Omnkantsha ukufakelwa - usiza abanye ngesandla

Ukufakelwa of umnkantsha, isimiso, kuyinto yokumelapha empeleni esasisesisha - kodwa ingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukwelapha izifo ngaphambilini aselapheki. Kusukela kuqala yimpumelelo umnkantsha ukufakelwa ngo-1968, le nqubo isetjentiswe ekwelapheni wegazi (umdlavuza wegazi), anaemia aplastic, lymphoma, myeloma amaningi, amasosha omzimba sina zempilo, ngisho ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza (umdlavuza webele noma umdlavuza wesibeletho).

Iziguli utshalwe okuthiwa hematopoietic stem cells ezitholakala enempilo womuntu umnkantsha - ethize hematopoietic izicubu elise yena, e amathambo asemzimbeni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi iningi umnkantsha iqukethwe sternum, ukhalo nomgogodla. Ukufakelwa of hematopoietic stem cells kungenxa yokuthi la mangqamuzana "landulelwa elithi" zonke egazi nasemasosheni omzimba womuntu. Ngisho noma ukufakelwa uyabekezela esincane hematopoietic stem cells, bona usazokwazi ukubuyisa ngokugcwele inqubo hematopoiesis nasemasosheni omzimba.

Umnkantsha transplantation - inqubo angasetshenziswa ukwelapha umdlavuza njengoba ebulilini kakhulu ejenti chemotherapeutic ikakhulukazi futhi, kwezinye izimo, emisebeni enemisebe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa njalo eyaziwa futhi kahle ebhubhisa umnkantsha esiguli, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izimiso, akunakwenzeka, kusukela Umzimba ulahlekelwa ikhono layo ukhiqize amangqamuzana esibalulekile legazi elibomvu. Nokho, uma emva kokwelashwa emzimbeni lesiguli ufake umnkantsha enempilo, kungenzeka ukuba esikhundleni umnkantsha futhi ubuyisele ikhono umzimba lesiguli egazi. Ngokuqondene nalokhu, umnkantsha transplantation by yokwelapha ephezulu uvumele ukwelapha umdlavuza lapho ngemithamo ongaphakeme kukhona alunamsebenzi, siyini isizathu ukufakelwa umnkantsha.

Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-umnkantsha Ukufakelwa: autologous futhi allogeneic. Lapho allogeneic ukufakelwa usebenzisa umnkantsha lomunye umuntu, ngenkathi autologous - nezakhe. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukufakelwa kwezitho autologous akuyona, empeleni, "ukufakelwa" ngomqondo leligama kweqiniso, futhi imithombo eminingana kungenziwa ngokuthi "ukusekela umnkantsha transplantation."

Inselele ngaphambi kokususwa umnkantsha, ukuthola iqukethe hematopoietic amaseli. Ilungiselela ukufakelwa umnkantsha iqala umnkantsha esibuya kocingo, okuyinto, ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa olunzulu, esuswa amathambo femoral we donor, noma ubani angase, zivaliwe futhi agcinwe kuze ukusetshenziswa. Khona-ke, emva kokuphothulwa nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe kuhlangene, noma eyenziwa ngaphandle umnkantsha yethulwa libuyiselwa emzimbeni okuthiwa "ukuvuza indlela". Lokhu kufana igazi. Utshalwe umnkantsha emgudwini wegazi ukhiphela ngomzimba, bese zibekwe izimbotshana amathambo, lapho iqala ekukhuleni kwayo okwalandela futhi, esikhathini eside, inqubo hematopoiesis kubuyiselwa.

Uma isiguli waba nenhlanhla, konke kwahamba kahle futhi babanjwe ubuchopho, nesineke, ngokulandelana, uyalulama. Kodwa akubona bonke ngakho kamnandi! Isiguli kusongelwa yizinto ezimbili. Okokuqala, kukhona njalo amathuba ukwenqaba umzimba milisa. Nalokhu ungakwazi ukuphatha, abacindezela izivikeli mzimba ngemithi enamandla. Eyesibili eyingozi Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinyanga 2-3 postoperative isiguli empeleni kwesokunxele ngaphandle koxhumano izivikeli mzimba. Kungaba yingozi lapho iphuzwa ngokweqile noma ukutheleleka kancane, yingakho, njengoba besho, ukuze ugweme, isiguli ibekwe ewadini ekhethekile izinyathelo ukuvikelwa ngokukhethekile, lapho behlukene nezwe elingaphandle lonke yokutakula isikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Nokho, ngisho nangemva ukukhululwa esibhedlela kudingeka ziqashwe kwezempilo lesiguli, futhi yena, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho njalo ukuze ngiyohlolwa. I evamile Immune Reconstitution elandelayo ukufakelwa kuthatha cishe ngonyaka, kodwa Ukuwohloka isimo lesiguli zempilo kungaba isidingo ephezulu rehospitalization.