Passenger izindiza "Boeing-727": izithombe, izincazelo, ukubuyekezwa

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-60-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule, indiza "Boeing-727" owokuqala wathatha ukuba isibhakabhaka. Le modeli kwaba imodeli wesibili kanye lokugcina iqembu, okuyinto wathola isakhiwo trimotored. Kakade imodeli elilandelayo - 737 - kwaba indawo injini, okuyinto kungabonwa cishe njalo airliner yesimanje - kwi pylons ngaphansi kwamaphiko.

Imodeli weza ekuphenduleni ngesicelo esiphathiswa liner encane ukonga, angasetshenziswa ku-short-hola naphakathi-hola izindiza. Nokho, okokuqala, yokuthengisa babempofu. Kwaba umbono ezivamile ngisho phakathi abathwali, kungcono uthenge esetshenziswa / y 707, ngaphandle entsha 727. Kwaze kwaba radical soshintsho ekuthuthukiseni. Imodeli entsha uvezwa 1967. Flight futhi Ukucaciswa zihlala zinjalo, ngaphandle eyodwa ipharamitha. Indiza, ikhodi-okuthiwa "i-Boeing-727-200", kwaba umthamo yesithathu ngaphezu sibonelo.

Indiza ne izinjini ezintathu

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi isixazululo we izinjini ezintathu ngesikhathi ezingemuva fuselage bekugcwele ejwayelekile ye umkhakha izindiza kanye "Boeing 'Bashiya canons ezivamile kakhulu babezifaka engozini. Ilungiselelo elinjalo etholwe samuntu izindiza American, ukuthatha okungenani imodeli MD-10 (11), manje sikhululiwe "McDonnel Douglas '. Isetshenziselwa eSoviet zezindiza umkhakha.

"Boeing-727" futhi "TU-154 '(izithombe ezingenhla) ningabafowabo bomunye nomunye ngaphandle nibonakala kubantu nilungile abangamawele. Bobabili baye trimotored ilungiselelo, zonke izinjini kuthiwa sicindezelwe ngokumelene ezingemuva fuselage. Top eline emoyeni itheku elise phambi keel, enye amabili - ezinhlangothini. izici ezivamile angafakwa ohlwini isikhathi eside, kodwa kukhona omunye umehluko. "Boeing" izindiza eyakhelwe ngaphansi imiyalo yakhe eziningana izindiza US, futhi 727 isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko emizileni yasekhaya. Yebo, ingxenye izindiza wathenga ezinye yezinkampani, kodwa ngenxa yezimo ezithile, ikakhulu indiza landizela on States ne-Alaska kuphela.

Incazelo nezici

Ngaphandle izinjini etholakala engxenyeni ezingemuva "Boeing-727" Kungenzeka ukuziqhayisa ezinye izici zayo izindiza yanamuhla ayisasetshenziswa. Ecwebezelayo kakhulu kwaba umnyango. Esikhathini onobuhle lokuqala ekhiqizwa ngaphambi 1967, kwakukhona amabili kuphela. Omunye - ngakwesobunxele, nje ngemuva abanikeze asebenza nabo. On isikhundla sesibili kakhulu ukuthonywa abasebenzisi esizayo - izindiza. Umnyango emhlane, ngaphansi keel, ngaleyo ndlela isicupho lalo. Lakhe lokulawula ukususwa hydraulics indiza. Le isixazululo bavunyelwe ukusebenza imodeli nangezindlela ezincane, zezindiza kancane asetshenziswe.

Njengoba indiza yasungulwa, kokuba kakade amakhasimende athile, emisha bhá yesibili kwakunguDodayi amaphiko. Izinkampani kungaba ukwazi ukusebenzisa liner e zezindiza ezincane zezindiza ezincane. Kunenkinga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, injini ukusebenza elikhulu luzuzwe ephakeme sihamba ngesivinini esiphelele. Ngakolunye - isiqeshana esifushane unqabela kokwehla ngesivinini. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimfuneko kokubili, iphiko kufanele abe nezici ezithile. Injini khona ngaphansi kube nzima ukwenza yonke imisebenzi ayabelwe, ngenxa baze bashukumiseleka ukuba ezingemuva.

isakhiwo sangaphakathi "Boeing-727" kwaba indinganiso owodwa yezinto hlobo. Ikhasimende lokuzikhethela of izixazululo ezimbili. Noma omunye umnotho - izihlalo 6 emgqeni nge inani abagibeli 190, noma inani kuyehla kube 140, kodwa indiza kuyoba amakilasi amabili - ibhizinisi (4 izihlalo ilandelana) kanye nomnotho.

cardinal ukwa

ngemuva kokuqala yokuthengisa lonjiniyela Eminyakeni embalwa kwadingeka ngishintshe iphrojekthi. Umphumela ibilokhu kululwa fuselage ngu 6 amamitha ngokufaka amabhlogo amabili phambi imitha emithathu-eside nangemuva amaphiko. Njengoba sazi ukuthi lokhu akuzange kwaholela ekutheni izikhulu zibonise ukwanda ethize ezindlekweni yesondlo, isimo sesishintshile, futhi "Boeing-727" Lesi esinye sezenzakalo izindiza ethengiswa kakhulu kunazo zonke ngaleso sikhathi.

ukulungiswa

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka incazelo ukulungiswa, siphawula ukuthi izinguquko ezinkulu, ngaphandle isandiso ngenhla echazwe, indiza emlandweni walo oneminyaka engu-20, cishe wahlupheka. Mhlawumbe ibangelwa ukuthi langena emakethe ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa (njengoba ibizwa manje) 737. Mhlawumbe iphutha lokuphelelwa yisikhathi.

