Kuyini, mushroom esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni?

EChina, ososayensi bathole ukhunta enkulu, okubhekisele Polypore (F. Ellipsoidea). Isisindo sayo izithelo umzimba - mayelana 500 kg, ubude makromitsetov ifinyelela-10 metres uphinde uthele kancane ububanzi esiphezulu -. Mayelana 80 cm Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngezinye yobudala engaphansi kuka-iminyaka engu-20. Iqukethe ezinhlamvu abayizigidi ezingama-450.

Polypore - a amakhowe elimila ukhuni nomhlabathi. Ngaphandle, abaprofethi bamanga zihlukile kusukela macromycetes "zakudala". Izithelo imizimba yabo ngokuvamile kodwa amapuleti eqinile flat. Kutholakele eChina, enkulu mushroom Tinder isikhathi eside wakhula ngaphansi komhlaba, ngakho ethukusiwe singabonakali. Lokhu kwavumela macromycetes sikhule enjalo osayizi enkulu. Ososayensi owathola ukhunta, bathi kuleyo ndawo eziningi Tinder, kodwa ngaphambi enjalo zezinhlobo ezinkulu akekho uye okwamanje ezitholakele. Bathi nje wafunda macromycetes zendawo ngephutha ngakhubeka egqumeni brown ongaziwa. Ocwaningweni olunemininingwane ethe xaxa wayengumuntu Tinder okukhulu.

Nokho, mushroom enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo ziye zatholakala e-United States relict amahlathi. He kubhekwa eziphilayo into ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Nokho, uma umfundi acabanga a amakhowe nenkundla indlu, oyodumazeka. Makromitsetov izilinganiso indawo uju noma amnyama (Armillaria ostoyae) ingena kalula esandleni hhayi obonakalayo futhi. Lonke iphuzu eziyizimbangela endaweni, lapho okuhlumayo Oregon ehlathini mayelana iminyaka 2500, ukubhubhisa izinhlelo empandeni yemithi endleleni yayo. Ngakho-ke, mushroom kubhekwa monster. mycelium zayo, okuyinto umzimba owodwa, bangazihluphi 880 amahektha omunye zokulondolozwa e Oregon. tentacles zayo zitholakala komhlaba sisithandele insimu alinganayo ngobukhulu e 1665 nanhlanu zebhola. Ngakho-ke, lokhu macromycetes futhi iyona enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Yiqiniso, abantu abaningi banesithakazelo umbuzo wokuthi ukudla mushroom enkulu? Oregon sezinto eziphilayo Tina Dreysbach uthi uju lwezinyosi agaric ezidliwayo. Nokho, kukhona "silo", wayengeke ukweluleka. Tina uthi yize ukhunta futhi ngokuthi uju, kunambitheka ngempela amnandi, niwudle kungaba ne eziningi garlic kanye ibhotela.

Izazi zezinto eziphilayo ezikholelwa American manje umsebenzi oyinhloko iwukufunda ukulawula ekukhuleni macromycetes mycelium. Ngenxa ukhunta enkulu Armillaria njengoju lwezinyosi emhlabeni kungaba uyosula wonke amahlathi. Inkinga naye yokuthi macromycetes zenzelwe ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka ngendlela engokwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, kokuphazamiseka sokuthuthuka, ingase ibe nomthelela omubi semvelo Oregon amahlathi. Ososayensi ukutadisha umzimba bese uphinde ukuba sibikezele imiphumela yanoma yisiphi isinyathelo. Izithombe mushroom enkulu ungabona kulesi sihloko.

Uma sikhuluma macromycetes bendabuko ngomqondo ezivamile, umholi we usayizi kungenziwa ngokuthi Macrocybe Titans, okuyinto lukhula emazweni baseCaribbean nase-United States. Kwelinye eningizimu zaseMexico e 2007. ndlovu watholakala, ogama isisindo engu-20 kg, ukuphakama -. Nokho, 70 cm, lokhu okwatholakala asigcini. Ngo-2005 e-United States baye bathola mushroom kabani isisindo babelingana inamba 28+ amakhilogramu. usayizi okunjalo enkulu yenza lokhu macromycetes into ukunakwa omphakathi ngokwesayensi.