Medal "Ngoba Defense of Moscow" (isithombe)

Impi ye-Moscow e ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe kumemori Russian abantu kusenza indawo ekhethekile. It is wafakazela ukuthi ngaphambili angazanga kokunqotshwa ibutho lamaJalimane kungenziwa wanqoba. UHitler, ukuthunjwa eMoscow kwakubaluleke kakhulu, okuyinto kulingana ukunqoba okuphelele elaseSoviet Union. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba ukuqala kokuwa Wehrmacht. Zonke lezo owalwela enhlokodolobha yezwe lethu, kokubili amasosha nezakhamuzi, baye babonisa ukuzinikezela, ubuqhawe kanye ukumelana nesibindi. Medal "Ngoba Defense of Moscow" kwakuyilabo abangane babo anamandla nesibindi babé yinto isithiyo endleleni amaNazi anqobe izwe.

ukuvikela eMoscow

Battle of eMoscow is evamile ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ukuzivikela futhi zihlasela.

I zomlando esizoqala kuso ukubala mpi for dolobha yeSoviet Union, noma, ngamanye amazwi, ngosuku lokuqala ekumeleleni eMoscow - lena 30 Septhemba 1941. Countdown uqhutshwa siQubuthu okuhlaselayo German waqala, codenamed "iSiphepho" bebheke Bryansk futhi Vyazma. Ayalwa ayesinda. Nge ukulahlekelwa esindayo isitha wangena indlela isiteshi iVolga-eMoscow futhi kuye kwamiswa at emaphethelweni aseningizimu emzini Kashira. Eduzane eMoscow, akakwazanga ukuza.

City ukuzivikela wema abakhileyo kulo. Ngisho ehlobo lenzeka ukwahlukana 12 futhi 56 sokuzithandela Battalion ababeyile ukuvikela inhloko-dolobha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvumelana GKO esinqumweni 12 Septhemba 1941, ukwakhiwa izinqaba azungeze eMoscow. Umugqa oyinhloko wokuvikela ehlanganiswa umuzi in a umkhumbi, elalisendaweni amakhilomitha 20 kusuka edolobheni. Ngaphezu kwalokhu izivikelo futhi edolobheni, isibonelo kule ndawo kwensimu Ring kanye ujantshi dlula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayihlomele yokulungisa zokulungisa imishini alimele izikhali. Zonke lezi zakhiwo zibizwa ngokuthi eMoscow zone ukuzivikela, futhi kwaholela lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela ikhanda YaseMoscow Military District, Jikelele PA Artemyev Ngaphansi kwayo ubeke eceleni ingxenye yamasosha komuzi isikaniso, ugodle division Amathenda futhi kwakhiwa nezidlamlilo.

ukuhlaselwa eMoscow

Ummeli eside nobuqhawe eMoscow bavunyelwe qinisa futhi uqinise zibe sebuthweni lezokuvikela. Futhi ngo-December 5 Ngawo lowo nyaka ke waqala ukusebenza okuhlaselayo ngu etincenyeni letintsatfu: Kalinin, Western naseNingizimu-Western. Webutho ukuqala la waqokwa Jikelele weZempi GK Zhukov. Ukuze ibutho lamaJalimane kwaba isimanga ephelele. Ngalesi sikhathi, isitha okwakudinga isiphelile yokulwa njalo eqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa severe sezulu imibandela kanye ukudla ilizwe izikhali ibutho lamaJalimane lwaphuka, okwaholela ukuhoxa.

I baleka we amaFascist ezivela eMoscow, ephelezelwa ukulahlekelwa esindayo kokubili amadoda futhi izikhali kanye nemishini. Ngasekuqaleni kuka-January 1942 front line ukuthi esehlehlisa ezivela eMoscow, amakhilomitha angu-250 kwangu-usongo bamba sekuqediwe.

Kuze kube manje okuhlaselayo eduze eMoscow, olwasungulwa GK Zhukov, wafunda e zezifundiswa ezempi. Umlawuli yena kamuva ngithola indondo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow", kanye nabanye ababambiqhaza abaningi abavamile le mpi. Lo mklomelo kwaphawulwa Isibindi nobuqotho babo ubuqhawe emzabalazweni nenkululeko ezweni lenkaba yawo.

Umlando ngendondo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow"

Ukuze angayivuza abavikeli eMoscow Juni 29, 1943, kwanqunywa ukuba ukusungula uhlamvu lwemali ye-premium. Obhekene nentuthuko yayo waqokwa intendant iRed Army, uColonel Jikelele PI Drachov On imiyalo yakhe, iqembu kwezobuciko sidaliwe, esesikhundleni 12 Julayi wanikeza imiklamo embalwa ngomumo eyenziwe. Julayi 15, 1943, lezi imidwebo athunyelwa ukuthi lucutshungulwe uStalin. Kodwa ngesikhathi isinqumo sokugcina sathathwa. Nokho, ngo-January 1944, umsebenzi indondo emfushane waphinde waqalwa. Isigaba sokugcina ngemva kokuqedwa kwalo isezandleni abaculi Moskalev NI futhi Romanov EM Ekupheleni kuka-January kakade ngase ngikulungele le umkhicito wekugcina ngendondo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow".

