Lokuphela kwenkathi ebikhona yamanzi kakhukhunathi? Kungani isiphuzo imfashini emhlabeni inganyamalala kusukela emashalofini?

Kubantu imfashini nezicebi, kuhlanganise osaziwayo ezifana Rihanna, Madonna noma Mettyu Makkonahi, amanzi kakhukhunathi ezingavamile ezikhishwe izinhlobo elimnandi of nati, iyona isiphuzo main ngisho kuwumthombo wemali khona.

amanzi Coconut okuthengiswa brand okunethezeka, futhi izindleko baso bafinyelela $ 7 ngalinye 330 ml. Mayelana intengo esifanayo champagne.

elichumayo emakethe

Akungabazeki ukuthi emakethe kakhukhunathi eba. Imali yonyaka wonke ekukhiqizeni yamanzi kakhukhunathi okwamanje simi ku-2 billion US dollars. Kulindeleke ukufinyelela $ 4 billion kuleminyaka emihlanu ezayo.

Ngo-2007, u-25% wamasheya Vitacoco, brand ezinkulu yamanzi kakhukhunathi, kwathengwa $ 7 miliyoni inkampani Verlinvest. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa, omunye engu-25% Vitacoco ukwabelana zabuye ithengiswe, kulokhu Red Bull inkampani Chinese, ngoba abantu abalinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-166 zamaRandi.

Abanye abadlali ezinkulu ibhizinisi ukwenziwa amanzi kakhukhunathi zihlanganisa Coca-Cola Inkampani futhi PepsiCo. Okwamanje, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 ukuthengisa le isiphuzo.

kwezitshalo abalulekile

Kodwa kukhona esinye uhlangothi kule ndaba. Coconut ingenye ukudla izitshalo 35 ezisohlwini Isijobelelo 1 we-International iSivumelwano kuyi-Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Ukhukhunathi abhekwa ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha kokudla emhlabeni jikelele. Ngo-2014, Food and Agriculture Organization, ukukhiqizwa ezweni ukhukhunathi kwaba engamathani ayizigidi ezingu-61,5.

Lena indlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokuziphilisa abalimi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-11, abaningi kubo abasekhona abakhiqizi ezincane. Zikhula nezihlahla zikakhukhunathi ku kumahekthare ayizigidi ezingu-12 emazweni angaba ngu-94 emhlabeni wonke. Coconut isihlahla saziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "kungumuthi wokuphila" ngoba zonke izingxenye zayo ziwusizo.

imikhiqizo

Imikhiqizo eziyinhloko copra (omisiwe kwangaphakathi nut uginindela, esetshenziselwa ukwenziwa uwoyela) kanye khoba ize iyofinyelela embewini, okuyinto iwumthombo obalulekile fibre. Muva nje, njengoba sesibonile, lapho nakho kwaba ukufuneka kakhulu amanzi ithenda kakhukhunathi namafutha kakhukhunathi.

amantongomane lonke ovuthiwe akhishwa futhi uthengiswa ezimbonini kakhukhunathi nebhotela. Okungenani uhhafu wabo bonke ukhukhunathi esekhulile babambeke ngu bendawo.

ukwehluka zofuzo

Zeminyaka, abantu kancane ukukhetha futhi kutshalwe izinhlobo eziningi kakhukhunathi, ayisebenzise ngezinhloso eziningi.

Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni ukwehluka kakhulu morphological, okuyinto lubonakaliswa anhlobonhlobo imibala, ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi ayilingani izithelo. Kodwa idigri ku ikakhulukazi engaziwa embulungeni yonke. A msebenzi omkhulukazi ukuthi osekwenziwe abalimi ukutshala ukhukhunathi Sekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka nososayensi phakathi nekhulu lama-20, uhlala kakhulu bengahlonishwa.

izinhlobo eziyivelakancane ukhukhunathi, kakhukhunathi ezifana nezinkomo, zihlakulela futhi zilondoloza eNdiya. Kodwa abantu abaningi basuke kungacatshangelwa nokucatshangelwa njengoba ukhukhunathi, ikakhulukazi West.

Izinhlobonhlobo okule

izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ukhukhunathi, okungaba kubalulekile ikusasa kwezolimo, zinyamalale ngenxa yokulahlekelwa zolwazi lwendabuko, ushintsho ngokushesha landscape yezolimo, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye westernization.

Ngenxa fragility Isiqhingi simiso semvelo Pacific esifundeni - kungenzeka lokhu endaweni lapho ukulahlekelwa eliphakeme.

Ngo-vo yamuva nje kuyi-Cook Islands ukuba ososayensi ngomzamo omkhulu Ngakwazi ukuthola uhlobo kakhukhunathi, lazise phakathi bendawo njengoba mangaro niu. Lona uhlobo ezingavamile kakhukhunathi, okuyinto yokuqothulwa.

