Negesi ukusatshalaliswa indlela. Kungani sasidingeka?

Negesi ukusatshalaliswa indlela - omunye izingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu injini, kusukela lapho ukusetshenziswa ngemfanelo ukusebenza kwawo kuxhomeke ngqo. Usebenzela okwesikhathi ngesikhathi esifanele ngokugcwalisa uMbhalo ingxube ezivuthayo noma emoyeni (e-injector kanye diesel), kanye ngokuchitha amagesi qeda. Ukwakheka kufaka drive isikhathi camshaft, kungase sebhande, uchungechunge noma amagiya we camshaft futhi imishini valve. Emzimbeni yokugcina panel kukhona valve futhi rocker izingalo. Lesi sakamuva, esikhundleni salokho, eqondiswa oluvala amasondo ukuze ehlombe omunye kwakusekelwe screw ukulungiswa, kanti eyesibili - esiqwini valve.

I camshaft kuyinto eksisi ku ngalo ngomshini ome njengeqanda (cam), ngokuvumelana valve isikhathi engeli. Isigaba isikhathi - lena mzuzu nokuvula nokuvala valve. Lokhu kwenzeka okwamanje lapho uMbhalo uku iphuzu ephezulu noma ephansi efile. Ephumela valve (itheku noma esidayisa) kuxhomeke ekutheni beat kuvela isilinda ethile.

Ngokwesibonelo, uma piston isezingeni phansi isikhungo efile bese iqala unhlangothi kokucindezelwa, wonke ama-valve zivaliwe, uma lokhu unhlangothi qeda, valve qeda ivuliwe. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi umjikelezo iwashi we unhlangothi zokusebenza zonke valve nazo ivaliwe, bese uvula itheku eyanele. Negesi ukusatshalaliswa indlela angase abe munye kumbe babe babili camshafts. Negesi ukusatshalaliswa indlela OHC - lena wekucala, wesibili libizwa DOHC. Ilungiselelo elinjalo isetshenziswa kuphela kulezo izinjini lapho ngoba isilinda ngamunye 4 noma ngaphezulu ama-valve, ezifana kusukela 5 Audi.

Ngakho-ke, ukusatshalaliswa igesi indlela DOHC injini ikuvumela ukuba uthole ukusebenza kakhulu futhi ukwenza kube nobungane kakhudlwana kwezemvelo futhi ukonga. camshaft ngamunye yakhelwe ukuvula iqembu valve, noma edonsa noma qeda.

It kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe ukusatshalaliswa igesi indlela SOHC. It Ubuye 4 valve isilinda ngayinye, kodwa camshaft eyodwa kuphela isetshenziswa ngiwavule. isikhathi okunjalo kwandile ku 90, kodwa ngokushesha yasala dengwane ngenxa umkhiqizo walo ongaphakeme kuqhathaniswa ne DOHC.

Ukuhlangana eqala kulungiselelwa efanele isihlobo camshaft kuya crankshaft. Kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa kuya ilebula igiya ufuna ukuhlanganisa. Uma usebenzisa drive ibhande , kuqala ukusetha izipilingi ahambelana ilebula, okwathi ngemva kwalokho babuyela benzelwe futhi bakhathale isikhathi ibhande, okuyinto ke welulela ukungezwani roller.

ukusatshalaliswa negesi indlela akudingi cishe awekho ukunakekelwa, kuyehla ezingaphambili kokulungiswa ngesikhathi esifanele imvume valve. ukwephulwa kwalo kuholela ukuguga lenyuka izingxenye futhi ayikuvumeli injini ukuthuthukisa umthamo wayo ngokugcwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi hang valve, bahlale kule sikhundla isigamu-evulekile, futhi kwadala umonakalo pistons, futhi esikhundleni ngisho kungadla amaRandi ngempela eqolo.