Mamaev Kurgan e Volgograd. Mamayev Hill - Umlando

Izwe lethu has a unique ku nezenzakalo eziningi emlandweni wayo, njengoba kubonakala umklamo amasayithi, izikhumbuzo, izikhumbuzo. Ezindaweni eziningi kuneminyaka zibaluleke zonke labantu emazweni amaningi Russian Federation ihlanganisa Mamayev Kurgan e Volgograd. Umlando ekwakheni isakhiwo yesikhumbuzo uyakufanelekela umcimbi, behlonipha kabani yayakhiwe.

Mamaev Kurgan

Ngokusho ososayensi abaningi nabantu abahlala Volgograd, endaweni angayazi kunzima ukucabanga. Kungani le ntaba kancane amangalelwe abanqobi eziningi ukuze sabenza bakhangwa ezweni, okwasiza abavikeli wakhe, futhi kungani ezinkulu eziningana kwabawayo ngalolo indunduma? Kuningi yezimfihlakalo nezinganekwane ezizungezile endaweni futhi lesikhumbuzo uqobo.

Lapho benza igama "Mamayev Kurgan"? Umlando lo mbuzo hhayi asinikeza impendulo ecacile. Kukhona izinguqulo eziningana, ngamunye ephethe nabasekeli baso. Okuvame kakhulu igama elihlobene ne-Khan iGolden zidlamlilo, Mamai. Lo mbono isekelwe yokuthi phezu izinqaba amagquma elise AmaTatar. Ngokuvamile ezashiwo okufushane kwezilimi igama, abendawo ngokuthi ukuphakama "idolo" ngolimi izwi iVolga AmaTatar liphinyiselwe ngokuthi "Mama". Omunye umbono uhumusha ukuhunyushwa elithi "umama" nge drevnetibetskogo ngokuthi "unina emhlabeni."

Ukuphakama 102,0 - njengoba lalibizwa kanjalo phakathi nezenzakalo ezibuhlungu kakhulu seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Omunye izintatheli ngokuthi egqumeni "indunduma", futhi lawo mazwi ayenencazelo engokwesiprofetho. Namuhla uyisikhonzi ethuneni elilodwa elikhulu. Kunoma ikuphi, Mamaev Kurgan e Volgograd - endaweni hhayi kuphela emhlabeni odumile, kodwa futhi abalulekile ukuze ezizukulwane eziningi zabantu Russian.

Umlando ngesiduli

Volgograd izikhumbuzo ibekwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile emlandweni emakamu ethu lempi, ikakhulukazi main eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo anikezelwe izenzakalo ezinkulu kwegazi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Phakathi Battle of kwaseStalingrad yayinokuphakama 102 into osendaweni ezibalulekile, kuba izikhathi eziningana lidlule esandleni eyodwa kuya kwenye ngxabano. Lokhu kungenxa indawo ngesiduli - ke olubaluleke phezu lonke sezwe, okukuvumela ukulawula hhayi kuphela edolobheni kodwa futhi owela we iVolga, kanye Trans-iVolga.

Le mpi for Mamayev Kurgan kwaba zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho emlandweni izimpi. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa izinsuku 135, futhi impi ngoba kwaseStalingrad - izinsuku 200 nobusuku obungamashumi amane. Ukunqoba sokugcina kulolu yatholana iwine amabutho aseSoviet, kwaphawulwa ukuthunjwa 102 futhi ukuphakama ifulege kokusiphakamisela. Ukunqoba at kwaseStalingrad kwakushintsha empini, ukubaluleka kanye okutshengisa angabhekani nosizi lokukhulelwa yisikhumbuzo eziyinkimbinkimbi "Motherland".

Mamaev Kurgan baba endaweni yokungcwaba abantu abangaphezu kuka-34 eziyinkulungwane owafa evikela kwaseStalingrad nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Ngemva kwempi, lo amagobolondo angqongqa futhi eligcwele amachashazi, umhlaba isikhathi eside ekhonza njengesikhonzi esishumayela isikhathi lesikhumbuzo ukuze izenzakalo zobuqhawe bonke labo bantu abafa ngenxa ezweni. Umqondo ukumisa isikhumbuzo egqumeni ngo-1959, owawusekelwe yisikhumbuzo Heroes of the Battle of kwaseStalingrad, elakhiwa phezu Mamayev Hill.