Ukulungisa nokuvunywa ukubukeka sokugcina imiklomelo

Ngemva isifanekiso test, senziwe womqophi metal Sokolov NA, owethulwa izinguquko eziningi e-ukubukeka imiklomelo:

• ekuqaleni obuyihlelile ezintweni ngemuva odongeni ezibiyele ukubeka iqembu abavikeli eMoscow, kodwa salandelwa ithangi amasosha ngaphakathi zempi zalo,
• encishisiwe usayizi Dome of the ukwakhiwa Uhulumeni,
• ekhoneni kwesokunxele ukubeka isithombe indiza flying.

Ngakho-ke etholwe yokugcina umklomelo ibheji indondo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow", isithombe okubonisa ubuhle baso futhi solemnity.

Usuku lokuvunywa lokhu umklomelo 1 May 1944.

Ngokwe-Umlando we umculi umbhali indondo Moskalev NI, umsebenzi kule umklomelo, waqala eside ngaphambi oda esemthethweni ubuholi wezwe, ekwindla ka-1941. Ke kwabakho usongo ngempela umsebenzi yenhloko-dolobha. Ngemva kwalokho, le emfushane kwaba ngesisekelo omunye umklomelo uphawu - Order of Glory, nayo athuthukile Moskalev.

Kubukeka sengathi indondo

uphawu Premium kwaba zethusi, ukuma round nge ububanzi 32 mm. I obverse (okubizwa ngokuthi phambi kobuso sanoma imuphi umfanekiso umklomelo) sikhombisa ezibiyele udonga. Ngemva kwakhe kuyinto ophahleni oluyingungu kwesakhiwo kahulumeni izingqwembe likhona zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Phambili kulesi sithombe kunesonto we isinyathelo ukuze heroes, ngubani ezinsukwini ubudala, ekhulula edolobheni - Minin futhi Pozharsky. Okulandelayo - abavikeli yenhloko-dolobha mayelana nezembatho zempi ethangini. Ekhoneni kwesokunxele izindiza ezihlalayo phezu eliqoshwe umbhalo othi "Ngoba Defense of Moscow", futhi yibo ngendondo ukhishwa wezokuVikela eMoscow kungenzeka ukufunda "Ukuze Motherland yethu namaSoviet".

Ubani waklonyeliswa ngendondo "Ngoba Defense of eMoscow '?

Ngokusho isinqumo uhulumeni, indondo kufanele uthole zonke abavikeli yenhloko-dolobha:

• lempi wonke amabutho ahlomile ezihilelekile kule mpi for eMoscow akuyona esingaphansi 1 inyanga esikhathini kusuka 19.10.41 ku ngonyaka 25.01.42,
• abazihlelele sabo enkabeni yedolobha bakhangisa esifundeni, eyakha izivikelo zilungisa nezempi, kanye ezihilelekile izimpi ecasula futhi ukuzivikela hhayi ngaphansi kuka 1 inyanga ngqo esikhathini esifanayo - kusukela 19.10.41 ku 25.01.42, ngesikhathi
• lamasosha nezakhamuzi - iqhaza ekumeleleni inhlokodolobha esikhathini kusuka 07.22.41 ku ngonyaka 25.01.42,
• abashokobezi ngubani elwa esifundeni Moscow.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu dumo wanikwa empi yakhululwa emzini Tula.

ongakhetha Okungase kube ukubukeka ngendondo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow"

Njengoba yaziwa, indondo wanikezwa phakathi nempi, futhi ngemva kokuqedwa kwalo. Iphethini Imininingwane iyagcinwa, kodwa izinguquko ezenziwe okuyinto kwahluka imivuzo ezempi kanye post-yimpi embodiments inikezwe

• eyelet izindondo, okuyinto yadalwa ngesikhathi sempi, is soldered kuya base, futhi isiqeshana ezimbili ungqimba, esindayo,
• e post-yimpi indlebe isampula elachithwa kanye indondo block kwaba olulodwa-ungqimba, aluminium.

Ukufunda amaqiniso

Umuntu wokuqala ngubani waklonyeliswa ngendondo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow", kwakungu-Iosif uStalin. Yena yanikezelwa 7/20/44, futhi wathola inombolo lehambelanako isitifiketi 000001.

Ngaphambi-January 1, 1995, isamba sezikhungo ezingama indondo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow" lithole engengaphansi kwengu-abantu abangaba ngu-1,028,600. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi intsha engaphezu kwamashumi amabili ayizinkulungwane baklonyeliswa ngendondo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow".

Ukuze ukugqoka ngendondo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow" ohlangothini lwesobunxele kwesifuba (lapho inhliziyo ishaya, ngoba eMoscow - inhliziyo ezweni lakithi). Uma kukhona eminye izindondo, ukuthi "Ukuze Defense of Moscow" kufanele abe umklomelo okulandelayo indondo "Ukuze wezokuVikela kweLeningrad".

Ngezinye izikhathi kubhekiselwa kuzo umklomelo zomlando izincwadi ukuvikela eMoscow, kodwa okubangela ukuba kulotshwe izwi nezwi ayilungile. Oda ayikaze, futhi kwakungekho nje indondo umklomelo "Ngoba Defense of Moscow".