Husk izithelo akhe angavuthiwe, okuyinto kwezinye zinhlobo, ngokuvamile ezinzima futhi astringent, kuyinto mnene, amnandi futhi ezidliwayo. Kungaba ezokuhlafunwa like umoba. Uma izithelo uvuthwe, husk Imicu yotshani asemhlophe nasebubini.

Ucwaningo olwenziwa abacwaningi owawuse ngokuhlanganyela kwezolimo isimo. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa, wathatha mnene kakhukhunathi futhi waqala ukuhlafuna. Khona-ke wama wathi: ". Angifuni abantu wendawo ukuba azongibona udle niu mangar, ngoba uyongithatha ungiyise abantu abampofu?"

Ukusetshenziswa izithelo bendzabuko namanje beqonda njengoba umuntu aba naso emphakathini, ngoba awubhekene indlela "yanamuhla" yokufundwa ukuphila. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazwe ukudla ukusetshenziswa uthathwa njengophawu lokuthi okwamanje nengcebo.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezihlukahlukene bendzabuko namanje ezazithandwa Isizukulwane esidala, kodwa intsha abazi mayelana rarity nokubaluleka kwamasiko kulezi.

International "kakhukhunathi" umhlangano

ukusimama komnotho ezithinta kulondolozwe ukhukhunathi, kwaxoxwa emihlanganweni emibili ngamazwe ihlelwe 2016 by Asian and Pacific Coconut Community, Indonesia kanye nase-Central Research Institute e-India.

Izingxoxo ezifakwe ukulinganiselwa kanye nezinzuzo elihlobene ne izici begazi ukhukhunathi; zinhlobo ukulondolozwa e genebanks yesikhungo; ulwazi yabalimi mayelana biology okuzala ka izitshalo; izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho Dynamics kanye izinyathelo zezombusazwe.

Amabhizinisi amakhulu kanye nokuntuleka imali ucwaningo

International Network kakhukhunathi imithombo zofuzo (cogent) Okwamanje kuhlanganisa 41 izindiza, oveza ukhukhunathi, okuyinto ngaphezu kuka 98% zekhofi emhlabeni wonke. Imisebenzi yaso ahloselwe ukongiwa kanye zizalela izinhlobo.

Coconut germplasm emelelwa cishe 400 ne-1600 amamaki sortoobraztcov 24 izinqolobane zezakhi. Accessions kukhona eyisisekelo amayunithi genebank.

Esimweni ngasinye umuntu kakhukhunathi entendeni sortoobrazets siqukethe 45-150 zezandla. Basuke ebhaliswe kakhukhunathi izinsiza zofuzo database kanye ikhathalogi global.

Cogent nayo abasebenza Ukulandelanisa ufuzo kakhukhunathi kohlaka wokubambisana phakathi izinhlangano zocwaningo e Côte d'Ivoire, eFrance nase-China.

Naphezu kuyanda emakethe emhlabeni, abalimi abaningi kakhukhunathi akuzona ehlelekile ngokwanele, kanye nokutshalwa ocwaningweni abangelutho.

Umthamo wonyaka izinga lokutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni, obekungadala ngokwanele ukuxazulula eziningi izinkinga ka ukhukhunathi ezikhulayo, emhlabeni kwezigidi ezingu 3-5 zamadola. Kodwa izinkampani ezizimele uyazuza boom emakethe, kusekhona cishe akazibandakanyi uxhaso ucwaningo.

Ikakhulukazi kakhukhunathi ukutshalwa

Coconut - isitshalo zisetshenziswa ongatheli izithelo unyaka wonke, kodwa izihlahla kakhulu ezikhulayo kungathatha isikhathi eside. Abatshalizimali abanesifiso inzuzo esheshayo, ahlale madolonzima ukukhokhela kweyishumi izinhlelo zocwaningo, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuba kulungiswe kahle lapho umuntu enezinkinga ezihambisana ukutshala ukhukhunathi.

Emazweni ezikhula ukhukhunathi, antulayo genebanks kanye laboratories awunawo kudingekile isabelomali, nezisebenzi, kwezikhali nokuqeqeshwa lobuchwepheshe elawulwa impova bhukwana, kanye neminye imisebenzi, ezifana iqoqo, kuvetwa kwebalingisi kanye ukukhethwa amasampula.

Brands ezikhiqiza amanzi kakhukhunathi uzokwazi uthole izigidigidi wawulingana ukhukhunathi Ziningi futhi zihlukahlukene. Okubaluleke kakhulu, abantu emhlabeni wonke ekulondekeni kwalo mkhiqizo esibalulekile. Ivikela ikusasa labo kufanele kuze kuqala noma ubani likhula ukhukhunathi, azidle futhi uthola kubo inzuzo.