Resonance ukucindezeleka. Yini resonance wesifunda

Resonance ingenye ezivame kakhulu emvelweni, imihlola ngokomzimba. Lo mkhuba resonance kungabonakala nasemkhakheni amasistimu mechanical, electrical kanye ngisho ezishisayo. Ngaphandle resonance, asizange abe umsakazo, ithelevishini, umculo ngisho swings ebaleni lokudlala, ingasaphathwa izinhlelo ngempumelelo zokuxilonga kusetshenziswa imithi yesimanje. Omunye izinhlobo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu futhi ewusizo resonance wesifunda kuyinto voltage resonance.

Izinto circuit resonant

Resonance kungenzeka okuthiwa RLC-izifunda, ehlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo:

• R - resistors. Lezi amadivayisi ezihlobene okuthiwa izakhi esebenzayo kwe-circuit kagesi, amandla kagesi is ibe ukushisa. Ngamanye amazwi, benza ukususa amandla kusukela wesifunda bese siguqulwa ukushisa.
• L - inductance. Inductance ezifundeni kagesi - analog uyaca noma inertia kumasistimu lokukhanda. Le ngxenye akuyona obonakala khulu circuit uze uzame ukukwenza kunoma iyiphi ushintsho. Ngo Mechanics, isibonelo, ushintsho olunjalo yilona ushintsho velocity. I kagesi wesifunda - ushintsho zamanje. Uma ngasizathu simbe kwenzeka, lo inductance uphikisa besifunda umbuso ushintsho.
• C - ukubiza capacitors, okuyizinto amadivayisi ukugcina energy kagesi, njengoba nje entwasahlobo ukugcina amandla lokukhanda. Inductance ugxilisa futhi alondoloza amandla angase kazibuthe, kuyilapho icala capacitor ugxilisa futhi ngaleyo ndlela lugcine amandla kagesi.

Umqondo wesifunda resonant

Izakhi ezinkulu yilezi resonant wesifunda inductance (L) kanye capacitance (C). I Resistor enokuthambekela Damping ka oscillations, ngakho-ke kususa amandla kusukela wesifunda. Ngo ngokuhlola izinqubo ezenzeka esifundeni resonant, okwesikhashana indiva, kodwa kumelwe kukhunjulwe ukuthi, njengomphostoli amandla friction kumasistimu mechanical, ukumelana kagesi ezifundeni kungenakususwa.

Le resonance ka resonance voltages nemisinga

Kuye indlela yokuxhuma letigaba letibalulekile teluhlelo circuit resonance kungaba serial ngokulinganisa. Uma uxhuma uchungechunge wesifunda resonant kuya kusiginali umthombo voltage nge imvamisa coinciding ne imvamisa zemvelo, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, lapho kuphakama impendulo ukucindezeleka. Le resonance yesifunda kagesi exhunywe parallel izakhi esisheshayo ngokuthi resonance imisinga.

Imvamisa engokwemvelo circuit resonant

Thina kungabangela uhlelo oscillate at a imvamisa zemvelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzomele uqale ukushaja capacitor, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni phezulu ngakwesokunxele. Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, ukhiye idluliselwe isikhundla kuboniswe sibalo efanayo ngakwesokudla.

Ngesikhathi "0", wonke amandla kagesi agcinwe capacitor, kanye samanje wesifunda ilingana zero (sibalo ngezansi). Qaphela ukuthi ipuleti phezulu capacitor is kahle icala, futhi phansi - kule negative. Asikwazi ukubona oscillations of electron wesifunda, kodwa singakwazi ukukala ammeter samanje, futhi nge oscilloscope umkhondo ukwencika izikhathi zamanje. Qaphela ukuthi T isimiso sethu - isikhathi kuthatha ukuqedela eyodwa oscillation eziveza e Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka ngokuthi "kokungabaza isikhathi."

Notshwala zamanje ohlangothini ngokwewashi (bheka uMdwebo ngezansi). Amandla idluliselwa kusuka epholisayo ukuba le inductor. Uma uthi nhlá ukuthi kungase kuzwakale kuyindida ukuthi inductance anikeza umzimba amandla, kodwa kufana energy kinetic eziqukethwe mass ezihambayo.

Ukugeleza amandla ebuyiselwa epholisayo, kodwa uqaphele ukuthi manje polarity we capacitor ishintshile. Ngamanye amazwi, lo plate phansi manje has a icala omuhle kanye plate eliphezulu - kwenkokhiso ezimbi (sibalo ngezansi).

Uhlelo manje ziqondiswe ngokugcwele, futhi amandla uqala ukugeleza kusukela epholisayo emuva inductance (bheka uMdwebo ngezansi). Ngenxa yalokho, amandla ngokuphelele emuva eqale iphuzu futhi silungele kuqale kabusha umjikelezo wokukhula.

Imvamisa oscillation kungenziwa yilo kanje:

• F = 1 / 2π (LC) ^0.5,

lapho: F - imvamisa, L - inductance, C - capacitance.

