaqhinga-20" futhi "20c" ohlangothini lwesobunxele owamukelayo has a standard obandayo ukuze emehlweni optical (indinganiso AK-100). Futhi lapha e ukuguqulwa "20K" akuyona okunamathiselwe ezinjalo, kodwa ukufakwa yalo ayiyona inqubo ezinzima. It kungenziwa ngisho ekhaya.

Kusukela engxenyeni 1998 yesibili, wonke amamodeli ayenendawo, uhlobo olusha elula ngaphezulu ibhodi lemisindo. It has a inkudlwana Ubukhulu jikelele, sebeziqhumbuza ezincane kanye nesakhiwo oyindilinga xaxa. Futhi kule onobuhle ezintsha uvele izimpumputhe emcimbini wokuvulwa okuyothi ngalo emikhonweni ziphonswe. Ngo carbines "20K" ushintshe uhlelo ukukhiya okuyinto, lapho Butt eligoqiwe ayivumeli nje kuphela ukuba ziyasiqhumisa, kodwa isibhamu adubule ne-fuse.

esitolo

Zonke izibhamu anemisila ezinhlanu-shot ezinjengenyanga ibhokisi emise ezimbili zama: ngaphansi sleeves 70 no-76 mm. Cishe zonke inhlamvu nge crimping ezivamile lisetshenziswe izitolo 76 mm. Uhlobo lwesibili esetshenziswa igobolondo of 70 mm, kokuba seaming "inkanyezi". Ngezinye izikhathi emakethe ungahlangana amandla neziqeshana 8-9 imizuliswano, zikhiqiza ezinye izingcweti abangenalo ubuhlobo esitshalweni Izhmash. Izihloko ezinjalo ungabahlukanisa "esilucwecwana" enamathela izindonga nokwethembeka ongaphakeme. esisebenzayo Okuningi brand izitolo 8 imizuliswano, banayo izindonga bushelelezi nelogo yomenzi.

izinhlamvu

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi "Saiga" 20 geji usebenza thembeke kuphela, enendawo awunankinga lingatshajwa (kungakhathaliseki uhlobo nezinhlamvu). Ikhono ukusebenzisa uhlobo "Magnum" izinhlamvu kwandisa izici kulwa isibhamu. Eqinisweni, lesikali lamashumi amabili lihlukile nambili kuphela nomlomo amandla kanye inkudlwana cross-nomthelela munition. Ngenxa yalokho, Ukungena nokunemba iyakhula. Kodwa uma usebenzisa cartridges "Tandem" uhlobo (banayo aphansi nomlomo amandla) ukusebenza kahle liyancipha, ngokulandelana kwandisa induduzo semiautomatic umlilo carbine "Saiga-20". Izici umlilo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: emva kulayishwa isibhamu "Umcibisholo Magnum", ogama nomlomo zamandla 300-3500 J, sithola isikhali esesabekayo kakhulu nge oqinile umthelela, yokuphahlazeka umlilo kusukela emgqonyeni. Ingabe ukunqoba injongo 12 osezingeni. Nokho, lapho usebenzisa igobolondo standard (isb, "Tandem") odlala isibhamu nomlomo amandla, imicibisholo kalula nenduduzo angakhiqiza uchungechunge isibhamu eqondile 5-7, ngaleyo ndlela uthola hematoma ehlombe we Butt. Ngokuvamile kutuswa ukufaka somthetho gas "Magnum", lapho icala unga kalula enye phakathi zonke izinhlobo nezinhlamvu.

"Saiga-20": ukubuyekezwa kanye abazingeli zisebenzisa

Ngokusho abanikazi, okuhle ukuzingela sokuzingela kusukela "Saiga" akwenzekanga. Ngemva ihlumela engacabanganga short-umshini - kunzima kakhulu, ukusho okungenani (akunakwenzeka). Umgqomo mufushane kunanoma iyiphi ukulungiswa ubuncane ezidingekayo ngecala lokudubula 80-100 metres, kanye isisindo isikhali nani lingaphezu mbutho. Imiphumela sokudubula egijima hare noma inyoni ezindizayo akuyona kuhlaba umxhwele. Yini enye eningayenza uthi mayelana carbine "Saiga-20 '? abazingeli lezivakashi ziyancipha yokuthi lesi sikhali senzelwe abazingeli elikhulu umdlalo (bear, amaphiva nokunye. D.). It ubhekana imigomo emikhulu futhi okudlula ozingela elementi zonke ezinye izinhlobo izikhali. Ikakhulukazi esimweni eduze empini, lapho yasendle nebhere ukuhlaselwa indoda. Yiqiniso, i-semi-automatic ingebe iDemo uhla close akukhetha kakhulu, yebo, uma wazi kanjani ukuyisebenzisa. Ongoti kwalesi imodeli ngokuvamile ukushiya izibuyekezo efana:. "" Saiga-20 "- lena isikhali siqu ukuthi yakhelwe ukubhubhisa izisebenzi isitha buqamama kuze kube ngamamitha angu-50, kungaba ngisho abhubhise izimoto, kanye nendawo yokuhlala ukuxegiselwa" Kusukela kulesi sitatimende ke kungenziwa baphetha ngokuthi carabiner okukhulunywa kunalokho nokuhlanganisa isibhamu kuka ukuzingela.

Ngasiphi isisekelo lezi zinkulumo?

