Navy Russian - kwengoma. Russian Navy emikhunjini. Russian Navy ifulege

Naval Amandla - lena legatsha ezithile Armed Forces, emi unogada phezu izithakazelo yeRussia. Ziyakwazi ezilungele ukuvikela ezweni phansi olwandle ulwandle ebhayisikobho. Fleet ukulungele uxhumana amabutho phansi phakathi kungenzeka izimpi ezwekazini.

Navy ifulege

Russian Navy ifulege iwuphawu anamandla nenkazimulo. It has a umlando ekhazimulayo. ivela khona lihlotshaniswa igama Petra Velikogo, futhi igama - igama umPhostoli u-Andrew, lwaluyoba ngowokuqala wabiza abafundi bakaKristu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lena umsebenzi ongcwele kaNkulunkulu ukusebenzisa ngithunyiwe, bafika ezweni ikusasa Russia, ngokuletha abantu, kube populates okholweni. inhlonipho lejulile abaseRussia kuso ukuvela ku ukwamukelwa Order of St Andrew e 1696, ehlotshiswe izithombe kuvakashelwe ezweni lakithi umphostoli ekhazimulayo.

Njengoba ifulege sidalwe? Peter Mina, wezinguquko enkulu balelo butho nezinye lasolwandle, kwaba mathupha ahileleke heraldry. Yena bacubungula ukufana zomlando, nezimpawu. Imbangela eyinhloko banner lesi esiphakathi etshekile (Umphostoli Andrew, njengoKristu, wabethelwa esiphambanweni esiphambanweni ukholo). Ngakho-ke, izizukulwane eziningi amatilosi yethu emelelwa Tsar uPetru uphawu elihlobene ne ukholo wobaba. Ngokusho amasiko oluhle ngemikhumbi yempi, induna, ekhuluma amatilosi Russian ngaphambi kwempi, njalo yaphela ngokuthi avikelekile nguNkulunkulu ifulege St Andrew.

Navy kusukela ngo-1992 waphinde waba ifulegi komlando Navy isiRashiya, okwenza kuqhutshekwe isiko aphazamisekile. Ngaphansi kwakhe, njengasekuqaleni, amatilosi enze imisebenzi loMkhandlu nokugcina ukuzivikela wezwe.

Fleet umsebenzi e sokuthula

Ngo sokuthula, bezikhali ngoxhaxha isetshenziswa angenze kungenzeka ubudlova isitha okumayelana WaseRussia. Ingabe ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kanye nomsebenzi ukulwa. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi isikhathi izikhawu zokuthula, kodwa endaweni ethile emizileni yabo njalo enze ukulwa komsebenzi missile aphethe ngwenya (RPLSN). Ngo osendaweni izindawo ezibalulekile ukuseshwa, kweso kanye nokwesekwa RPLSN, yenethiwekhi amaqembu impi kungenzeka abaphikisi. Kwaqhubeka ukuphikisana kwakhe ukukhalipha, ukuxhumana. Inhlolo-vo owandulelayo endaweni impi kungenzeka.

Navy Russian ilungele ukwenza Ukuvikelwa ogwini, ukwenza ngokuhlanganyela ne-Ministry Interior namabutho yangaphakathi uma kwenzeka angaba nempi yombango ukwedlula, futhi uma inhlekelele - ukusebenza ndawonye ne-Ministry of Izimo eziphuthumayo kanye Civil Defense.

Kusobala ukuthi amabutho asolwandle amele isiqinisekiso engcono imisebenzi yomnotho olwandle. Zimelele Russian Federation emkhathini elikhulu lamanzi, usebenza ngaphansi kokuqondisa umyalo imisebenzi representational ngu ukuvakasha lwemikhumbi. Navy Russian kuqukethe izibopho phakathi kwemibuso ngokubamba iqhaza ohlelweni lwamazwe ngamazwe umphakathi izibophezele yokugcinwa imisebenzi, inqobo nje uma behlangabezana izithakazelo yezwe.

