Orphan: amalungelo kanye nokwesekwa. Ezezindlu izintandane

Ngeshwa, ezweni lakithi kukhona izingane eziningi okuthi ngasizathu noma enye ungenayo abazali. Kulesi sihloko ngifuna ukukhuluma ngalokho amalungelo ingane intandane ubani onomthwalo ukuqaliswa yabo.

Umqondo

Okokuqala kuba isiqiniseko lokunquma imiqondo esemqoka, okuyinto ezosebenza kuso sonke lesi sihloko. Ngakho, ake sibone ukuthi ubani okufanele ibizwe ngokuthi uyintandane. Lezi izingane abangazange sebethole yobudala, isb. E. engu-18 ubudala, futhi obazali bakhe (oyedwa noma bobabili) baye bafa. Nokho, zikhona izingane lisale ukunakekelwa kwabazali. Lesi sigaba bangase bahlanganise labo izingane ezinabazali musa ukufeza imithwalo yabo yemfanelo ngasizathu simbe (ukuboshwa, ukunyamalala, ukwelashwa izikhungo ekhethekile, nokunye. D.) Noma bancishwa amalungelo sabazali. Lena akuyona uyintandane. Musa ukudida le miqondo emibili.

nokuqashwa

Siyabonga ubani ingane intandane bangase babe nomuzwa wokuthi amalungelo abo avikelekile? Ukwenza lokhu imizimba ekhethekile isimo. Ngakho, kuzoba:

• sivikelwe futhi Trusteeship;
• Ministry of Social Ukuvikelwa;
• ikhomishana izindaba engamahlongandlebe;
• Ombudsman for Children.

Kumele ukuthi imisebenzi zonke lezi masevisi eduze elandelayo ehhovisi lomshushisi, eqhuba kokuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Abantu abangafuni ukufeza izabelo zabo, kufanele bajeziswe ngokomthetho.

amalungelo neziqinile

Ngakho, yimaphi amalungelo owenza ingane uyintandane? Kuthiwa bahlukene ngezigaba ezimbili: ezingokoqobo futhi angaphatheki (ilungelo lokuthola imfundo, ezokungcebeleka, umsebenzi, njll ...). Ngokuqondene ingxenye ingane konke ababekudinga ukuze ukhona, khona-ke unelungelo ukukhulula yokuhlala ezikhungweni yokuhlala, kanye ongakhokheli umsoco. Futhi, kabili ngonyaka, ingane kumele ahlolwe ngokugcwele wezokwelapha. Isimo ubophekile ukuba unike ngomphumela ogcwele lezi izingane izingubo futhi wonke lamakhono abalulekile ukuze ukufunda izinto. Futhi lapho kukhululwa esikoleni boarding anelungelo ethile idivayisi zokuphila kwakhe. Okubalulekile ukuthi kungaba yokuthi izintandane kufanele ukhokhelwe umsebenzi kwenziwa phakathi i-internship noma umsebenzi. Futhi abafundi begibela anelungelo travel khulula on izithuthi zomphakathi (ngaphandle amatekisi), bangathethelelwa amathikithi khulula kuya ezihlukahlukene izikhungo zezempilo nasemakamu impilo. Futhi-ke, ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-ingane boarding intandane unelungelo lokuthola khulula zezindlu zomphakathi.

incorporeal kwesokudla

Izingane eziyizintandane, futhi linebanga amalungelo angaphatheki. Eyokuqala unelungelo lemfundo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane, yini okwakudingeka isimo sakhe, kumele athole imfundo ephezulu agcwele (kuhlanganise boarding). Futhi, uma ukungena ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme, izingane ezinjalo anelungelo izifundo zokuqeqesha, bona kube nezinzuzo zako phezu kwezinye izingane (ngesikhathi yokwemukela). Kufanele ukuthi izingane eziyizintandane ukuthola imfundo ephakeme khulula kwazo imbozwe isimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, anelungelo umfundaze ekhethekile, kungakhathaliseki izilinganiso. Yini enye eningayenza shayela ilungelo nezintandane? Yiqiniso, ilungelo ukusebenza. Lingasho ukuthini? Citizen ngubani okokuqala ukufuna umsebenzi futhi ezibhaliswe ne-service umsebenzi, unelungelo lokuthola ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyisithupha ukusesha komholo emphakathini. Uma emsebenzini, lapho intandane usebenza, kukhona ukwehliswa, umqashi ubophekile ukuba kabusha kufundiswe amalungu abasebenzi ukuqhubeka ukuhlela okukhethekile yakhe endaweni olusha lomsebenzi.

Ilungelo izindlu

Qiniseka ukuthi izintandane banelungelo lokuba nezindlu, okuyinto iphoqelekile ukuba inikeze ukuba isimo. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu iziqiniseko nomphakathi ukuthi inikeza lesi labantu. Nokho, namuhla, zikhona umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama emthethweni, okuyinto, ngasizathu simbe, waba kancane washintsha.

