Mark sokuhambisana - njengoba izibambiso. National and international nesikhathi amamaki, PCT uphawu

Umphakathi wanamuhla ibizwa ngokuthi umphakathi umthengi. Manje ezihlukahlukene inqwaba izimpahla liye landa ngendlela olungakaze luvivinywe ngayo. Phakathi abakhiqizi eziningi kangaka ezahlukene kanye abathengi kalula ulahleke futhi kunzima kakhulu ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele futhi ukuthenga ncamashi okudingayo. Ukuze ukugqamisa izimpahla ngempela eliphezulu esixukwini, yasungulwa futhi lakhiwa Mark sokuhambisana - uhlamvu ekhethekile, okuyinto lisetshenziswa umkhiqizo noma kwikhava yawo, futhi utshela umthengi ukuthi umkhiqizo evumelana ejwayelekile wezwe noma kazwelonke.

Ngenxa umkhiqizi elwamukela futhi uphawu sokuhambisana?

Quality Mark ingatholakala njengendlela producer njalo yokuzithandela futhi nakanjani. Ihlola ikhwalithi yezimpahla ngumuntu Certification Commission ekhethekile, okuyinto eyenziwa luhlolo bese uqinisekisa ukuthi lo mkhiqizo noma umkhiqizo uyahambisana nazo zonke iziqondiso ezidingekayo ukuze leli qembu imikhiqizo. Lapho luhlolo is kunakwe izici eziningi - kusukela ubuchwepheshe izithako ezakha imikhiqizo. Izimpawu ukuhambisana kungaba yomphakathi, emhlabeni jikelele, kuzwelonke, noma ngisho eziklanyelwe eqenjini elithile kwezimpahla kanye nemikhiqizo. Ukuba khona uphawu izinga kakhulu okuqinisa ukuthembela umthengi futhi, ekugcineni, bazuze zonke abakhiqizi. Ngakho-ke, izinkampani eziningi nezinhlangano ukuqhuba isitifiketi yokuzithandela kwezimpahla, ngisho noma akudingekile.

indaba

Ekhulwini XIX abathengisi Russian wazama ukuletha izimpahla ukuze senkantolo yasebukhosini, njengoba kwakunjalo lalihamba kahle kakhulu. Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu udumo okusezingeni eliphezulu, umkhiqizo wabo kufanele kube eliphezulu kakhulu, bese-ke ubeke ekhethekile uphawu - Inkantolo Umthengisi we-Imperial seNkosi. On umkhiqizo evumela ukubeka ifulege lesizwe, eqinisekisa ukuthi izimfuno eliphezulu kaKesari yena. Kamuva, uphawu izinga uvele eSoviet Union - inkanyezi pentagonal, afana sibalo womuntu. Lokhu uphawu isitifiketi sokuhambisana futhi ngokusemthethweni uvele 1967, ke okuqinisekisiwe kakhulu izinga izimpahla noma imikhiqizo esikhishwe National Certification Commission isikhathi iminyaka efinyelela kwemithathu. Ukuba khona izinkanyezi athandwayo ivumela umakhi ukwenza 10% premium ukuze intengo, futhi zonke izinkampani zafuna wakhe. Eminyakeni yamuva, i-Soviet Union ezaholela yokuthi imikhiqizo nesikhathi kanye izinga izimpawu, kwakungafanele izinga eliphezulu njengoba eminyakeni eyedlule.

PCT

Ngemva iSoviet Union iwa, ababekade izinga uphawu saphela efanele, futhi indawo uphawu kazwelonke omusha sokuhambisana. amazinga kahulumeni zokukhiqiza akuvunyelwe ngokomthetho uhlolwa emagunyeni afanele kanye nezinkampani. PCT uphawu sokuhambisana (Rostest) lufakwa kuphela kulawo imikhiqizo kanye nemikhiqizo ugunyaziwe Federal Agency for Technical Regulation futhi Metrology Ministry of Industry and Amandla we Russian Federation, noma iziphathimandla abanekhono. Ukubhalisa ezikhishwa Standard State of the Russian Federation ayisebenzisa ngayo izimpawu, okuyinto kuqinisekiswa ilayisensi ekhethekile. Uma lolo phawu ibekwe ku imikhiqizo, ngaphansi kufanele ukhombise ikhodi alphanumeric yomzimba isitifiketi. Ungasebenzisa lesi sithombe izikhangiso, ekhasini elinophawu, esitfombeni kwezimpahla, njll PCT uphawu uqinisekisa umthengi izinga okusezingeni imikhiqizo uthenge, okuyinto lihambisana zonke imithetho kahulumeni kanye nezimfuneko ezingokomthetho yokutholwa Russian Federation.

uphawu Russian

Kusukela ngo-1999, iRussia labetibambile imincintiswano kazwelonke ka lomkhiqizo. Lesi sibonakaliso eyabelwe amaqembu ehlukene kwezimpahla, okuyinto hlala izindawo eziphezulu emncintiswaneni. Mark yesitifiketi sokuhambisana libukeka isibonakaliso pentagonal maphakathi okuyinto isithombe ukhozi ezimbili engumondli. brand IsiRashiya sinamagama degrees ezintathu - emsebenti lofanako izinga, ubuchwepheshe oluseqophelweni yokukhiqiza esezingeni izimpahla. Lesi sibonakaliso okunikezwe engenzi nzuzo futhi ine isikhundla emphakathini. Ukuze abakhiqizi ngubani ukungenisa izimpahla angaphandle ezenziwe emakethe Russian iminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu, kukhona lokuphakamisa ekhethekile - imikhiqizo umphakeli ukuze emakethe Russian.