Fleet umsebenzi ngesikhathi sempi siye saba

Ngesikhathi sempi, imikhumbi ilungele ngenkuthalo ukuvikela ubukhosi isimo emanzini olwandle yangaphakathi, esikhaleni of the indawo okungayi futhi eshalofini ezwekazini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele futhi kube ngaphansi izinsongo lempi afeze "umsebenzi zasolwandle" ethize - ukuvikela inkululeko zezilwandle. Ukuze afeze imisebenzi ngenhla ngesikhathi namazinga athile yokulwa umsebenzi, edlulisela esimweni ngu ukuthunyelwa tekusebenta lempi. Uma kungenzeka kube okwasekhaya kuleyo ukungqubuzana, noma ukuvimbela it kusuka sivikele lokuthumela, ngezikulu kwenziwa lo msebenzi.

Esimeni semakhaya esigabeni asebenzayo kwemisebenzi lempi Russian Navy imikhumbi kumele hit akude isitha phansi amatshe, ukuqinisekisa ukulwa ukusebenza RPLSN, ukuze ashaye ngwenya bese uwabeka amabutho asolwandle, izivikelo ugu, ukuvikela ogwini yeRussia, ukuxhumana phansi amabutho amaqembu Frontline.

ngoxhaxha

Umhlahlandlela lasolwandle bafeza umyalo Navy. Lokhu kusho ukusebenzisa ukulawula amandla ayo tekusebentisa imithombo: surface futhi kwamanzi, zezindiza amasosha asemanzini, amasosha ugu, wezikhali kogu namarokhethi,-Marine.

Yenhlangano Russian Navy siqukethe etivume- elandelayo tekusebenta-amasu: aseBaltic, Northern, Pacific, Black Sea Fleet kanye iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi.

Northern imikhumbi

lezisekelo Naval yeNyakatho Fleet kukhona Severomorsk futhi Severodvinsk. Ibizwa ngokuthi ulwandle, zenuzi, missile esithwele. Ngesisekelo amandla ukulwa kuze ngwenya yenuzi, missile futhi torpedo ngwenya, izindiza missile aphethe nokunye / isikebhe, njll / isikebhe, rocket lwemikhumbi; izindiza yenethiwekhi - iwuhlelo ngoxhaxha sika, esindayo zenuzi missile impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Petr Veliky". Ngesikhathi esifanayo lokhu wempi onamandla - Flagship Navy Russian.

Ubude impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu missile kuyinto 251,1 m, ububanzi ilingana 28,5 m, ukuphakama kusuka ezingeni kwesisekelo salo indiza - 59 m, ukufuduka - amathani 23,7 .. Inamandla "Inhliziyo" yale giant kukhona sikhungo ezimbili zenuzi. Cruising Flagship Russia kunqunywa isitoko ukudla ngenxa nezisebenzi emkhunjini, okuyinto kwanele izinyanga mayelana 2. Ngokomthetho, ngenxa sikhungo bayo, impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu kungaba ukuntanta unomphela - ngaphandle kokubiza ethekwini. I ngesivinini esiphezulu umkhumbi - 31 ifindo.

I Northern Fleet - nengwenya kakhulu ukwakheka tekusebenta-yecebo Navy Russian. Amandla akhe abamelwe yempi ngenjongo yokuqeqesha ukuyoqeqeshelwa njalo combat ohambweni ukubeka. Ngokwesibonelo, iwuhlelo yemikhumbi cishe kanye ngonyaka nesigamu kanye nemikhumbi ohambisana ewela i-Atlantic Ocean, ngenxa iqhaza lakhe umzimba ngamazwe "Vostok-2010", "Indra-2009".

I Baltic imikhumbi

Vala "ifasitela eYurophu" ubelokhu ekhonza aseBaltic Fleet we Navy Russian. Ukwakheka kwalo (imikhumbi) manje uye wakwenza iyathuthukiswa futhi olusha. Inqubo yenzeka ngemuva kokwanda emandleni ezempi yaseYurophu of NATO. I Baltic liphuthuma kuhlelwe ukuba uqiniswa frigates entsha Project 11356 ne eziyisishiyagalombili cruise anti-umkhumbi ejikijelwayo raketotorpedami anti-ngwenya ebhodini.

Lokhu kumiswa tekusebenta futhi amasu ezinze Kaliningrad (Baltiysk) naseLeningrad esifundeni (Kronshtadt). Ezisebenza, livikela zone kwezomnotho aseBaltic, kunomthelela ukuphepha izitsha, yenza imisebenzi inqubomgomo angaphandle. Kuyinto omdala Russian imikhumbi. Umlando walo saqala uzowanqoba izitsha Swedish 18.05.1703 Namuhla, kubabulali ezimbili - "Eyaluzayo" futhi "Ukuqhubeka" - yakha isisekelo amandla ukulwa we Baltic Russian Navy.

