Polytrauma - kuyini? Usizo lokuqala uma polytrauma

Ngokuvamile emlandweni isifo womuntu, okuyinto owawa ukuphakama ehloniphekile, noma bangena engozini yemoto, kungenzeka sigcine eside ezifana polytrauma. Kuyini futhi kungani kubalulekile ukunikeza usizo lokuqala isiguli? Yilokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni. Futhi sifunda indlela umuntu othile owayedlula ungagcina izimpilo zabantu engozini, kanye ezinye izindlela zokuxilonga kanye nokwelashwa zisetshenziswa kuleli cala.

incazelo

Ababili noma ngaphezulu izilonda ebuhlungu izitho ezihlukahlukene nezicubu zibizwa ngokuthi polytrauma. Kuyini futhi yini izimpawu nobuntu kulesi simo? Polytrauma - elisindayo polysystemic futhi amaningi isitho ukulimala lapho kukhona inqubo sokugembula. Kusekelwe ukuhlukumeza zendawo jikelele lithathelwe izinqubo, homeostasis.

isimo okunjalo kuyingozi ngoba engenzi ukuzibonakalisa ngokugcwele. Obvious kungaba ukulimala zangaphandle:

• ukushaqeka kuhlasimulise;
• ukopha acute;
• ukuboshwa zokuphefumula;
• nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Ezinye izimpawu zenzeka kuye ngohlobo polytrauma.

degrees

1. I shock ningagcini. emaphashini esonakele. isitho umsebenzi ngokugcwele esimweni.
2. Kube ukwethusa 1 noma 2 degrees. Umonakalo medium emizimbeni adonsela phansi. Ukuvuselelwa umsebenzi yezitho zangaphakathi kudinga isikhathi eside.
3. Shock degrees 2 noma 3. umonakalo Heavy. Kukhona ukulahlekelwa esinqunyiwe noma ephelele umsebenzi abathintekayo izitho.
4. Shock izigaba 3 noma 4. Umonakalo kuyingozi kakhulu, kuphila kwetfu engotini, hhayi kuphela esigabeni oyingozi, kodwa futhi ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa.

imiphumela

Abahlukahlukene amaningi futhi kuhlanganiswe ngokuya umonakalo esisongela ukuphila ingahluka ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ububanzi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba uhlukanise nabo ngezigaba ezifana:

• okuyisimo esisongela ukuphila;
• nezhizneopasnaya;
• polytrauma ebulalayo.

Lokho kuyinto kanye nomehluko phakathi kohlobo ngalunye?

Nezhizneopasnoe umonakalo akakubangeli ukwephulwa ukuphila umzimba, hhayi ukuphila.

ukulimala esisongela ukuphila kuthinta kwezitho ezinkulu kanye nezinhlelo ingelapheka ngosizo usizo ngesikhathi abasuke beludinga futhi abaqeqeshiwe.

umonakalo Lethal - ukubhujiswa izibilini, okuyinto vele ngeke ibuyiselwe ngisho by ukuhlinzwa.

zosizo lokuqala

Umuntu kude imithi, ngeke likwazi ukunikeza ukunakekelwa ngokugcwele zokwelapha isisulu oye wahlupheka ngenxa engozini yemoto, ingozi emsebenzini, njalo njalo. N. Nokho, usizo lokuqala uma polytrauma kumele kwenziwe. Ngokushesha iqembu yezokwelapha ngaphambi ngokushesha Passer noma umuntu ajwayelekile Kufanele nifeze enjalo manipulations elula nge izisulu, okuzokwenza lula ukuba athi:

• Misa ukopha usebenzisa tourniquet noma yimuphi omunye namathuluzi akhona.
• Uyekele sisulu izingubo (uma kunesidingo).
• Phakamisa umzimba kancane ukuba isisulu.

Ayikho enye manipulations akuzona nokuzihlupha sifuna. Phela, umuntu kude imithi, bekungeke kube khona ukuqonda onjani polytrauma wathola. Kungaba ukunquma kuphela udokotela, bese kuphela emva ukuxilongwa okujuli- isiguli.