Izinguquko emithethweni

Pho namuhla enikeziwe yokukhosela izintandane? Uma kwakudingeka aphume kuyithuba Mogi khulula amavidyo square ngaphansi inkontileka ka nokuqashwa zenhlalo ngokushesha ngemuva kokushiya izindonga izikhungo ezahlukene zemfundo (kanye ekupheleni elidinga isijeziso inkonzo yezempi nokunye. D.), Kodwa namuhla ngakho ayilula kangako. Umthetho ezinye izichibiyelo futhi izinguquko ezenziwe ukuze lula inqubo yokuthola impahla abantu abanjalo. Uma izintandane ngaphambili ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthola ukuthi ezimeleyo isikhala sakhe ephilayo, namuhla akunakwenzeka. square metres ikhishwa ngaphansi inkontileka yekucasha ezikhethekile kufika eminyakeni engu-5. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama: wezindlwezi awukwazi ukuthatha, ukuthengisa, uthumele ifa abanye abantu, ukushintsha futhi ezimeleyo.

Izizathu izinguquko

Kungani-ke bonke ngakho waphenduka, ngayiphi injongo Kuye kwenziwa izinguquko ezinjalo? Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu ngokuvamile, okuyizona izintandane, zibancishe emizini yabo ngenxa yokungabi nokuhlangenwe nakho, intsha, ukuthatheka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi yobuwula. Futhi base bebuyela athi umphakathi khulula square metres. Ukuze ugweme izimo ezinjalo, futhi ushintsho oluthile zenziwe. Manje uyintandane akasiyena umnikazi egcwele emagcekeni lapho isela lihlala khona, futhi ngenxa yalokho bakwazi ukwenza kwakhe ezinye zokukhwabanisa, ngenxa okungase ukushiywa mgwaqo.

Ubani zinikezwa izindlu

Qaphela ukuthi base Russian izintandane omkhulu kangangokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthi uhlinzeka ngazo zonke indawo okuhlalwa. Ngakho, kukhona uhlu lalabo isimo anganikeza amavidyo square ukuze baziphilise. It izintandane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-23 ubudala noma ngaphezulu abangazange kwake unikezwe izindlu. Noma kunjalo, akudingeki ukuba adubule kwenye indlu noma amalungu omkhaya kuqashwa (isibonelo, uma uyintandane got entsha, vele umndeni wakhe). Futhi banelungelo lokuba nezindlu nezingane - izintandane yezenhlalakahle (akuzona zonke, izigaba ezikhethekile), okuyinto, lapho abazali besaphila ngaphandle ukwesekwa.

Okudingayo i lokuphila isikhala?

Kuthiwa iziphathimandla sivikelwe unohlu izintandane ngubani ekufanele zihlinzekwe izindlu. Uma leyo ngane izokwazi uyintandane ithi square metres yomphakathi, kuzodingeka uqale ukuthola ukuthi yena kulolu hlu. Omunye caveat: uhlu uthole ngokuzenzakalela izingane waphenduka engu-14 ubudala; uma yintandane engaphezu kwengu-18 ubudala, kwakufanele abhale isitatimende eyabo. Ukuze iphepha futhi kudingeka unamathisele iqoqo imibhalo:

• isitifiketi sokuzalwa;
• ikhophi ipasipoti;
• amakhophi amadokhumende, okuyinto ukuqinisekisa ngokugcwele ukuthi ingane uyintandane.

umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama

Kukhona futhi ezimweni lapho izingane eziyizintandane, kodwa ngemva kwabo izindlu, fixed okuyinto Nokho, abakwazi ukuphila. Esimweni esinjalo futhi kuyadingeka ukuhambisa amaphepha afanele. Kube nakanjani kuyodingeka ikhophi izinqumo yasenkantolo maqondana yokuthi ingane abakwazi ukuphila endaweni. Izizathu zalokhu kungaba ukuphila ezimbalwa:

• Ukungafani izindlu amazinga sanitary;
• abahlala lapho abantu abaphethwe izifo ezinzima okungamahlalakhona (Ihlahlubo yezokwelapha);
• ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento nokuhlalisana esekelwe imiphumela yalo myalo kweminyango.

Kudingeka nokuba bakwazi ukunikeza nge technical ipasipoti izakhiwo kanye mhlawumbe isitifiketi sokubhalisa isimo.

Nini futhi kuphi?

Lapho ibizwa nokunikezela usekelo izintandane, uma ingane idinga indawo yokuhlala? Ngakho, kungenzeka ukuthi amavidyo square anikezwe kuze kube yobudala, uma umuntu usezuze umthamo elisemthethweni. Futhi emva ingane ushiye indawo yokufunda, lapho wanikwa yokuhlala. Yimiphi imithetho akhethiwe izindlu izintandane? Kuye ukuzimisela izintandane, ingase enikeziwe:

• indawo yokuhlala;
• ukuhlonza Primary endaweni ethile (lapho ingane efika uhlu esitokisini);
• esekelwe indawo wezemfundo, okuyinto eseqedile ingane intandane;
• endaweni yokuqashwa;
• indawo imikhaya aphethe.

yezimfuneko izindlu

Kuyadingeka ukuthi izintandane kufanele anikwe zezindlu onazo zonke nezindinganiso zempilo. Ngakho, kungaba noma indlu noma ifulethi, nezinye izinhlobo zezindawo awavunyelwe ukuhlala. Ezezindlu kumele landscaped (hhayi okubi kakhulu ukwedlula kamasipala izindawo, emadolobheni, emaphandleni). Kube kufanele waphawula ukuthi eziningi square metres, okuthiwa umuntu ngoba ekuphileni okuvamile. Akwamukeleki nalapho kufaka ukuthi efulethini kwaba egumbini elingaphansi noma ekamelweni elisophahleni, endaweni agugile noma eyingozi ukuze uhlale ekhaya. Kuyefana nasendleleni indlu ehlukene - akumelwe ibe isimo esiyingozi.