Idala ezingaba lamabutho ukulwa udizili ngwenya, imikhumbi ebusweni division, asizayo umkhumbi uxhumano, amabutho ugu, zezindiza asolwandle. Iwuhlelo kuyinto umchithi "Ukuqhubeka". Ngonyaka lwamanje olusha umkhumbi navigation systems (gidrometeokompleksov, yangokwesiko izinhlelo, gidrokursoukazateley nokunye.), Izinhlelo ithuthukise itheku Baltiysk.

Black Sea imikhumbi

Ngemva kokujoyina i-Russian Empire eCrimea ngo 1783, lapho iNdlovukazi uCatherine Omkhulu wadala yalesi zungu. Namuhla kusekelwe emizini Sevastopol futhi Novorossiysk. On 18.03.2014, base eyinhloko Sea Fleet - Sevastopol - baba yingxenye Russia.

25 eziyinkulungwane. Umuntu l / s Black Sea Russian Navy. Yenza amabutho ayo futhi esebenzisa lokhu okulandelayo: uhlobo ngwenya udizili, iveze imikhumbi ezifana "Ocean Sea" izindiza asolwandle (fighter, missile esithwele, anti-ngwenya). Yezinjongo eziyinhloko ngoxhaxha kuyisivikelo the Black Sea zone kwezomnotho nokuthunyelwa isofthiwe. I Flagship ngoxhaxha kuyinto missile impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Moskva".

Okwamanje, izingqapheli lempi babike ukwakheka Black Sea asolwandle amabutho ukuvikela ugu kanye wezikhali endaweni Radio / h, ebhange S-300PM2 "Carapace-C1". Kulindeleke ukuthi izindiza Navy buyothuthuka ne MIG-29 futhi Su-27SM, Su-25SM. Futhi kulindeleke ukuba baqinise izindiza anti-ngwenya ngu Manning ezengeziwe Il-38H, ukushaqeka ezinophephela emhlane Ka-52K emphemeni futhi Ka-29M kanye Ka-27.

Njengoba kwabikwa kuyi-cindezela esikhumulweni sezindiza e-Guards Regiment limi ekuhlaseleni bezindiza ezikude Tu-22M3. Bazokwazi ukuthi tactically ukusekela imikhumbi Russian Navy Mediterranean isigaba. Ngo parallel, yakheke emhlabathini / h Peninsula.

Pacific imikhumbi

I lasolwandle Russian uvikela izintshisekelo Russia esifundeni Asia-Pacific. Kusekelwe e Vladivostok, e Fokino, le-Ulysses Amancane. Ngesisekelo amandla ukulwa we amasu missile ngwenya impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu, zenuzi ngwenya diesel, ocean imikhumbi surface, izindiza asolwandle (fighter, missile esithwele, antisubmarine), amabutho ugu. I Flagship ngoxhaxha kuyinto missile impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Varyag".

Lokhu imikhumbi ine jongo amasu ka ekulondolozeni. Ilokhu phezu izindlela ixwayisa ngwenya yenuzi. imikhumbi zasePacific Russian Navy umsebenzi yibhange Ukuvikelwa nezinezimo kwezomnotho lesifunda.

weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian

ICaspian weqembu lemikhumbi ezinze Makhachkala futhi Kaspiysk. I esifundeni sasolwandle kuyinto endaweni yayo yemfanelo. weqembu lemikhumbi yenhlangano - ingxenye Southern IN. Lakhiwa lamabutho nokuhlukanisa lwemikhumbi ebusweni. Kuyinto Flagship ngoxhaxha wokugada umkhumbi "Gepard", ifakwe cruise micibisholo "Calibre-NK". Ngaphambi isethi wakhe imisebenzi ka counter-ubuphekula, ukuphepha kwabahamba olwandle, ukuvikelwa Russian izithakazelo zezwe esifundeni oil-producing.