Zidingidwa kulesi sibonelo, inqubo ibonisa okushiwo ngokomzimba of voltage resonance.

Investigation voltage resonance

Ngo yangempela LC izifunda siyohlale ukumelana okuncane okuyinto incipha nge umjikelezo ngamunye ukwandisa amplitude zamanje. Ngemva imijikelezo eziningana, lamanje kuyehla kube zero. Lo mphumela ibizwa ngokuthi "Damping of isignali sinusoidal". Izinga zokuwohloka zamanje zero incike ukumelana kulesi sifunda. Nokho, ukumelana ayishintshi ukuvama oscillations resonance wesifunda. Uma ukumelana libanzi, a oscillation sinusoidal ngeke kungenzeki nhlobo kumjikelezo.

Ngokusobala, lapho kukhona imvamisa engokwemvelo oscillation kungaba resonance inqubo excitation. Lokhu sikwenza ngokutadisha kuhlanganise endaweni Daisy uchungechunge ugesi kushintshana wamanje (AC), njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngakwesokunxele. Igama elithi "variable" ibonisa ukuthi voltage umthombo okukhipha siyahlukahluka nobuningi elithile. Uma imvamisa umthombo wamandla kuvumelana imvamisa engokwemvelo circuit, kuphakama voltage resonance.

Imigomo nesenzakalo

Manje sicabanga nemibandela okuvela voltage resonance. Njengoba kuboniswe sibalo zokugcina, sabuyela e-Resistor kulesi sifunda. Njengoba bengenandaba Resistor kumjikelezo samanje wesifunda resonant kuzokhulisa kunani esiphezulu kunqunywa nemingcele wesifunda isici futhi ugesi. Ukwandisa ukungawi Resistor yesifunda resonance kwandisa ukuthambekela kuya attenuation umsinga yesifunda, kodwa akuphazamisi ukuvama resonance kunyakaza. Ngokuvamile, imodi yamandla aphindeke kabili ye resonance akwenzeki uma impedance kwe-circuit resonance kwanelisa R = 2 (L / C) ^0.5.

Ukusebenzisa resonance voltages yokudlulisela umsakazo

Voltage resonance mkhuba iyisici ngokomzimba ukwazi hhayi kuphela. Kufeza indima ebalulekile wireless technology zokuxhumana - umsakazo, ithelevishini, sefoni yeselula. Zidlulisele esetshenziselwa ukuthutha engenantambo kolwazi ngempela aqukethe busebenze ukuze ezikhona at a imvamisa othize kwidivaysi ngayinye ibizwa ngokuthi yenethiwekhi imvamisa. Esebenzisa i-antenna okuxhunyanwa exhunywe kwi-Transmitter, lukhipha amagagasi kagesi ngesikhathi imvamisa yenethiwekhi.

I-antenna at komunye umkhawulo transceiver indlela othola isignali azikhulule yona circuit eyamukelayo eklanyelwe ezikhona ngaleso imvamisa yenethiwekhi. Kusobala ukuthi i-antenna uthola sebuningini amasignali e-amaza ezahlukene, ingasaphathwa umsindo omkhulu ovela ngemuva. Ngenxa yokuba khona ku idivaysi eyamukelayo ubukele imvamisa othwala wesifunda resonant, owamukelayo ukhetha kuphela imvamisa lesifanele, gqwa kuzo zonke engadingekile.

Ngemva uzingela amplitude modulated (AM) umsakazo, isiginali imvamisa ongaphakeme ozinikele therefrom (LF) is iyakhula ngabondla kudivayisi umsindo esikhiqiza. Lona ifomu elula of umsakazo kakhulu sensitive umsindo nokugxambukela.

Ukuze uthuthukise izinga ngokwaziswa esikuthola athuthukiswe futhi ngempumelelo isetshenziswa kwenye, izindlela ezithuthukile kunalezi yokudlulisela umsakazo, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi esekelwe ukusetshenziswa ubukele izinhlelo resonant.

Imvamisa ukushintshashintsha kwezwi kanye FM-radio ukuzixazulula izinkinga eziningi nge omsakazo amplitude modulated isignali, kodwa ngezinye izindleko abalulekile eyinkimbinkimbi system yokudlulisela. Uhlelo FM-radio umsindo ngekhompyutha ipheshana aguqulwa ku izinguquko ezincane yenethiwekhi imvamisa. Piece of imishini eyenza lokhu kuguqulwa ibizwa ngokuthi "modulator 'lisetshenziswa Transmitter.

Ngakho, kufanele owamukelayo ingezwe ku-demodulator yokuguqula isiginali emuva kwifomu ukuthi olungaphimiseka embhobhweni.

Ezinye izibonelo usebenzise resonance voltage

Resonance voltages njengoba isimiso esiyisisekelo nayo eyafakwa busebenze kwezihlungi amaningi, kabanzi Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka ukuqeda amasignali eziyingozi kanye okungafunwa, futhi ahlelembe okusizwa ukushaya odala amasignali sinusoidal.