Negesi-3102 "iVolga": ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe, isakhiwo kanye nezithombe

Gaz 3102 "iVolga" - Soviet ukukhiqizwa ugibele imoto, ekhiqizwa esikhathini kusuka ngo-1982 kuya 2008 ngesikhathi Gorky Automobile Plant. Ingabe owalandela Gaz-24, kodwa ukukhiqizwa yezimboni imodeli entsha awuhambanga, inselele kungagcini amaqoqwana encane. Ngonyaka off ibhande mayelana amakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezintathu, zonke zazo senzelwe eSoviet abaphathi maphakathi.

Umlando imoto

Ukukhululwa Gaz-3102 zenzeka esikhathini ngokuwa kweSoviet Union, izinguquko zezombusazwe kukhona ukukhiqizwa zathiya kakhulu, Gorky Automobile Plant imfiva, salandelwa ubuholi, waqala nokudilizwa mass, abasebenzi abakaze bakhokhelwe izinyanga. amaphrojekthi Ikusasa ukuthuthukisa onobuhle entsha sha "iVolga" avalwa enye ngemva kwenye. Gaz-3102 ezivezwa inertia eminye iminyaka emithathu, kwaze kwaba elihambayo akuyona wayeka ngo-1992. Kodwa maduze nje, uhulumeni waseRussia wanquma uqhube ukukhiqizwa izimoto. Gaz lithole ukusekelwa ngokwezimali, nokukhiqizwa kwezincwadi Gaz-3102 "iVolga" baqhubeka. Ngesikhathi isidingo ngesilwane esifuywayo imoto lehla ngokuphawulekayo, izikhulu eziningi Russian zadluliselwa izimoto angaphandle. ukukhiqizwa Gaz-3102 wagcina inqanyulwe ngo-2008. amandla Factory zaqala ukusetshenziswa ukwenziwa ikhumbi "iNsephe."

izici

Imininingwane Gaz-3102:

• Umzimba - isihlalo emihlanu,-umnyango ezine sedan.
• platform Technology, Chassis - Gaz-24.
• Axels - 4/2.
• Isakhiwo - RWD, perednemotornaya.
• Engine - ZMZ 4022,10, "Chrysler EDZ", "Rover 20T4 / V8", Toyota 3RZ-FE / 5VZ.
• Transmission - 4-speed manual, 5-ngesivinini transmission ibhukwana.
• Ubukhulu sekukonke - obuphelele 4960 mm, ukuphakama 1476 mm, nobubanzi 1820 mm.
• Wheelbase - 2800 mm.
• Ground imvume - 156 mm.
• Ukunqanda Isisindo - 1450 kg.
• ithrekhi Front - 1510 mm.
• ithrekhi engemuva - 1423 mm.

Izici Gaz-3102 ngesikhathi ukukhiqizwa imodeli babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli ngokwanele eziphambili, kodwa kwemigomo umshini namuhla abonakala sesiphelelwe yisikhathi.

Ingaphandle

Uhlobo Gaz-3102 (isithombe ethulwa ekhasini) kunqunywa zindlela ezintathu: ukuhambisana lomhlaba design, ukugcina zonke wanyathela zomzimba Gaz-24 (it sika spars, izinhlangothi, isiqu isivalo, nezicabha nophahla). Okwesithathu, umshini kwakumelwe bahlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuphepha okusezingeni eliphezulu kokubili yekwentiwa kanye asebenzayo.

Ukubukeka imoto efake idizayini wesimanje ehlanganisa American amandla wabuka umzimba futhi European laconic izakhi zomzimba. Izinsimbi e isitayela "whalebone" kwaba-accessory EsiZulwini asinayo brand of izimoto "iVolga".

Izidingo elawula ngezizathu zokuphepha Gaz-3102 waba Umfutho ukudalwa umthelela zokuncishiswa kwamandla esishintshashintshayo. Njengengxenye Umklamo uhlelo inzuzo uphethiloli lakhishwa kusukela phansi futhi ibekwe phezu oluvala amasondo misa, njengoba le ndawo abe mancane namathuba okuba uhlushwa ukushaqeka imithwalo phakathi ukuphahlazeka. Indawo entsha uphethiloli ukuvumele ukwandisa umthamo yayo 70 amalitha. Wabuka emzimbeni umshini ngemva zonke izinguquko design babé zanamuhla, futhi wabuka imoto wabonisa izimpawu gentility.

ingaphakathi

Interior Gaz-3102 yasungulwa ngokuvumelana izimfashini zamuva kwaleso sikhathi, abaklami baye bazama kunikeze umuzwa imoto kanokusho saloon, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ababenakho wokuvimba izifiso zabo, hhayi uhambe ngalé kwemingcele. Isitayela ingaphakathi umhlobiso ngezifiso Soviet imoto esemthethweni kwadingeka ukufanisa onobuhle engcono angaphandle kanye ngesikhathi esifanayo ihlanganise eSoviet imoto umkhakha. In the 70s kwekhulu elidlule kwafika fashion ingaphakathi yezimoto Ukunquma ne izinkuni bemvelo, kodwa ukube automakers Western ayenamandla okukwenza esiphehla ephaneleni rosewood, nokunye. N., Lokho kwaba ezibizayo kakhulu abakhiqizi Soviet. Ngakho-ke, izinkuni zemvelo omane ithathelwe indawo ifilimu self-Yesigcilikisha lesi sibalo ngaphansi kwesihlahla.

