Kwabantu mercury ngokwemvelo futhi empilweni

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala mercury kweziningi ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla usuku, bahlehlela emuva mayelana V leminyaka BC Ngalezo zikhathi ke likhishwe ngenkathi indlela aziwayo kuphela - ngokudutshulwa cinnabar (kwakwakhe isibabule) kanye namalahle. Lapho Ukushisa cinnabar ahlahlele mercury yayo nesibabule, lona wamuva ihlanganisa ne-mpilo futhi yakha kwakwakhe oluyingozi. Ekamelweni lokushisa, kwabantu mercury (kg / M3) kuyinto 13 545.7 amakhilogremu ngalinye imitha cubic, nalo - kwensimbi kuphela ukuba sigcine ezimweni ezijwayelekile esimweni liquid.

Emvelweni, kwabantu eyisihlobo mercury uphansi futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe 0.03 - 0,09 mg kilogram of rock ngayinye. ezifakwa kanzulu ezingajwayelekile, ikakhulu i-mercury compounds basuke ngokoqobo kulo lonke ungqimba eduze-kobuso ungqimba lomhlaba. Emhlabeni wonke kukhona mayelana 5000 ezifakwa lokhu metal, okuyinto ngaphansi ukuthuthukiswa mayelana kuphela 500. Ngokusho idatha yesayensi yanamuhla, kwabantu okuningi ephakeme mercury (isihlobo kwezinye izingxenye) kwaphawuleka ngesembatho eMhlabeni, lapho hits kwamanzi futhi emkhathini nge mlilo, ukuzamazama komhlaba, amaphutha zomhlaba, njll Okubizwa ngokuthi ukuphefumula we mercury iplanethi ahwamuka ekujuleni oda 3 000 wamathani mercury ngonyaka; abantu (uma ukholelwa ukuthi ososayensi kulinganiselwa) kunezela le cishe 4000 wamathani ngonyaka. Nokho, ngo-ngesilinganiso value kwamaplanethi Kungabonakala sengathi senza okuncane, kufanele acabangele solubility eliphansi kakhulu kakhulu mercury compounds, ngenxa ezingamalungu cishe aphume emzimbeni.

Ikhono of izinsimbi ezisindayo kuya olwenzeka kancane kancane - sici kubuhlungu ngempela, ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela ukuthi basuke egcinwe hhayi kuphela abantu kodwa futhi isilwane nezicubu ukukhonza ukudla kwethu. I kwabantu isihlobo mercury zanqwabelana emzimbeni sesilwane, hhayi ngoba zinhlobo ezahlukene efanayo; Ngaphezu kwalokho, ehlaselwe olwenzeka endaweni kanye nobudala. Ukuze Ngokwesibonelo, inhlanzi okuzingela kancane kancane buthelela izicubu zabo kwakwakhe equkethe mercury; kwabantu lezi zakhi njengoba ukuphila we izilwane ezidla ezinye bukhula ngokushesha kuka izinhlanzi ukuthi badla ukudla isitshalo. Lokhu isici okumelwe icatshangelwe, ikakhulukazi uma umzimba yamanzi lapho babamba izinhlanzi wadalula indle. iziphetho ezifanayo futhi ivumelekile zinhlobo eliwumhlaba izilwane nezinyoni.

Naphezu ubuthi okusezingeni eliphezulu mercury ukwenqaba ukusetshenziswa kwalo kungenzeka neze. Mhlawumbe owaziwa kakhulu kwesicelo yayo thermometer wezokwelapha (inhlanganisela ezinhle: imithi futhi ubuthi frank). Sebenzisa mercury njengoba nesilinganiso lokushisa nje isuke ibangelwa inhlanganisela yayo kunenzuzo kokuvamile yezimfanelo: 1) uhla enkulu okushisa kulinganiswa; 2) iyunifomu kunalaba olunye uketshezi, extensibility (ethuthukisa ukunemba nesilinganiso); 3) sokungabi nhlobo ogelezayo nokumanzisa ingilazi mercury; 4) ongaphakeme ukushisa umthamo, ukuhlinzeka impendulo esheshayo izinga lokushisa nokushintsha izimo zangaphandle.

Akufanele kube ngaphansi okwandile ngokuthi izibani Fluorescent lapho emisebeni eyenziwe mercury umusi ngaphansi isenzo kukhanya khulula. Ngokuvamile mercury kwabantu (noma kunalokho umusi walo) e isibani lincane, ingcindezi phansi ekhiqizwa nge igesi engaxubani namakhemikhali. ukukhanya Kubonakala livela ngokusebenzisa phosphor imali kwi kobuso ingilazi: ultraviolet mercury umusi is egxile ngokuphelele, futhi amandla is isakazwe kule uhla ebonakalayo. Ikhwalithi ukukhanya (umbala, lokuqhubeka spectrum) kuxhomeke Ukwakheka ethile phosphor. Ukuze izakhiwo zokuhlala Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe isibani nge ukukhanya afudumele (noma inhlanganisela izibani efudumele futhi emini isethi), ngoba ehhovisi usuku oluhle kakhulu, okusho kancane izibani more cool.