Kuyini ice futhi kuzole. imishini ukuphepha imithetho yokuziphatha

Ngezikhathi ezithile sizwa sezulu 1-2 kulezi zinsuku ezizayo. Ngakho-ke, ebusika, ngesinye isikhathi kumele abhekane imiqondo ezifana "ice" futhi "ice omnyama." Ingabe wake wazibuza ukuthi iqhwa kanye ingele? Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa omunye futhi okufanayo. Cha! Lezi ezimbili ezingafani nhlobo! Uyazi ukuthi baziphathe kanjani ngesikhathi ice neqhwa abamnyama, ukuze singathwesi lushelele futhi uthole ukulimala kakhulu? Ake ithe "i" futhi sibone ukuthi yini lokho lapha.

Kuyini ice?

Incazelo yaleli umqondo kungabonwa esusela lwezesayensi iphuzu ezimfushane umbono. Ngokombono ongokwesayensi, uqweqwe lukashukela libizwa sebethule ice kulawo noma amakhabethe nokunye ngomuthi edalulwa. Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulu ohlangothini windward futhi ukugqashuka ngu zeqhwa supercooled amaconsi emvula ezifana imvula nomoya kuphela ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi.

Ngamagama ngaphezulu elula, iqhwa - Ukwakheka kwezitho izihlahla, izintambo futhi phansi iqhwa kuhlobane ngokuqondile imvula umnkantsha esasiwe phezu abandayo ashisa ezimbi. Yilokho iqhwa!

Ngasiphi lokushisa kukhona ice?

Ngomqondo onabile, kuvamile impela ebusika. It is baphawula okushisa kusuka degrees 0 kuya -12 Celsius futhi plus-amanani asuka 0 kuya +3 degrees Celsius.

Kwenzeka kaningi kangakanani?

Ngakho, liyini ice, siyazwisisa. Kodwa uyini ukuvama ivela khona? Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, kwenzeka phakathi nengxenye abandayo, futhi ngokuvamile offset of umoya onomswakama efudumele oLwandle iMedithera noma Atlantic.

Bezulu bathi cishe kanye eminyakeni 10, ice kungaba ngempela okukhulu kanye eside, esehlanganise sonke isifunda. Ngokwe Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia, ngesikhathi sokugcina lesi simanga ifinyelele esikalini ngemva kwenhlekelele eyenzeka ngo-2010.

isithombe ice

I ukushuba we ice eqandisiwe, ngokuvamile akanawo usayizi omkhulu. Ngokuvamile uyahluka 1 isentimitha and kancane ngenhla. Kodwa uma ukushuba idlula ezingeni ngenhla, kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• amawa zikagesi;
• ice uqweqwe on izimoto;
• mass falling izihlahla;
• ukushayisana kwezimoto;
• ukulimala siqu.

Iqhwa ebusika ngokuvamile kwandisa nje Umhlaba kusuka isikhala ukuwa umnkantsha kwezulu. Ice imali phansi, izihlahla, izimoto, uphahla, ungakwazi iqhubeka izinsuku eziningi. Wakhe Ukwakha-up ngokuvamile okuthatha esingaphansi kwehora, kodwa ukwehluleka kwenzeka kunalokho kancane futhi cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa ukuhwamuka kweqhwa.

black ice

Kuyini esiyingele? Kuyinto ice abavamile, okwenzeka ku-surface eMhlabeni (imigwaqo, uphahla) ngenxa imvula zeqhwa noma thaws emva ukwehla okungazelelwe lokushisa air (kubanda). Eyesibili igama lalo engokwemvelo - "umgwaqo oshelelayo."

Kafushane, kwakhiwa iqhwa ngu encibilika iqhwa (noma iqhwa) ngesikhathi ukufudumala abukhali. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuvamile lapho nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa komoya emhlabeni 0 degrees Celsius. Yilokho esiyingele!

Umehluko phakathi kuzole futhi kuzole

Nokho, njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, kokubili imiqondo le akudingeki lutho esifana ngalo, ngokulinganayo yingozi kubantu. Kulezi zemvelo kunosongo kuhle sina baphile futhi babe nempilo zabantu, ikakhulukazi abashayeli bezimoto.

Nalapha futhi, phawula umehluko okhona phakathi kwabo ukushonelwa ice supercooled imvula, ingele futhi - a amanzi ayiqhwa osuvele embozwe umhlaba, isibonelo, weza ebusweni noma evela kweminye imithombo, kwakheka ngenxa esifushane ncibilika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-ice - akuvamile kuqhathaniswa esinengele.

Imithetho ice neqhwa abamnyama, okumele ilandelwe

Kufanele ngokucophelela ukulalela isimo sezulu. Uma bezulu adlulisele ice noma nezimo ezineqhwa, udinga ukwenza.

1. Indlela engcono kakhulu ukugcina ibhalansi yakho ngaphandle kokuwa eqhweni futhi walimala, - ukusetshenziswa izicathulo zensimbi ompompi noma kwamathe ribbed. Ku-ematheni omile ongaqhoshisa ngethephu enamathelayo noma yezokwelapha Yesigcilikisha usimende.
2. Ukuze uye ngezansi komgwaqo ngesikhathi ngokunakekela okukhulu, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, hhayi ezisheshayo! Ukuhlehlela ngokuphelele kuyo yonke yedwa. Izandla zakho ngalesi sikhathi kufanele kube mahhala, futhi kancane umlenze ekhululekile. Abahola impesheni ngenkathi kuhanjwa yonkana ice babe "ahlomile" nge umhlanga yakhe nge ithiphu zenjoloba.
3. Uma washelela Awu, zama ugcine ibhalansi yakho, kulinganisa yezandla zabo. It sifana uhlobo umdanso eqhweni.
4. Kunenye nguqulo ye isimo, uma esuka amahlumela: Ungakwazi uhlale phansi, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukuphakama ekwindla. Uma ungenzi iwe, iqembu bese uyazama mzuzu nomthelela ice ukuthi unikezele. Lokhu kufanele ukuthambisa buhlungu. Lawa amasu asetshenziswa Stunt ku isethi.
5. Uma unethalente kokulimala kakhulu (hit ikhanda lakho, esehlukanisa ishiya, nokuphola kwengalo ephukile) , noma ukulimala, ngokuqinisekile uxhumane nendawo eseduze isiteshi eziphuthumayo.
6. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokuvamile iqhwa ephelezelwa de-Uqweqwe kwamandla imigqa, ngakho unake okukhethekile kubo, kanye wire catenary. Iqiniso ukuthi elengayo izintambo angenalutho kungaba ezinyaweni zakho.
7. abashayeli Sawubona! Phakathi iyiphi izenzakalo uqweqwe lukashukela, sicela uyeke uma kungenzeka kusukela ekusebenziseni izimoto zabo! Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ungazivikela, izimoto zakho kanye nabahamba ngezinyawo.