Ihamba okuqondene Navy Russian

Uma uthi nhlá, le ongelutho Kunzima ukucabanga umkhumbi Navy Russia, kodwa phela kwacaca ukuthi, lolu lwazi lutholakala ngokukhululekile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba "amukele olungenamkhawulo": oluthile elula compact ukuhambisa idatha isifinyezo mabutho amandla bangazihluphi 1/5 bezwe (bheka Ithebula 1) .. Thina ubeke amazwana entengo wenza kulelithebula lelingentasi: Fleet sika kulo compactness kukhona uma engenhla.

Ithebula 1. Umkhumbi Navy Russia ekuqaleni 2014.

Amathemba yentuthuko Navy Russian

Ake sihlaziye amathemba yentuthuko yemikhumbi esekelwe nephephandaba umkhuzi induna Russian Navy Admiral Viktorom Viktorovichem Chirkovym.

kakhulu logic of the Navy njengoba eziyinkimbinkimbi, wonke umzimba, wathi Admiral, alamukeli izinqumo ngokuphamazela.

Ngakho-ke, ukukhula kwawo sihlelelwe njengoba inqubo amasu 2050. Injongo intuthuko eyengeziwe lihlotshaniswa ukwanda ukusebenza kwe ekulondolozeni izikhali zenuzi lesitha.

Loluhlelo linikeza ukuthi Navy Russian uzothola imikhumbi entsha ngezigaba 3:

• kusukela 2012 kuya 2020;
• kusukela 2021 kuya ku-2030;
• kusukela 2031 kuya 2050.

In esigabeni sokuqala sokwakha Cruisers zenuzi kwamanzi Generation IV kuzophothulwa. Inkampani yenethiwekhi eyinhloko izikhali ballistic ngeke RPLSN 955A phrojekthi.

Isigaba sesibili kuyoba esikhundleni Generation ezikhona IV RPLSN ontanga yabo. It is futhi ehlela ukwakha umkhumbi ebusweni asolwandle amasu missile uhlelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ekuthuthukiseni lesi-athomu ngwenya Cruisers isizukulwane lesihlanu kuzokwethulwa.

Lapho kwakhiwa Isigaba sesithathu Ihlolwe Cruisers zenuzi V isizukulwane ukuba kuqashwe.

Ngaphezu izici eziyisisekelo umthamo bezikhali Navy isiRashiya, imikhumbi entsha - amasu ngwenya Cruisers futhi RPLSN - uzobe ebonakala ekusithekeni yanda, umsindo ongaphakeme, zokuxhumana ephelele, ukusetshenziswa ekuklameni amarobhothi.

Izinselelo ezibhekene amabutho ugu

Ngaphambili, sase okuthiwa base eyinhloko Navy Russian kuwo wonke mabutho ayo. Nokho, yokwakha ehlelelwa yemikhumbi i kwesikhathi kuze kufinyelele 2050 Yiqiniso, nawo Coast Guard. Yini Ukuphimisela ke ubona Commander Chirkov? Uma ucabangela kumila Navy Russian e inqubo yentuthuko okwengeziwe amasu, uVictor uncika kwaqedwa ugu isimiso sokuzivikela, ukuqeqeshwa kuhlomisa ka-Marine ukuze afeze imisebenzi eNorth.

isiphetho

Nakuba ngesisekelo isakhiwo senhlangano ye-Russian Navy ngeke kushintshe (4 neyoku-1 imikhumbi weqembu lemikhumbi), ngaphakathi kubo kuzodala ahlukahlukene ezikwazi kakhulu isiteleka amandla. Ngo ukhiye yokudalwa uyaqhubeka ngokuphumelelayo ukuthuthukisa izimoto unmanned, yokufakelwa intelligence izinhlelo, robotosistem zasolwandle, izikhali ezingekho ezibulalayo.

Efingqa le ukubuyekezwa kwe-Russian Navy, kufanele uyinaka nethemba ubuyekeza IV le mikhumbi, bese isizukulwane V. Nokho isisekelo Navy amandla emva uhlelo kuyoba kwamanzi e-athomu impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu V isizukulwane. Ukwanda eziyinhloko amandla ukulwa uzobe ephelezelwa ngcono ukuphathwa izinhlelo, ukuhlanganiswa zamabutho lezindiza ku amabutho inter-service yaseshashalazini izingxabano kungenzeka.

Ekupheleni intshumayelo yethu ethobekile Russian Navy - isithombe iwuhlelo enuzi, missile impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Petr Veliky".