Isizukulwane sokuqala ukuba ukucubungula wethiwa igama elithi "i-Boeing 727-100". Ngesisekelo mthandazo oyisibonelo, sakhululwa izinguqulo ezintathu ezengeziwe:

• F - loli elihlanzekile. Umehluko phakathi kwale ukuguqulwa kwaba esikhulu (2x3) wezimpahla umnyango ngaphezu babeka phansi design eziyisisekelo.
• C - Umfelandawonye. Uma lesi sici yikhono ngokushesha recompose. Ikhasimende amabutho siqu ngenye noma luyingxenye wezimpahla noma emnothweni.
• QF - Lolu khetho kwezentengiselwano kukhiqizwa. Kwakuwusuku ejwayelekile wezimpahla izindiza, ehlome kuphela izinjini "-Rolls-Royce".

Eyesibili isizukulwane - Inguqulo 200 - ngaphezu luyingxenye umgibeli wathola ongakhetha eziningana ezengeziwe:

• F - izinguqulo iloli-based 200 zathathwa ingqikithi izicucu 15.
• 727-200A - lekhodi sitholwa izindiza ebangeni elide. Ngaphezu okwandisa fuel umthamo, lokhu imodeli has a isakhiwo kwagcizelela, izinjini ezinamandla kakhudlwana nge wagxila reversers, imishini emisha. Libuye lwentando zonke Series 200 izindiza baba ngaphezulu umgibeli umnyango, afakwa phrojekthi.

Nangu line ndiza, "Boeing-727". 800 onobuhle-lokuqala isizukulwane, futhi ezingaphezu kuka-1000 - enguqulweni 200A.

idatha yomsebenzi osizayo

Ukuhlola kafushane izinkomba lobuchwepheshe indiza:

• Namaphiko - 33 amamitha.
• Area - 157 square metres. m.
• Ukuphakama (umsila) - 10.5 m.
• fuselage ububanzi - 3,76 m.
• Ubude - 47 m.
• Sihamba ngesivinini esiphelele - 965 km / h.
• Ceiling - 12 2000 m.
• Flight ububanzi - 4020 km (for the 200A version).

Eceleni yisho izinjini. Isivumelwano nenkampani "Rolls Royce", lapho isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, zonke izindiza wathola ezintathu injini ezifanayo kusukela "Pratt futhi Whitney." Aircraft lokuqala isizukulwane etholwe nge imodeli wagxila 14 kN. Machines imodeli 200th ikunika ithuba ezintathu angakhetha ukuzenza. Izinjini eyenziwe yinkampani efanayo, kodwa babe izifiso ukuba kN + 17 ungasebenza izindlela eziningana.

Ukusebenzisa liner

Ukuthuthukiswa indiza kwenziwa ngaphansi oda ethize US izindiza, futhi iningi izindiza ngaphandle kwe-Nyakatfo Melika ngeke ushiye. Noma kunjalo, eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-zokukhiqiza 20, "Boeing-727" ephethwe ukuvakashela wonke amagumbi wonke. Indiza wathenga hhayi kuphela e-United States - wayesebenza emigceni, nakwamanye amazwe. In the 80s maphakathi ukukhiqizwa ishintshiwe imodeli 737. Ukundiza lokugcina indiza wenza yezindiza liveried emazweni ampofu-Latin American nase-Asia.

Ezweni lazo - US - wandizisa ku-sisekelo izindiza inkampani eyodwa encane kuze 2008. Khona-ke kwathiwa yimali futhi izindiza (e inani yizicucu 16) esivunyelwe kwensimbi. Ngokusho idatha esemthethweni, e okufanayo 2008 kwakungasekho ezindizeni, ezingaphezu kuka-500 we icishe 2,000 esikhishwe ngesikhathi esifanele. Bonke eziguqulelwa F-nguqulo nomgibeli traffic kuthiwa ayisasetshenziswa.

Izibuyekezo

Ukuqedela isithombe kufanele abhale Izibuyekezo ezimbalwa eziseBhayibhelini zalabo sathola ithuba ukubamba indiza. Qaphela ukuthi ngisho e-Union okwamanje kusenzima ukuthutha abagibeli.

Esikhathini ukubuyekeza, kuyathakazelisa ukuqhathanisa nomzalwane isiRashiya, ekhumbula njalo ukuthi akukho ongakhetha newfangled kule minyaka zokukhiqiza, izindiza wayengekho. ukuguga emakiwe umshini, kukhona ukufana phakathi kwakhe esiku i "Ikarus" ubudala. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona funny ngempela uma iqhathaniswa '737 ". Kodwa nakuba iminyaka yokuqala engu-737 futhi yakhululwa kokuqala zokukhiqiza kwesizukulwane sama liner echazwe yesibili, kwaba umshini ezahlukene ngokuphelele ingaphakathi ezahlukene, ukugcwaliswa kuvuselelwe, futhi itshe engenile lekusasa okukhulu.

Naphezu kwazo zonke lezi yokuntula, izinkampani odumile wahlanganyela ukulethwa wezimpahla, indiza wanelisa.

isiphetho

Thina kafushane yayithinta kakhulu izici lobuchwepheshe indiza "Boeing-727". Izithombe ezingenhla, ukukhumbuza ummeleli eSoviet izindiza umkhakha. Yakhelwe e liner Tupolev baba cishe lomthala American. Kodwa ukuvela - akuzona zonke, into ukusebenza zezindiza. "Boeing-727" abaxoshwa ngaso ezulwini, nenkambiso entsha iqembu eponymous. okufushane isiRashiya, uma unakekelwa kahle, usasebenza. Akukhona inkomba best of the umehluko phakathi imishini ifuna efanayo?