Isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene - ngesisekelo ekusebenzeni wonke umzimba womuntu

Isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene evumela umsebenzi womuntu ngenxa ukulethwa izakhi ezidingekayo esetshenziswa njengoba umthombo energy kanye izinto zokwakha. Lezi izinto ufake umzimba ngokusebenzisa ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, ubude ingqikithi 10 metres nokuba kulo lonke kwanda nokuncipha kuphindwe we umgodi.

Isakhiwo womuntu wokugaya ukudla uhlelo zihlanganisa: ingaphakathi buccal, pharynx, emphinjeni, esiswini, amanyikwe, isibindi, gallbladder, ikholoni kanye emathunjini amancane.

ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Kule ngxenye isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene kwenzeka assaying ngqo ukudla, ukuchayeka yawo yamakhemikhali kanye nemiphumela ebonakalayo. Bazicabela ukudla kungokwalabo uhlobo umthelela yesibili, futhi lokhu esigabeni sokuqala ukusebenza ohlelweni incike izinga irisidi kanye nokwenziwa izakhamzimba. Hhayi ngaphandle isizathu, ochwepheshe abaningi ukweluleka indlela ukuhlafuna ukudla, okuyinto ke obala ngamathe kwakheka bolus.

Ngamathe babelwe indima sasivumela ebalulekile ukugaya ukudla. It sakhiwe cishe ngokuphelele emanzini (cishe 99%). Ezikuyo mucin amaprotheni kunomthelela adhesiveness, khona lysozyme ivumela decontamination ukudla kanye enzyme ezifana Amylase futhi maltase kugaywe izakhamzimba.

Anatomy wokugaya ukudla ibonisa ukuthi umzimba kulandela pharynx bomlomo abulona, okuyinto isitho kwemisipha ne izimbobo ezithile (ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo, imibono acinene, lokufakwako ukuba emphinjeni kanye umphimbo, futhi laba ababili amapayipi of maphakathi nendlebe). Exposure, ngenxa spillage ukudla indlela yokuphefumula, umnyango amalaka imbozwe epiglottis.

kakhulu Inqubo ukugwinya ukudla kungenxa zokunciphisa imisipha pharynx, lapho lingena emphinjeni futhi ngokusebenzisa diaphragm - esiswini. Njengoba emphinjeni - ngamapayipi kwemisipha ukuthi ngenxa zokunciphisa le misipha ukudla kwaphoqa on.

Isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene kuhlanganisa esiswini, esemgwaqweni ngezansi diaphragm esiswini engenhla. Nature therein ukuvuleka ezimbili ezinikeziwe - input bese okukhipha. I obturator yesibili uvala kwemisipha ngokwanele (sphincter). Ukudla egcinwa esiswini isikhathi eside (amahora afika kwangu-11), okuyinto ngaphansi ukuhlaselwa chemical of juice esiswini, okuyinto uketshezi kungekho nto enemibala emihle equkethe hydrochloric acid. Kuyinto ngokusebenzisa le ngxenye is ngqo kwenziwe umsebenzi wokugaya ukudla. Acid ubuye nomthelela omubi ku-bacterium udle. Ngakho-ke, ingozi yokuba nezifo ezithathelwanayo livela uma kwenzeka izifo yaleli pheshana emathunjini, okuyinto zidlulela wokugaya ukudla.

I chyme okubangelwa esiswini ngokusebenzisa izingxenye sphincter kancane kancane ingena emathunjini. Ithumbu elincane iqala ngamadijithi duodenum, okwavulela ezivamile Bile imbobo kanye imbobo pancreatic. Lapha kufika ekupheleni ukugaya ukudla ngenxa yesenzo juice pancreatic futhi Bile.

kusetshenzwe ukudla emathunjini amancane kancane kancane sihamba phakathi ikholoni, okuyinto has a ubude 2 amamitha. Kube ngokujulile ugxile amanzi, futhi izinsalela zokudla ezingadingekile kakade aphume emzimbeni. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu amagciwane ahlukene esiswini, ekuthuthukiseni ukugayeka kokudla. Nokho, zikhona izici ezimbi. Ngakho, ngaphansi isenzo kwala magciwane ayafa ukudla ezingadingekile kakade nokukhululwa compounds ezinobuthi zokuqeda okuhambelana isibindi.

Wokugaya ukudla System inikeza kwesibindi indima evelele. Phela, lena enkulu indlala wokugaya ukudla okuyothi ngalo ukugeza zonke igazi emithambo yegazi kusukela esiswini, ubende kanye namathumbu.

Ngakho, isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene - uhlelo kunalokho eziyinkimbinkimbi okulungisa ukudla emzimbeni womuntu, isitho ngasinye inikezwa indima, futhi ukwehluleka okungenani eyodwa ingxenye mshini ingaqala yezifo pheshana emathunjini.