eziyinkimbinkimbi Memorial

Le phrojekthi of lesikhumbuzo esizayo yakhelwe eside. Zonke-Union mncintiswano, okwakuhilela hhayi abaklami, abaculi kanye onjiniyela kuphela, kodwa futhi wonke abhebhezela imemori zinsuku waqedwa ngeminyaka 10 nje. I. V Stalin ababekhethwe umakhi induna EV Vucetic, ngaphansi babo ababesebenza Okugweda iqembu onjiniyela kanye abaklami. Mamaev athatha Volgograd limelela Ukwakheka yezakhiwo kanye kwesakhiwo, okuyinto kuhlangene umqondo futhi amafilosofi umthwalo. Le ndawo Imininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi isikhumbuzo amahektha angaphezu kuka 26, ubude - 1.5 km. Iqembu ngalinye sculptural yehlukile abanye, kodwa inikeza ithuba ukukubona konke okuhilelekile we zobuqhawe kwezenzakalo ezibuhlungu zangalolo 1942-43. Umsebenzi eyathatha iminyaka engaphezu kuka-eziyisishiyagalombili, kusukela ngo-1959 kuya ku-1967, phakathi nalesi sikhathi eningi imibono sculptural yobuciko washintsha, izixazululo ubunjiniyela elilungile, wadala bazwakale amafomu sculptural atholakele.

Isakhiwo

Kuze kube manje, vakashela lesikhumbuzo kungaba ubani. Baningi abantu abavela ezigodini ezihlukahlukene zezwe lethu elikhulu bavame ukubona ngamehlo abo lesikhumbuzo omangalisayo lweMpi Enkulu - the Mamayev Hill. Tour of the complex kumahhala, izivakashi eziningi zangaphambi ababejwayelene naye, kodwa wonke umuntu uthi kuphela evakashelwe kule ukuphakama, kungenzeka ukuba aqaphele ubuqhawe we abavikeli ka kwaseStalingrad futhi bazizwa amandla yesikhumbuzo. iqembu sculptural ngendlela elandelayo:

1. Le ndawo yokungena nge okusezingeni eliphezulu impumuzo "Memory izizukulwane".
2. Alley, elalihlotshiswe Lombardy ngaseziseleni.
3. Iqembu sculptural "Yima Baze Bafe" on esigcawini eponymous.
4. impumuzo High omelela emanxiweni kwaseStalingrad ngemva kwempi isiqedile.
5. Square Heroes '.
6. impumuzo Monumental.
7. Military Ehholo Lodumo.
8. Nosizi ndawo, maphakathi okuyinto - ingoma "UYALILA Umama".
9. ethuneni elilodwa elikhulu.
10. "Motherland Izingcingo" - ebaziwe eyinhloko eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo.
11. Okuphansi ethuneni elilodwa elikhulu.
12. All Saints Church.
13. Military Memorial Amathuna.
14. Arboretum esinqeni eyinkimbinkimbi.

"Inkumbulo izizukulwane"

Endaweni yokuqala isikhumbuzo kunodonga-okusezingeni eliphezulu kokuveza abantu bephethe izimbali, amafulegi, namanetha. Njengoba isisu abakhi, isithombe elifanekisela inkumbulo isizukulwane esizayo, ukuthi feat the abavikeli ka kwaseStalingrad ngeke ngikukhohlwe. Bazohlonipha amasosha abanikela ukuphila kwabo ukuthula nenkululeko ezweni lethu, uzonikezwa zonke izizukulwane zabantu Russian. Futhi on esigcawini kukhona Itshe, which busisa hero-dolobha. Nambili niches ukugcina egwadle urns umhlaba othathwe emadolobheni edume. Ukuqhubeka endaweni ukhonza Poplar alley ubude 223 metres uphinde uthele kancane ububanzi 10 m.

Endaweni "Yima Baze Bafe"

Izitebhisi wenza egwadle uyisiphetho Ilungiselelo ngaseziseleni. It iphela endaweni ichibi elithiwa iyisonto ebaziwe ka "Impi." Hero ngesibhamu esandleni Yenziwe block Monolithic zamatshe. Lokhu Ukwakheka imelela inkathi enzima kakhulu Battle of kwaseStalingrad, lapho isibindi amasosha aseSoviet waphula inkolelo esitha ayenganqobeki yakhe. Enethwa izinhlamvu zezibhamu neziqhumane isitha babe abantu owadelela ukufa walunguza ebusweni bakhe. Warrior uvuka kusukela ezweni lakubo. Yena emkhonzayo uwuzime oluthembekile ehoreni esibi kunazo lokulwa. Indawo "Yima Baze Bafe" ophela ezitebhisini ehlanganisa izinyathelo 200 - inani izinsuku ezingaki nobusuku obungaki, impi ngoba kwaseStalingrad.

amanxiwa

Kanye izinyathelo eziholela maphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo ngesimo ukuphakama udonga 18 no-46 budze wenza esiqoshiwe sase-. On the izindonga - yonke indaba le ngxabano nobuqhawe. Bahlabeka izimbobo ichashazi surface camera imibhalo yabo inokwethenjelwa nemibiko kusuka yesehlakalo empini. Musical ihambisana umsindo isizinda - wezwa izingoma kweminyaka yempi izwi Levitan sika lidlulisela isimo ngesikhathi izimpi, okuhloliwe kwaphinde kwakhiqizwa imisindo lwempi. Kabusha emkhathini esongela isikhathi, ukuze udlulisele umoya abavikeli ohlangothini lwesobunxele odongeni ivezwa isifungo kwaseStalingrad.