Ukubulawa izenzakalo ezibalulekile

Ngemva kakade kube nethimba lodokotela uvakashele nesineke asekelwe ekuhlulekeni enjalo letindzala njengoba polytrauma. ukunakekelwa eziphuthumayo abahlengikazi Kulokhu simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• Yokutakula patency we umgudu engenhla. Ochwepheshe isuswe isikhwehlela nihlanze kusukela ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo, noma zaphathwa buso tube laryngeal wagqoka kwezimila ihlanzekile futhi abushelelezi.
• Ukususa hypoxia. Odokotela iphendukele ukupholisa yokufakelwa.
• ngci ukopha zangaphandle.

Ukuze enze lezi manipulations kufanele ashiye hhayi ningi than 4 amaminithi.

ukuguquguquka isiguli

ukwelashwa polytrauma kumele kwenziwe ngaphakathi kwezindonga esibhedlela. Ngakho-ke, kufanele isisulu usikhiphe sezempilo. Futhi lokhu kubalulekile ukubeka nesineke ohlakeni, umantilasi ekhethekile noma iphaneli (kuye ngokuthi umgogodla bekulimele kulokho endaweni futhi zenziwa ngayiphi indlela).

Ngokuvamile zikhona izikhathi lapho polytrauma etholwe ngenxa engozini yemoto. Kulokhu, ngemva olimale engozini ungaphakathi equlekile, noma isidumbu umshini is uqale ukucindezela. Kulokhu, ngaphambi isisulu esuswa gumbi umgibeli kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka patency evamile umgudu engenhla. Lokhu kungenziwa nge ekhethekile collar Schanz, bayakwazi ukulungisa yomgogodla wesibeletho.

uhlelo zokuxilonga

On yokuvuma isiguli e-labagula lesigceme izinyathelo ezinjalo zenziwa kuye:

1. luhlolo eziphuthumayo. amasheke Isazi kungenandaba noma umuntu ezinzile noma cha, decompensated noma uyafa. Futhi, udokotela ngesikhathi esifanayo ihlola yokuphefumula, umfutho wegazi.
2. Iqembu ochwepheshe lucwaningo imisebenzi ukuthi bayakwazi ukusekela lesiguli ukuphila: ukufinyelela imithambo umgudu patency, amanzi ka ingaphakathi pleural, ukusindisa ukuphila.
3. Ixhuma isiguli umoya-mpilo iyunithi, normalizes emishinini yokuphefumula, ukuqapha ukupholisa.
4. Ukuqhuba uphethwe eziphuthumayo:

• Ukuhlola esifubeni, ekhanda, isisu, emgogodleni, izingalo nemilenze.
• Isicelo se-ipayipi ukuze esinyeni.
• Ukuxilongwa pulsations neuropathy.

5. Ukuhlolwa:

• Igazi ekunqandeni.
• Hemogram.
• Igazi iqembu kwedivayisi Isivivinyo.
• Toxicology Ukuhlolwa.

6. sonography.
7. ze-X ray.
8. ngekhompyutha tomography.

ukunakekelwa Medical e polytrauma esibhedlela

Uma isisulu alethwe esibhedlela, masinyane kufanele uqale abaqhuba Ochwepheshe. Ukulandela ukuhlaziya isiguli sikulungele ukuhlinzwa ukuze ukopha ezinzima (isib ukudabuka kwesibindi noma ubende, umonakalo semithambo kanye t. D.).

Kanyekanye ukuhlinzwa ukusiza polytrauma ephelezelwa ukwelashwa olunzulu ukushaqeka. Isiguli is injected amalungiselelo akhethekile.