Okokuqala, Ergonomics carbine "Saiga-20" yakhelwe ngesivinini sokudubula (sibonga sikakhokho walo - AK). Yenza shot kusukela hip of IL-43 kuba lula kunalokho kusukela "Saiga". Nokho, ukuziphatha okuhloswe umlilo ovela isibhamu yimuphi uhlobo nande icala (ngaphandle olucutshungulwayo) nokunikela isibhamu ezingaphezu kwezintathu olunembile ilandelana cishe kungenakwenzeka.

Okwesibili, ibhokisana lokugcina itiye noma ikhofi akhishwe elimile "Saiga" ukwazi awahlanganise ngokusebenzisa imoto, inhlamvu we "Ngohlelo" hit steel ishidi 3 mm obukhulu. Ingasaphathwa uhlobo igobolondo "Magnum", okuyinto amandla anele ukuze ifohle zesibhamu 1-3 ekilasini. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lena compact kakhulu carbine semiautomatic izibhamu, le mfanelo iyasiza ephendula ngokushesha ngesikhathi ngokudubula. Lena elula kakhulu ezimweni enyinyekile (ehlathini, edolobheni, endlini efulethini). Futhi uma wengeza esitolo anda, sithola isikhali inenani elikhulu wezindlela.

Ngakho yini oyithola kulesi carbine?

1. nokwethenjelwa emangalisa. Ngakho, ngemva isibhamu 500 wadubula kusukela "Saiga" (kuncike ukugcina ifaniswe ukubaluleka cartridges), ungeke ube ukubambezeleka misfires. Igobolondo kule inkomba ayiphazamiseki.

2. yesondlo Easy. Yiqiniso, Kufanele kwaziwe kodwa ukuthi, njengoba nanoma othomathikhi, "Saiga" futhi ludinga ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele. Kodwa lapho ngeke kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka sokuzingela akubi aphansi, ngoba inhliziyo yalesisizwe zikhali Kalashnikov nokuhlanganisa isibhamu - lizinga nokwethenjelwa.

3. Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu. Lapho sebebuye baqeqeshwa ukwenza isibhamu esinembile 4-5 for 2 imizuzwana - akuyona inkinga.

4. compactness esiphezulu. Sibeka futhi ithuthwe carbine "Saiga-20", lapho isitokwe ivaliwe, zibelula kunamanye ngezibhamu we osezingeni elifanayo.

5. nefanelekile ukunemba ichashazi sokudubula, ikakhulu uma kucatshangelwa emgqonyeni letimfishane. Ngo ngokuziphatha umlilo ne izandla bekude kwamamitha 50 inhlamvu ingena kalula ngobukhulu isigamu-litre ibhodlela.

6. Serious ikhono afinyelela ekujuleni izinhlamvu - ezikhathini 2-3 kunakunoma lokushaya izibhamu 5-10 izikhathi lwanamuhla ukulwa amavolovolo.

Okuhle

"Saiga" uchungechunge lamashumi amabili muhle ngoba kulula kakhulu nambili ochungechungeni ukusebenza efanayo. osezingeni 20-th usebenza ngokushesha ezingaphezu kuka-12 nele. Powder isampula, futhi ungqimba we projectile lingaphansi kuka, kodwa, bangakunaki amancane-ubukhulu emgqonyeni projectile izimpukane ngejubane elikhulu kakhulu. Ngakho, ukuze isetshenziswe ngempumelelo lokhu ingebe ubenawo amakhono ngaphezulu kakhulu kunangonyaka ngekhophi ubukhulu nambili. "Saiga-20" has kakhulu esingaphansi ukufinyela amandla, ukuze kungenzeka ukuthi sikwenze ngokushesha futhi wenze shot esilandelayo.

nebubi

Ububi lokhu isibhamu kuthathwa njengesibikezelo esiyiso osezingeni elincane. Ngemva nambili kuyisipho enemisebenzi, inani zithutha endaweni igobolondo likhulu kakhulu, ngokulandelana, kulula hit ilitshe. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokugcwaliseka cartridges 12 osezingeni ichashazi, le projectile inobungako ezinkulu kanye nomfutho, kodwa nge "Saiga-20" impi yokulunga bese ibanga umlilo ngempumelelo idlula imbangi "Saiga-12". A ethile sina yabazingeli eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi lokhu carabiner senziwa ngesisekelo zempi. Ngokusho kwabo, ngokuvamile besifanele, lokhu lithathelwe - kuyinto umsebenzi omubi. Abazingeli uthanda isikhali zakudala wadala kusuka ekuqaleni.

"Saiga-20": intengo sokuzingela

Uma konke kusenjalo, ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, uqale ecabanga ukuthenga ngokwakho isikhali (kungakhathaliseki okuzingela noma ukuze kuvikeleke ekhaya lakhe), khona-ke lesi sigaba kuyoba wusizo kuwe. ungathola yimuphi imodeli "Saiga-20" i-carbine ezitolo isibhamu wendawo. intengo zazo ziyogcwala isukela ruble 16 kuya kwezingu-26, kuye ngokuthi ukucushwa kanye ukuguqulwa. Zuza izikhali ezinjalo kungase kube okungenani engu-18, yebo, emva kokuthola yangaphakathi izindaba emizimbeni kwelayisensi ekhethekile. Ngakho ukuthi senziwe iphepha futhi ungaya eseduze isibhamu esitolo.