Polypropylene - Ukuqeda lokushisa, izakhiwo kanye nezici

Polypropylene kokuba lokuncibilika okumele makwazeke kini uma ufuna ukusebenzisa umsebenzi ngenhloso siqu, non-polar zokwenziwa polymer Thermoplastic elingelakwaJuda ekilasini polyolefins.

serekhodi

Enye polypropylene eyaziwa ngokuthi umkhiqizo we propylene polymerization. Indaba mhlophe futhi isakhiwo esiqinile. Lokhu ezihlelwa polymerization of propylene. Polymerization wenziwa khona ngaphansi kwethonya ukucindezela 10 eziphindwe, izinga lokushisa inakekelwa ngaphakathi 80 ° C.

isakhiwo yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo ne ukuma

Polypropylene, lokuncibilika zazo uzobe okuthiwa ngezansi, uhlobo ukwakheka kwama-molecule ihlukaniswe yaba ezintathu izinhlobo:

• atactic;
• syndiotactic;
• isotactic.

polypropylene Atactic - material iraba-like esesikhundleni ngezinga eliphezulu fluidity. ukuncibilika yayo Iphuzu liwukuthi 80 ° C, kanti kwabantu kuyinto 850 kg / m³. Le nto futhi elinesimo solubility okusezingeni eliphezulu e diethyl ether.

It ahluke e izici zayo kusukela polypropylene ngenhla echazwe isotactic e ukuthi unesikhathi wemfihlo eliphezulu kuyaqina, ukuminyana yayo ifinyelela ku-910 g / m³, kuyilapho lokuncibilika iphezulu kakhulu futhi zokhahlamba kusuka 165 kuya 170 ° C. Lokhu kwaziswa olumelana amakhemikhali.

izakhiwo Physico-mechanical Ukucaciswa

Polypropylene kokuba lokuncibilika okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, ezahlukene kusukela polyethylene density engezansi, okuyinto 0.91 g / cm³. Lokhu value kuvamile sepulasitiki. Kuchazwe ezibonakalayo ezengeziwe futhi liqine futhi lisithinte ngokwengeziwe, kuboniswa ukuthi it has a ukumelana nokuhuzuka.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, polypropylene, ukushisa ukumelana, ngoba iqala ukuthambisa lapho izinga lokushisa ifinyelela 140 ° C. Amazinga ukuncibilika kuyinto 175 ° C, ngaphezu kwalokho, indaba kakhulu bangaveziwe agcizelele yokugqwala. Ukukhanya kwe-polypropylene ukumelana njengoba oxygen. Isingeniso isimame kwehlisa nokuzwela nakakhulu.

Polypropylene kokuba lokuncibilika ungase ube nentshisekelo, uma uhlela ukusebenzisa le nto, uma welulela ngeke iziphatha ngendlela ehlukile kuye lokushisa nomthwalo isicelo isivinini. I ephansi izinga esisuka, aba maningi ukubaluleka izakhiwo lokukhanda. Eqine breaking ukucindezeleka kuhluka 250 kuya 400 kgf / cm², kuyilapho nokunwebeka ngesikhathi sekhefu kuyinto 200 kuya ku-800%.

Iphuzu ukuncibilika polypropylene ishidi, eye okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, akuyona kuphela isici okuyinto unesithakazelo abathengi yangasese. Ngezinye izikhathi ukhathazekile wemfihlo kakhudlwana futhi flexural. Esimeni samanje ingahluka 6700 kuya 11900 kgf. Lapho isivuno iphuzu ukunwebeka okulingana 10-20%. amandla Impact nge notch kuyinto 33-80 kgf cm / cm². Brinell ubulukhuni kuyinto 6-6.5 kg / mm².

sphere kwesicelo

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-polypropylene abaningi. Indaba esetshenziswa ukwenza amafilimu lapha zihlanganisa izinhlobo emaphaketheni. Phakathi kweminye imikhiqizo kubalulekile ukwaba:

• izikhwama;
• amapayipi;
• izinkomishi plastic;
• emaphaketheni;
• imininingwane imishini yezobuchwepheshe;
• zasendlini izimpahla;
• nangokuvikela impahla;
• okungezona nokwelukiweyo Indwangu.

Esikhathini ukwakhiwa kwe-polypropylene futhi sebusakazekele, lapho isetshenziselwa vibration futhi umsindo ngabodwa iphansi, kanye izinhlelo ukuthi sokuxazulula kubuchwepheshe "phansi ezintantayo". Lapho polypropylene is copolymerized nge ethylene, copolymer non-crystallizable ingatholakala. Kungaba abonise izici iraba, enokumelana sokuguga futhi ine okusezingeni eliphezulu chemical ukumelana.

Ukuze ukushisa kanye vibration kabanzi polypropylene esinwebiwe. Amazinga ukuncibilika ishidi polypropylene okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, Nokho, lesi akusona isici kuphela ukuthi kufanele sibe nesithakazelo ngaphambi kokuthenga imikhiqizo kulokhu kwaziswa. Kufanele uqaphele ukuthi polypropylene enwetshiwe azifane kakhulu izakhiwo kuya Foam polyethylene. Kodwa EPS ungayithola enye zokuhlobisa iphrofayela extrusion kwe-polypropylene ukunwetshwa. Ukuze kokuvala, ezinengilazi komgwaqo, ukwakhiwa anamathelayo, mastics namafilimu okunamathelayo evame ukusetshenziswa polypropylene atactic. Ububanzi polypropylene eRussia lezwakala kanje:

• 38% - iziqukathi;
• 30% - ngentambo;
• 18% - ifilimu;
• 6% - amapayipi;
• 5% - polypropylene amashidi;
• 3% - Okunye.

I ukuma kwe-polypropylene amapayipi

Iphuzu ukuncibilika polypropylene amapayipi - ungomunye walabo izici, okuyinto evame kakhulu nesithakazelo umthengi yesimanje. Lokhu kwaziswa iqala ukuthambisa at 140 ° C ngenkathi ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga - 175 ° C. Inketho zokugcina - kuba nezinga lokushisa elizosetshenziswa kule umusi esishisa bhé. Uma sicabangela le nombolo, i-polypropylene ingasetshenziswa yiluphi uhlelo alondoloze nemithombo yamanzi ngawo amanzi zithutha nge lokushisa ezinqumela okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Kodwa izinto zilula ngakho kule ndaba cha. I ductility uba nokunye okwengeziwe material. Polypropylene ngesikhathi sekhefu ine ukunwebeka okuyinto kuyahlukahluka esezingeni 200 kuya ku-800%. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uma ipayipi zizothinteka isisindo ezithile ke umkhiqizo uzobe enwetshiwe ku ngamapayipi eside, bese evala.

Ukuphothula: ubunjalo polypropylene

I izakhiwo polypropylene, izici ubunjalo le nto kuzokuvumela ukuthola lokho ndawo engcono yokuyisebenzisa. polypropylene Isotactic manje uthathwa njengoba ethandwa kakhulu embonini. Lokhu kungenxa izici ezihlukahlukene impahla, isimo ekhethekile lapho amaqembu emibi CH3, elise engavamile maqondana iketango main. sphere okunjalo kuchazwe izimfanelo eziyisisekelo kufanele zabelwe phakathi kwabo: ikhono ukugcina ezakheke ngamazinga ashisa kakhulu, ubulukhuni futhi amandla aphezulu.