Non-intengo izici ezithinta lo funa nezimo zezimakethe

Market - umqondo global, okuyinto akanayo definition olulodwa futhi icacile. theorists abaningi kwezomnotho uzamile ukuthola isiqu ephelele ukuthi obungenza ibonisa ngokugcwele okushiwo eside, kodwa isiphetho engcono kungaba ukwanelisa zonke, ngakho kwavela muntu. Kodwa kukhona okuthile esihlanganisa zonke lezi ososayensi. Ngamunye wabo wagomela ngokuthi isimo emakethe is akha ngokuphelele non-intengo izici isidingo izimpahla nezinkonzo.

Phakathi nekhulu le-nesishiyagalolunye VI Dahl ichaza emakethe kuphela njengendawo ukudayisa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi izinto eziningi ziye zashintsha ekusebenzeni emkhakheni kwezomnotho imisebenzi njengoba umuntu kanye nasezweni lonke. izichazamazwi kwezomnotho kwakamuva okungaphezu kwalokho futhi anikeze notation elandelayo: emakethe - kungcono zonke ubudlelwane kwezomnotho, okuyizinto ezihlobene ne ngempahla noma amasevisi, kanye ukuphethwa ngezivumelwano zohwebo. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana ososayensi ukuchaza njengethuba abstract, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, esikhaleni sangempela, ingaphakathi ezingabuyiselwa intengo izici ezithinta ngokufunwa, kuhambisana Izilawuli ngentengo. Futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba isiphakamiso, ebalwa kubo bonke yezimpahla nezinkonzo, kuhlanganise i-inhloko-dolobha, abasebenzi kanye umhlaba. Kulesi Isikhala sihlanganisa izindlela ukuxhumana phakathi umthengi kanye nomdayisi, enquma nemibandela ukudayiswa emakethe.

Kuye umbandela ngezigaba ihlukanisa lezi izimakethe:

1. Ngu ukuthengisa izinto: izinto zokusetshenziswa, amathuluzi kanye nemithombo, ukukhiqizwa, ingcebo, ezidayiswayo kanye nezinsizakalo, emisha, lwemali nezinto zokuhloba.
2. Esikalini insimu ehlanganiswa: zonal, emhlabeni wonke, lesifunda kanye ezifuywayo, lwangaphandle ukuze izwe ngabanye.
3. Ngokusho uhlobo ivolumu yokuthengisa: okudayisa kanye wholesale.
4. Kuye ezingeni wokuncintisana: okuxekethile (yemincintiswane), ivaliwe (ayitholwa) oligopolistic kanye esinakho mncintiswano. Ngo zimakethe, umthelela non-intengo izici bayindlala.
5. Ngokusho ezingeni ukugcwaliswa ngezimpahla nezinsizakalo: le ngokweqile, zilingana futhi zimbalwa.
6. On the umbandela ukuhambisana nomthetho wamanje: okusemthethweni nokungemthetho, okungukuthi wesihlahla.

Kuze kube manje, emakethe kuwuhlobo inhlangano ukusebenza ngempumelelo kohlelo social umnotho kuleli nemibandela ekukhiqizweni lezimpahla, elikwaziyo ukunikeza ukuxhumana egcwele ukukhiqizwa futhi ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokusabalalisa ngokulingana izinsiza eziyindlala ukuze kuzuze abanikazi ukukhiqiza kanye nemali.

Sesiyazi ukuthi indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa funa emakethe non-intengo izici - funa kuphela futhi abathengisi ukunikeza, futhi yileyo ndlela izimpahla okuningi namasevisi abakhiqizi Ungabeka emakethe ngamanani linqoba. Lezi imiqondo usebenza ngabanye noma amafemu, njengoba bahlaziya imikhiqizo ekhona kuzo zonke izimakethe zezwe kanye nesidingo amakhasimende abo?

Ukwenza lokhu Macroeconomics wethula into ezifana okungezona intengo izici ukunikezela aggregate funa. Bazimisele izinguquko ezingeni kwezobuchwepheshe zokukhiqiza kuleli zwe, inani abasebenzisi umkhiqizo, abantu emhlabeni wonke amanani isisetshenziswa ezingeni futhi isimo ezimakethe zasekhaya kuyo yonke imikhakha. Okungukuthi, lezi zibalo musa ukumela isimo sangaphakathi umnotho, futhi embule isimo jikelele zonke ukuphathwa izingxenye yangaphakathi isiyonke. Yiziphi lezi zigaba kwezomnotho zihlukile kulezo okuye kubhekwe ngaphambi? Kulula kabi -netsenovye funa ezinquma inani isevisi kanye nemikhiqizo yimuphi umthengi abakwaziyo ukuthenga emakethe othize. Ngokwesibonelo, kungase kube Honda imoto emakethe, kodwa funa aggregate kuyakuba izimpawu inani izimoto ukuthi abathengi bafuna ukuthenga ezweni (kungakhathaliseki brand).