Heroes Square kanye nesisombululo omkhulukazi

Ukuze singene Ehholo Military Inkazimulo, bonke izivakashi Mamayev Hill kukhona izindlela ohlangothini ngumuntu yokubhukuda ezinkulu, okuyinto ehlobo ugcwele amanzi. Heroes Square, wabehlukanisa baba yizingxenye ezimbili. Ohlangothini lwesokunene kunamaqembu sculptural. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange amasayithi eziyisithupha lapha, sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo, elingamamitha ayisithupha ukuphakama. Zibonisa real impi izigcawu nezenzakalo bomuzi. imitha-100 banner zenzeka ohlangothini lwesobunxele zilotshiwe emigqeni abonisa umoya nomuzi kwaseStalingrad abavikeli. impumuzo Monumental - udonga lapho abaculi ziye zabonakalisa yesigameko okuhlaselayo Soviet, zokunqoba kwabo, ngaleyo ndlela avalele amabutho esitha.

Ehholo Military Glory

Ukubeka cylindrical ukuma, esemgwaqweni phakathi kwengalo imitha ezinhlanu ephakamisa ilangabi okuphakade, libhekisela izithombe esakazwa kunazo agcwele Volgograd ezikhangayo. Photo nesithombe into yezakhiwo ingatholakala imithombo eminingi. Hall lunikezelwe imemori phakade labo zawa izimpi for kwaseStalingrad futhi Mamayev Kurgan. Ophahleni isakhiwo ikhombisa imiklomelo isimo ezindongeni - 34 amabhanela obomvu, ngamunye equkethe amagama masosha afile. Okuphakade Flame njalo abeke izimbali kanye amagoda ezimbali, amaqhawe ayisheshi, phakade endundumeni.

Nosizi Area okumvulela labo abeza aphume Ehholo Lodumo. Centre yilona qembu sculptural "UYALILA Umama". Anginawo amazwi okuchaza ubuhlungu izinkulungwane zomama uhlangothi, abafazi nezingane walabo empi engabuyi empini. Lake wezinyembezi ozungezayo lesikhumbuzo, okuyinto liphuma nosizi okungapheli phezu kwamanzi. Mamaev Kurgan e Volgograd - isikhumbuzo Ukunqoba Omkhulu kanye ukuhlupheka okukhulu kwabantu abanengi be-eSoviet Union.

"Motherland Izingcingo"

Ukuziqhenya ihlanganisa wonke umuntu ubona eziyinkimbinkimbi isikhumbuzo isikhumbuzo APC. Ukuqopha "Motherland" - uphawu kwelive letfu, kuhlanganise nemizi ezifana Volgograd. Mamayev Kurgan (izithombe kweminyaka yempi ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa lesikhumbuzo, namuhla bahlale befunwa, inzalo ukuze yisikhumbuzo sihamba nge isikhathi) uzama ukuvakashela zonke izivakashi komuzi ukubona emehlweni enkazimulo yakhe.

Kuze kube manje, ebaziwe "Motherland" likhona uhlu 10 eliphakeme kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Okwamanje, uye isipikili ukwakhiwa ukuphakama futhi afakwe Guinness Book of Records. Inkemba ngesifanekiso (33 m - ubude inkemba) - 85 amamitha, kuba ozwakala ngaphakathi bese unikezwe uhlelo metallic intambo ekuvimbeleni ekubhujisweni. Owesifazane iqhawe ukushaya abazalwane namadodana akhe, ngingene empini zonke izinto abenzela okuyigugu kuleli zwe - lokhu kubonakala kithi Motherland. Esifanekisweni imi iphuzu esiphezulu ngesiduli isisekelo kufihlwe ngaphansi komhlaba, esisekelweni ongaphakeme kunikeza umuzwa nje ngisahlose multi-ton isakhiwo. Ebusuku, lo "Motherland" is zikhanyiswa izibani ezinamandla. It kungabonakala kusukela kuphi emzini, futhi ukanye ijame iVolga. Phansi lesikhumbuzo itholakala ngendlela okungcwatshwa ngayo amasosha nezikhulu, abantu abangaba izinkulungwane 35 bangcwatshwe emithambekeni endundumeni. Kuze kube namuhla, kukhona into eqinisekile ukuthi zonke fighters wathola imivubukulo Ngokuqhubeka athole izinsalela sidluliselwe Military Memorial Amathuna, obadalwa muva nale ngenjongo.