Nezindlala wokugaya ukudla: lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti

Ingabe akwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi: "Bala indlala wokugaya ukudla yomuntu"? Uma ungabaza mayelana impendulo ngqo, khona-ke i-athikili yethu ukuphi.

ngezigaba nezindlala

I nezindlala kukhona izitho ekhethekile secrete izinto eziphila abakhuthele - enzyme. Ziyakwazi yelikhono begazi ukuthi asheshise inqubo zamakhemikhali, kodwa akufakiwe lichaza ekwakheni imikhiqizo yayo. Babuye ngokuthi izimfihlo.

Hlukanisa indlala yangaphakathi, yangaphandle futhi okuxubile uketshezi. Ukukhululwa sokuqala izimfihlo igazi. Ngokwesibonelo, le ndlala pituitary esemgwaqweni base zobuchopho, lwati ozokusebenzisa, elawula inqubo. Futhi nezindlala adrenal secrete adrenaline. Le into esiza deal umzimba nge izinkinga zayo ezicindezelayo ngokulala yekwatisa wonke amabutho ayo. Kwamanyikwe kuyinto edidayo. It yenza amahomoni abikwe egazini futhi ngqo ngaphakathi komgodi kwezitho zangaphakathi (ngokukhethekile, isisu).

nezindlala wokugaya ukudla ezifana salivary futhi isibindi, kukhona nezindlala exocrine. Kubantu, nabo zihlanganisa izinyembezi, ubisi, umjuluko kanye nabanye.

Isimiso somuntu indlala wokugaya ukudla

Lezi izitho secrete enzyme ukuthi sokudiliza izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi eziphilayo zibe elula, okuyinto ezingase zimuncwe uhlelo wokugaya ukudla. Kudlulwa pheshana, abaphukile amaprotheni phansi ama-amino acid, carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi - ukuze lipids elula - ukuze fatty acid kanye glycerol. Le nqubo ngeke lisetshenziswe by mechanical okulungisa ukudla esebenzisa amazinyo. Kungaba kuphela ukwenza nezindlala wokugaya ukudla. Cabangela lo mshini wezenzo zabo ngaphezulu.

nezindlala salivary

indlala Okokuqala wokugaya ukudla izindawo indlela - a salivary. Kubantu, kukhona imibhangqwana emithathu: i parotid, submandibular, sublingual. Ngemva ukuxhumana ukudla ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo noma ngisho nalapho ngesimo ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo uqala salivate. Kuyinto kungekho nto enemibala emihle ketshezi muco-ingcina. It yakhiwa amanzi, enzyme isikhwehlela - mucin. Amathe alesi sinambuzane ukusabela kancane ane-alikhali. I lysozyme enzyme uyakwazi iwukudambisa Amagciwane kanye amanxeba we mucosa ngomlomo. Amylase futhi maltase kugaywe nge-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi ku elula. Kulula ukuhlola. Faka ucezu umlomo lwesinkwa, emva kwesikhashana it jikisa nga a imvuthuluka ukuthi kulula ukuba igwinye. Amafinyila (mucin) amajazi kanye moisturizes izingcezu zokudla.

Abantu ababefika babedla amakhasi futhi kancane yokuhlukanisa ukudla nge emphinjeni unqamula emphinjeni kuya esiswini, lapho sibhekana adalula.

nezindlala wokugaya ukudla isisu

Engxenyeni enwetshiwe iningi wokugaya ukudla ipheshana mucosa nezindlala secrete e ingaphakathi layo isithako ekhethekile - le juice esiswini. Libuye ketshezi, kodwa i osebenzelana ene-asidi. Ukwakheka kuhlanganisa mucin esiswini Amylase kanye enzyme maltase ukuthi ninamathele amaprotheni lipids, futhi hydrochloric acid. Lesi sakamuva kuvusa umsebenzi motor esiswini, neutralizes amagciwane ayingozi, iyama elibi.

ukudla ezahlukene kuyisikhathi esithile esiswini womuntu. Carbohydrate - amahora amane, amaprotheni namafutha - kusukela nelesithupha. Uketshezi musa ukuhlala esiswini, ngaphezu ubisi, okuyinto uguqulwa lapha ku namangqanga.

amanyikwe

Lona indlala wokugaya ukudla kuphela, okuyinto okuxubile. Itholakala ngemva kwesisu, eliphumela igama layo. Esikhathini duodenum uveza ayo wokugaya ukudla. Lona amanyikwe exocrine. Ngqo igazi bukhipha i-hormone insulini kanye glucagon elawula umzimba carbohydrate emzimbeni womuntu. Kulokhu, umzimba usebenza njengomgcini wamabhuku ndlala endocrine.

isibindi

Wokugaya ukudla indlala secretory ibuye isebenze, ukuvikela, exchange and zokwenziwa umsebenzi. Futhi konke lokhu sibonga isibindi. Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke wokugaya ukudla indlala. It njalo kwakhiwa Bile mapayipi. Kuyinto ebabayo ketshezi umbala ogqamile ephuzi. Siqukethe amanzi, Bile acid kanye nosawoti wabo, kanye enzyme. isibindi sakhe imfihlo bukhipha phakathi duodenum, lapho cleavage yokugcina (emulsification) amafutha kanye magciwane izinto eziyingozi ukuze umzimba.

Njengoba cleavage polysaccharides iqala temlomo carbohydrate ukudla kuba digestible kakhulu. Nokho, omunye ingaqinisekisa ukuthi emva indlala zemifino isaladi iza ngokushesha okukhulu. Izazi zokudla ukweluleka ukudla amaprotheni. Kuyinto bazisa ligugu, futhi inqubo eqhekeza futhi ukugaya ihlala isikhathi eside. Khumbula ukuthi ukudla kumele ngempela umuntu akwazi ukulinganisela.

Futhi manje uhlu indlala wokugaya ukudla? Shayela imisebenzi yabo? Ngicabanga kanjalo.