Okungenzeka operation polytrauma:

• Craniotomy nge ukulimala ebuchosheni.
• ukuphathwa Steel yamanxeba zazo ukopha kakhulu.
• Ukusikwa kwamalungu omzimba.
• Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa waphuka evulekile, amalunga, imithambo yegazi, imizwa.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, isiguli wenziwa ku yokwelapha uketshezi, injongo okuyinto kulesetayelekile ukusebenza izinhlelo eziphathelene nenhliziyo zokuphefumula. Kulesigaba nesineke ukuze afeze izifundo ezifana:

• scan Yekhanda;
• -X-ray of the ukhalo, esifubeni, emzimbeni, emikhawulweni.

ukulungiswa ngokwengqondo

Abantu abaye bahlupheka enhlekeleleni, ngoba lithathelwe ngokugcwele ekuphileni emphakathini kuyadingeka ukuze kudlule sokubuyiselwa. Futhi hhayi kuphela ngokomzimba kodwa futhi ku ezingeni ngokwengqondo. ukwenza lolo shintsho kumelwe for abantu beye bancipha ikhono ukusebenza, ubudlelwano nomphakathi, amakhono ayisisekelo of Ukuzinakekela, nokunye. D. usizo kwenqondo e polytrauma kufanele kube kusuka kuzazi nasezihlotsheni lohlaselwayo. Isikhathi ukuvuselelwa ekhaya kufanele ukusiza isiguli ukuba ihlale ikhona, kodwa akunakusetshenziswa ungazami ukwenza konke ngaye. Kwenzeka ukuthi ngemva kokuba isiguli polytrauma elahlekile amakhono eziyisisekelo self-service. Inkinga omkhaya - ukuze basize owayelimele zilulame ngokushesha, kabusha sizivumelanise nokuphila.

nokuvuselelwa Psychological and social kuzomele sifake izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukufundisa Ukuzinakekela we isisulu.
• Uhlelo zokufundisa umkhaya lesiguli.
• Inhlangano zokuphila isiguli ekhaya (lithathelwe egumbini lapho umuntu ephila khona, izidingo zakhe).
• Ukufundisa ngamakhono empilo.
• Ukuqinisekisa inqubekela phambili sokuya nomphakathi.
• ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kanye nomsebenzi nge kadokotela wezengqondo.

Ongoti ohilelekile nokuvuselelwa

Nikeza usizo ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba e polytrauma babe odokotela ezifana:

• Rehabilitator.
• Udokotela wengqondo.
• Physiotherapy onguchwepheshe.
• Sezifo.
• Udokotela wamehlo.
• Isazi Sezengqondo.
• Neurologist.
• Udokotela Wezinyawo.
• Usonhlalakahle.

Izimiso inqubo ukwelashwa iziguli

1. Ukuphumelela. Ukwenza ukuxilongwa esibanzi okumelwe zenzeke ihora elingu-1 ngemuva kwesigameko.
2. Security. Ayikho zokukhwabanisa eyenziwa isiguli, akufanele kusongela ukuphila kwakhe.
3. Ngasikhathi sinye. Zonke izilinganiso zokuxilonga nokwelapha kumele kwenziwe synchronously.

ngokucacile polytrauma

Odokotela nzima ukubhekana kwabantu abaye bahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yengozi. Izici polytrauma, futhi kungakho nobunzima zimi kanje:

• Ukushoda okukhulu kwabantu isikhathi.
• Linganisa kungenzeka isisulu ezokuthutha evamile ngisho ngaphakathi esibhedlela.
• Linganisa amasu zokuxilonga nokwelapha ngenxa yokuthi isiguli njalo isikhundla lisalele, akunakwenzeka ukuba ujike.
• Quick search esiswini ukulimala, ugebhezi, esifubeni, lesisu, uphethwe okusheshayo nokuqeda izinkinga.

okutholakele

Kulesi sihloko, oyifundile mayelana impikiswano ebalulekile futhi baqonde izinto ezenzekayo ezinjalo, njengoba usizo lokuqala e sitholakele "polytrauma". Kuyini futhi ngezinga elingakanani umonakalo onjalo anikezwa, liyatholakala. Saqaphela ukuthi ukusebenza kahle, ukunemba nokubhala izenzo abasebenzi bezokwelapha evumela umuntu ukuba basinde lapho ingozi hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ukuze alulame ngokugcwele.