International izinga izimpawu

Cishe kuwo wonke amazwe athuthukile kufanele siqu amalebula izinga yabo elisenza sithole umkhiqizi, uma wonke amazinga kazwelonke kanye nezidingo enkulu ekwakhekeni imikhiqizo yabo noma imikhiqizo. emazweni ahlukahlukene ninezimiso ezahlukene, isibonelo, kukhona imikhiqizo izithako noma izidakamizwa ukuthi ziyavalwa emazweni amaningana, kodwa ingasetshenziswa ngamanye amazwe. Kulokhu, izimpahla kungaba kuphela uphawu isitifiketi sokuhambisana kazwelonke, uma lihlangabezana nezidingo zomhlaba wonke, khona-ke umenzi bengathola imvume ukusetshenziswa izinhlamvu ngamazwe noma sezizwe ezihlukahlukene.

European izinga izimpawu

Omunye liyabonakala kakhulu futhi kubhekwa kabanzi ukuba CE uphawu - Conformite Europeenne, Sivumo European. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kophawu umkhiqizo lezincwadi uthi hhayi kuphela ukuthi izimpahla high, kodwa mayelana nokuphepha yayo. Lolu phawu lubonisa ukuthi lo mkhiqizo ihambisana namazinga ukukhiqizwa yokutholwa e-European Union. Kuyefana nasendleleni yonke imikhiqizo hhayi oluqanjwe e-Europe, kodwa ufaka European emakethe. Ukuze izimpahla ezikubhizinisi iqembu zikagesi kanye lobuchwepheshe, yoba ENEC uphawu - European Izinkambiso agesi Certification. Ukuba khona uphawu ngale ndlela umkhiqizo uqinisekisa ukuphepha izinga okusezingeni zikagesi. E-UK, uphawu izinga kukhona izinhlamvu BSI - British standarts yezefundo. Wabelwe izinhlelo zokuphatha umkhiqizo kanye izinkulumo mayelana isitifiketi third-party. TUV uphawu - wokugubha omunye izinhlangano endala eJalimane, esiqinisekisa izimpahla ezehlukene kanye nemikhiqizo. Lesi sibonakaliso kungaba senziwe yimuphi umbala lubuye lufake ekhatsi tinhlobo amalebula.

amazinga ISO

ISO, i-International Organisation Sertification - inhlangano sezizwe ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba wonke anikezelwe amazinga. It yadalwa ngo-1946 ne iqhaza ngqo kweSoviet Union, phakathi kwezinye 25 uthi. Amazinga le nhlangano zibaliwe ngokwendlela iqembu kwezimpahla, ukwenza ngokuvumelana nalezi namazinga omhlaba iqinisekisa imikhiqizo high noma imikhiqizo futhi waqaphela emazweni amaningi emhlabeni wonke. Isitifikedi ISO ibekwe phezu imikhiqizo, isembozo noma ngqo umkhiqizo.

izimpawu emvelweni

Eminyakeni yamuva, abantu abaningi bakhathazekile imvelo, futhi ngokuvamile kukhethwa umkhiqizo othize noma imikhiqizo ikhasimende kuncike ukutholakala izimpawu ezithile ezibonisa imvelo imikhiqizo enobungane. I liyabonakala kakhulu zalezi zimpawu - iphuzu angavezwa ngombala oluhlaza noma ngisho omnyama nomhlophe. Lolu phawu kusho ukuthi isembozo kungenziwa kabusha. Umcibisholo, calantsatfu, futhi kusho emaphaketheni imvelo - kabusha imfucuza ukusetshenziswa eminye. Indoda ubhasikidi kusho isicelo yomenzi ukuxosha isembozo kudoti kunokuba izinyawo. Le lebula lisetshenzisiwe izinhlobo zezimpahla enzelwe ukuthi kumele isetshenziswe ngaphandle ekhaya - ezihlukahlukene wrappers, wrappers, njll Esikhathini amazwe CIS kuwuphawu ayevame abakhiqizi ngokungalungile - lingatholakala kwi isembozo wokugeza powder noma umuthi wokuxubha. Ufaka izimpawu ku mikhiqizo umane akwenzi mqondo.

Kukhona wokugubha of izimpahla leqembu elithile, okubonisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo. Ngokwesibonelo, Latin incwadi U kumbuthano emhlabeni wonke lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa ukudla kosher kanye uphawu Vega camomile kwakheka umbala oluhlaza isetshenziselwa lokusebenza imikhiqizo okuyinto enzelwe kuphela izitsha imifino, futhi ibonisa ukuthi umkhiqizo iqukethe engenazo izithako zemifino. unogwaja schematically kudwetshwe nge amazwi Hhayi evivinywa izilwane kusikisela ukuthi isilwane ucwaningo awazange iqhutshwe ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa. izimpawu ezinjalo, bephethe ulwazi olubalulekile ukusiza abathengi wenze ukukhetha esivuna umkhiqizo othize noma imikhiqizo.

Umenzi onesifo imvume yokusebenzisa ilebula izinga, has a inzuzo enkulu in the mncintiswano. Mark sokuhambisana - ke kuyisiqinisekiso sokuthi, uthenga, umthengi engakhubeki lapho kuvezwa aphansi ukuthi sempahla ethengwayo ngeke kubangele umonakalo empilweni noma imvelo.