Lapho tilapia eyayitholakala itholakala endaweni yazo yemvelo? Indlela yokutshala tilapia eyayitholakala? Tilapia eyayitholakala - lokho inhlanzi?

On emashalofini ezitolo zethu kanye nasemakhaya aquarists namuhla umuntu angabona ngokuvamile ukubona lezi zinhlobo zezinhlanzi, okuyinto eside hhayi ngakho edlule kwakunokwenzeka ukufunda kuphela kuma-encyclopedia. Isibonelo esimangalisayo - tilapia eyayitholakala.

Ethandwa kakhulu kuba izinhlanzi aquarium, njengoba izici zayo zokuziphatha ukubukeka ezithakazelisa hhayi kuphela Wabasaqalayo, kodwa ngisho art zihlaba.

Ngubani yena?

Ake sicabangele lokho kuhlanganisa tilapia eyayitholakala. Luhlobo luni lwenhlanzi okungenzeka lo? Lona kwakuwumsebenzi bohlobo olubanzi, okuqondene cichlidae umndeni (Cichlids). Kuhlanganisa okungenani eziyikhulu izinhlobo ezivamile ezindaweni ezishisayo futhi ezisondelene nazo. Muva nje, ichthyologists wabelane uhlanga okukhulu nezinye ezimbili: Oreochromis futhi Sarotherodon.

Kuze kube manje, lo division uyekwa, njengoba umehluko phakathi abamele lezi zinhlobo zimbalwa futhi ziyantula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba yinkimbinkimbi ochwepheshe njalo wengeze okuningi futhi iqiniso lokuthi tilapia eyayitholakala zasendle - inhlanzi, uthambekela beyizalaniselana.

Ngenxa yalokho, ngisho emanzini engokwemvelo Afrika nazo eziningi nzalo, ukuthi ukuqonda ngokwehlukahlukana kwabo ngokuvamile abakwazi ngisho nokuzitholela lokho Izazi ngisho abanolwazi.

Igama lonke clan wamnika omele ngobukhulu ubani kuze kube yilolu suku uhlala endaweni Afrika Lake Malawi. Ezinye izazi zigomela ngokuthi ukuvela kwalesi "igama" engavamile nomthelela Aristotle edumile kakhulu.

Kuthiwa ngelinye ilanga wayevakashele umngane etafuleni lapho esanda kuphothula tilapia eyayitholakala. "Luhlobo luni lwenhlanzi okungenzeka lo!" - wababaza Archimedes. Usosayensi lanyakazisa ukunambitheka emangalisayo kangaka ibele lakhe, yena ngokudabukela wathi: "Yeka isihawu ukuthi lokhu" tilapia eyayitholakala ". Uma sihumusha leli zwi livela kuJehova nesiGreki yahunyushelwa esiNgisini isiRashiya, kuyacaca ukuthi pundit nje saddened yokuthi uhlala kuze kube kakhulu.

Ukubukeka nezici yemvelo

Ukubukeka likubeka ngokucacile, ngoba umzimba iDemo nge uhlaka olunzima ezinye bavumelane ukuphakama kwakhe, okuyinto ezinye izinhlobo zawo 2.5 izikhathi ubude. Inhloko ubuye omkhulu futhi ngandlela-thile iluhlaza. Izingane nabesifazane musa ziyehluka elihlale umbala.

Umbala yabo ubuswa imibala grey nezesiliva. On onqenqemeni ezingemuva ikhava gill banalo pretty big ndawo round ukuma. Lokhu umbala lihlotshaniswa indawo yemvelo, uma kutholakala ngokwemvelo tilapia eyayitholakala fish lapho lolu hlobo kutholakala ezansi eziningi inzika nasemifantwini yamadwala, phakathi lapho kukhona nhlobo nezitshalo sifihle.

Amaduna sihle: e umbala obusa oluhlaza nge sheen metallic. Phakathi nenkathi yokukhwelana livela ezinhlangothini izindawo ezine ezinkulu ezimhlophe, udebe lwangezansi kanti ikhava gill nayo ngokuba umthunzi white. Lapho nje lo wesilisa ifinyelela ekuthombeni, pectoral yakhe amaphiko ijulile obomvu, futhi umzimba - Velvety abamnyama. On the amaphiko futhi fin caudal babe izilongotshane emhlophe.

Amazinyo la inhlanzi kabi athuthukile, short. Izikali ezinkulu. Imvelo ukudla unika amathumbu: yinde kakhulu, yakha eziningi kakhulu izihibe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi tilapia eyayitholakala (okuyinto inhlanzi, usuwazi) ibusa inani elikhulu ukudla luyingxenye zemifino.

zizalela Izici

Phawula ukuthi enye izici eziyingqayizivele lezi inhlanzi zawo dimorphism ngokobulili. Eqinisweni, kwabesilisa nabesifazane ngokucacile akachazeki, kodwa ezimweni eziningi phansi kuzo - a term kunalokho isihlobo, kusukela inhlanganisela ethile yezici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, yokudla noma ezingeni lokushisa elifanele we nabesifazane, abesilisa ungathola.