Upholstery kwakuthandeka namazinga okunethezeka, izihlalo kanye nomnyango panel Cushioning izinga velor abomvu, aluhlaza shades beige. seatbacks babe ukuma wamathambo, okuvumela umshayeli nabagibeli ungatholi ukhathele ngesikhathi uhambo olude. umshini Floor limbozwe amatshe zemvelo, luthi alufane kwandisa kakhulu induduzo gumbi, kodwa futhi wakhonza njengephayona umsindo ekuvikeleni ungqimba. Uhlelo Ukushisa lahlanganisa emoyeni uma liqhathaniswa nezibani, futhi ngoba ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho imoto emoyeni conditioners, isikhala sangekhatsi Gaz-3102 inikeza emoyeni obandayo ngezithukuthuku ukupholisa ngempumelelo.

amandla plant

Injini, okuyinto sifakwe Gaz-3102 ngo-1982, kwakungeyona ngokuphelele nomklamo ezivamile futhi ahlome ngaphambi amandla omlilo ekamelweni jet ukuthungela, esisebenza ngezinga pah-inqubo (wendlale kusebenze amandla omlilo). Prechamber izinjini wokuqala wavela Gorky Automobile Plant emuva kwamashumi amahlanu, ngesikhathi search ubuchwepheshe obusha uphethiloli umnotho. Indlela akusho ukubamba ku ngokushesha nge ukuthungela ukuvuleka wenqaba. Izinjini ZMZ 4022,10 okwengeziwe ifakwe ezivamile inhlansi plugs.

Nokho, ukuze sithuthukise amandla plant Gaz-3102 waqhubeka, njengoba umshini esindayo ibusa inani elikhulu nje impela uphethiloli. Isimo yaxazululwa lapho ngo-1992 ithuba ukungenisa Japanese Motors Toyota 3RZ-FE, ngokwanele enamandla futhi ukonga. Futhi ngo-2006, lesi sitshalo Gorky yaqala ukuthola American Motors Chrysler EDZ.

Gaz-3102, lapho injini okufushane yasekhaya ayiyinhle, waqala ukuhlomisa motors amazwe. Lo mkhuba waqhubeka iminyaka eminingana, kuze ukususwa umshini kusukela ukukhiqizwa. Imininingwane zonke izinjini efakwe Gaz-3102, kwakunabamemezeli abangaba ngu-ivolumu efanayo uMbhalo - 2.3-2.5 ilitha umthamo - 103-130 l. a.

ukudluliswa

Transmission I-Gaz-3102 lilungisiwe ngezigaba, injongo yawo yasekuqaleni ukuba ukufakwa iyunithi kwamaplanethi drive hydromechanical. Kodwa yokuhamba kancane Soviet uhlelo ukuhlela seliphinde abadlala indima yayo, futhi imoto entsha seluthole lisuka esasisandulele, Gaz-24. Transmission yafuna ngcono njengoba Gaz-3102 ubekade ezahlukene ekilasini isisindo, futhi isisindo salo liyadingeka nezinye okungu igiya ukudluliswa ngqo. Ekugcineni imoto waqala ukuhlomisa ethuthukisiwe gearbox emine imanyule, lwalungakapheli ukuphelela ezakhayo.

chassis

Chassis Gaz-3102 at esigabeni sokuqala ukukhiqiza kwaba anachronism Ngokwesibonelo imoto. Ngaphambili ukumiswa isimiso uya iqupha phezu kwelokuvukela umbuso wase, isikimu ezinjalo kusetshenziswa ngenkathi amaloli. Ukuthembeka kumiswa belilokhu liphakeme, kodwa izingxenye zalo ezidinga Lubrication njalo nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokugcoba "Litol." Kuze kube yimanje, i-izingono isipetu base efakwe amaphuzu Lubrication. Shock wezinciphisi phambi ukumiswa kwadingeka izici ezinhle reciprocating futhi ukumelana imithwalo esindayo.

ukumiswa engemuva Gaz 3102 kwaba design elula futhi ngamandla, umzimba wancika semi elliptic leaf iziphethu kanye roll imigoqo okwesikhathi esetshenziswa roll ibha. Amacici acindezelwe nge iziphethu emkhonweni of tank zenjoloba. Ngakho-ke waqinisekisa nokuxhumana noiseless izingxenye ezinyakazayo. Shock wezinciphisi phezu oluvala amasondo ezingemuva ngamafutha isicelo wokubacindezela ukushaqeka ezidayiswayo.

Brake System GAZ3102 kwaba zanamuhla, zonke izingxenye ezivezwa ngokuqinile ilayisensi British Girling. Two-wesifunda uxhumano wokubacindezela nge uMbhalo ukubopha eziqhutshwa kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi kodwa olusebenzayo lokusikisela ingcindezi umehluko ku omninginingi injini ukugijima. Amabhuleki ifakwe Hydro-Vac, kwanele ingcindezi ukukhanya phezu isinyathelo ukubopha ukuze ujike lonke uhlelo ukubopha. Ibhuleki lesandla isigwedlo senzo ogibele lamasondo angemuva.

Electrics

Gaz-3102, okuyinto elektroobudovaniya isikimu lamiswa ngaphansi injini ZMZ 402, ngiswele yesikhathi sesimanje ophuthumayo ugibelile kagesi wesifunda design ngenxa emisha njalo, ushintsho kukhanyisa izici zokuphepha yesimanje.

onobuhle isikali

In the 80s maphakathi of leminyaka elidlule eqala fashion onobuhle amancane izimoto zasekhaya ezivezwa izitshalo Gaz, AZLK, AvtoVAZ futhi UAZ. Amamodeli 1:43 isikali ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi isitshalo "Radon" emzini Saratov. Model Gaz-3102 wakhishwa ngaphansi inombolo A38. Namuhla kule moto kubhekwa siyindlala rarity.