Ngamafuphi nje, phakathi bale zinhlobo imayelana 70% hermaphrodites kufihlwe. Yingakho le nhlanzi busakazeke kakhulu kangangokuthi: emzimbeni yamanzi kungenziwa ikhishwe kuphela ambalwa abantu yomuntu wesilisa noma wesifazane ukuze ngemva kweminyaka embalwa ke uye waphila sonke sabantu.

ubunjalo amandla

Naphezu kokwanda izitshalo ukudla, lezi zinhlanzi ngokufanelekile kungenziwa ngokuthi omnivores. Amafomu Aurea, uMariya, kanye yeNayile waseMozambique yohlobo lwazo zidla yimuphi udaba eziphilayo.

Uma sikhuluma melanopleurusah noSila, ngokuvamile makhulu inyama okumsulwa. Ngokuvamile, ososayensi kakade ebhaliwe ngaphezu zincwadi ziphakathi kokulandisa okuvelele kweshumi ngendima enkulu yalezi zinhlobo anawo inhlabathi.

ukusabalala Geographical

lenkaba zomlando kubhekwa eMpumalanga Afrika. Yande lezi zinhlobo eZanzibar futhi Natal. Ezikhathini zasendulo, bona ziyasatshalalaiswa emikhawulweni yonke yakwa-Israyeli (lapho tilapia eyayitholakala ngokuthi "inhlanzi St kaPetru" kusukela ngezikhathi zeBhayibheli ezaziwa), Jordan neSiriya. Kusukela ngo-1830 (sibonga bomkhankaso French) waqala ukunwetshwa zabo ezinkulukazi e mpumalanga ye-Asia.

Ezweni lethu tilapia eyayitholakala fish (elinendawo isithombe esihlokweni) laqanjwa hobbyists. Kunobufakazi bokuthi lokhu kwakwenziwa phambi 1917. Kusukela ngo-1960, baqale ngenjongo sihlakulele ku ichibi lwaluyophola of NPP, izitshalo amandla kanye nezinye izikhungo yezimboni, njengoba kulezi izimo kubalulekile ukuba tilapia eyayitholakala bakwazi ukuchitha izimila yasemanzini. Ezindaweni eningizimu (Krasnodar, isibonelo) kwemithombo yokufakelwa zezinhlanzi sabanjwa emifuleni kanye amachibi.

Amanothi aquarists

Uma unentshisekelo ukufuya tilapia eyayitholakala endaweni aquarium ekhaya, kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi abesilisa yalezi zinhlobo zingafani wokuziqambela kakhulu, bedinga aquarium enkulu nge endaweni efanele ngezansi.

Ukuze aquarists, zingabantu umnandi kakhulu ngokuziphatha yayo ahlukahlukene kanye ikhono lokwenza uxhumane nomuntu. Ngakho, basheshe bacala kubona inkosi yayo, kulula ukuze lihlukaniswe abanye abantu willingly ephelele singesabi ukuthatha ukudla ezandleni zakhe.

ukubaluleka kwezomnotho

Kodwa ezweni lethu izinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo kulezi inhlanzi akwaziwa ngenxa yokuziphatha kwabo ezithakazelisayo. Iqiniso lokuthi emashalofini izitolo zokuthenga ukudla, ungabona ezimangalisayo "Umfula inkukhu" noma "inkukhu kolwandle". Njengoba tilapia eyayitholakala etshalwa? Ngempela, amanzi zemvelo ivolumu ezinjalo lokubanjwa kwakuyodingeka kudala abuqede ukudoba yayo!

Njengoba sishilo kakade, ngezinga ezimbonini ngokuvamile yakhulela ezahlukene Ukupholisa echibini. Kodwa iningi ukudla namuhla tilapia eyayitholakala ezifuywa eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia, lapho omunye kungaba ngokuvamile ukubona giant izinhlanzi amapulazi. Babukeka njengezihlahla amakhulu amachibi kancane bekhungathekile.

Ngokuvamile, ukutshala lezi zinhlanzi elusizo kakhulu kusukela iphuzu kwezomnotho umbono. Njengoba bedla cishe konke, awudingi nezindleko okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngeshwa, ukudla abonakele ngokuvamile udlala indima ihlaya ezimbi nabasebenzisi ekupheleni.

Ngokwesibonelo, abanye abalimi Asian zisebenzisa ukuwondla umquba. Lutho ezingezona ezemvelo kule, ngoba tilapia eyayitholakala is ngaphakathi kahle kabusha fibre, kodwa inkinga ku amaqanda izibungu, okuyinto ke kungahle isikhathi eside ukuhlala izinhlanzi eziningi.

Kungani idume kangaka?

Kungani ngabameli lolu hlobo sezivame kakhulu e aquaculture emhlabeni wonke? Futhi akusiyo kuphela Asia, kodwa ngisho eNyakatho Melika, lapho ngokukhethekile yokuzalanisa amachibi izitshalo kanti ezinye izitshalo zezimboni obomvu tilapia eyayitholakala elisuselwa.

Into wukuthi inyama yalezi izinhlanzi kunobuciko oncomekayo, iqukethe eziningi amino acid kanye amavithamini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo pre-ezimbonini (kusuka gazinga ukuba isidumbu) tilapia eyayitholakala kuza nje kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, kuyilapho esiningi okungenamsoco yemifino udoti noma ngisho nokudla ukhula e yabulala namachibi ezinhlanzi.

Yingakho tilapia eyayitholakala (inhlanzi salokhu, siyatshelwa) waba ngowesibili into evamile umkhakha aquaculture, owesibili ngobukhulu ngemva kwakhe izinhlobo ezithile carp.