Kuyini amasosha omzimba? amasosha omzimba esingokwemvelo, isegazini amasosha omzimba izici

Lapho into angaphandle emzimbeni ukuvikela impilo yabantu uthola amasosha omzimba. On kanjani lakhiwa, incike nengozi yokuthola izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ngakho, amasosha omzimba - lena ikhono lomzimba ukuba simelane Ukuhlasela alien.

Amasosha omzimba kuba ngokubambisana nezinye izinhlelo emzimbeni womuntu. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, etholakalayo kuye izifo sezinzwa noma endocrine zizonciphisa amasosha omzimba, futhi amasosha omzimba aphansi, yena, wonke umzimba uyakwazi engozini.

Kuchazwe ukuvikelwa umzimba ihlukaniswe ezimbili izinhlobo: amasosha omzimba azalwa naso futhi atholwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho ngaphezulu, sizokutshela mayelana nezici zabo kanye nezindlela senzo.

Isegazini aphethe ukuzivikela

Umuntu ngamunye ozalwa izici zayo zokuphepha, akha izivikeli mzimba. amasosha omzimba isegazini luthathwe kanye esihambisana ukuphila komuntu.

Ekuzalweni kwakhe, umntwana kwasesibelethweni oyinyumba engena ezweni elisha ngaye, lapho ngokushesha qala ukuhlasela ngaphezulu hhayi nezilwanyana ezincane friendly ukuthi kungaba sina ukulimaza impilo womntwana. Kodwa 'sasingacebile ogulayo ngesikhathi esisodwa. It nje kwenzeka ngoba ekubhekaneni amagciwane anjalo ukusiza umzimba osanda kuzalwa zemvelo amasosha omzimba isegazini.

umzimba ngamunye elwa zezokuvikela yabo yangaphakathi. the kokuzalwa omzimba uqine ngokwanele, kodwa kuncike ufuzo lomuntu oyedwa.

Kumiswa ukuzivikela omzimba

amasosha omzimba isegazini iqala lasungulwa lapho ingane esibelethweni. Kakade kusukela enyangeni yesibili sokukhulelwa kubeka izinhlayiya, okuzoba obhekele imisebenzi yezokuphepha wengane. Basuke ikhiqizwa stem cells, bese awela ubende. It phagocytes - amaseli omzimba isegazini. Basebenza ngamunye futhi akuzona izinto ezifana ncamashí. Umsebenzi wawo eziyisisekelo usesha izinto nobutha emzimbeni (antigen) futhi zokuyithena kubo.

inqubo wathi kwenzeka nge phagocytosis izindlela eziqondile:

1. Phagocyte ihamba antigen.
2. Elikulo.
3. Kuvulwa phagocyte ulwelwesi.
4. I kuyizinhlayiyana kungenzeka ukudonselwa yezinyoni, futhi emaphethelweni ulwelwesi zivaliwe phezu kwalo, noma kwakheka pseudopodia, esigubuzele wakhe.
5. I vacuole nge okuvalelwe therein izinhlayiya angaphandle faka lysosomes equkethe ama-enzyme.
6. I antigen libhujiswa kugaywe.
7. Imikhiqizo nokucekelwa zikhishwa kwiseli.

Emzimbeni kukhona cytokines - okuwuphawu molecule. Phezu ukuthola lezinto eziyingozi babangela phagocytes. Ukusebenzisa cytokines, amaseli phagocytic kungadala ukusiza abanye amaseli phagocytic kuya antigen futhi kusebenze amaseli ithule.

Ukuvikelwa emsebenzini

I degree of ukumelana lomzimba ukutheleleka linendima ebalulekile izivikeli mzimba. amasosha omzimba isegazini ezimweni ezinjalo, umzimba uyabavikela kuya ku-60%. Lokhu kwenzeka nge izindlela ezilandelayo:

• ukutholakala izithiyo zemvelo emzimbeni:. nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, isikhumba kanye nezindlala sebaceous, njll;.
• kwesibindi;
• ukusebenza kwe-okuthiwa umphelelisi uhlelo ehlanganisa 20 amaprotheni kuhlelwe umqondo ngu isibindi;
• phagocytosis;
• interferon, NK-amaseli, NKT-amaseli;
• cytokines eqeda ukuvuvukala;
• amasosha omzimba yemvelo;
• peptides imithi elwa nawo.

Ngefa ikhono ukubhubhisa kwamagciwane, ngokuvamile esivuna Umugqa wokuqala ukuvikelwa kwempilo yabantu. Izinqubo bangangenwa yilesi sifo isegazini nesici ezinjalo, uyobhekwa njengonokuqonda imiphumela ngokushesha ukunikeza ukubhujiswa pathogen, ngaphandle izigaba wokulungiselela. nolwelwesi lwamafinyila secrete isikhwehlela, okuyinto ovimbela okunamathiselwe okungenzeka ezincane, nokunyakaza cilia esusa ipheshana zokuphefumula kusukela ezinhlayiyeni angaphandle.

amasosha omzimba isegazini engashintshwa, futhi ilawulwa izakhi zofuzo ngofuzo. NK-amaseli (okuthiwa ababulali zemvelo) ukuzivikela isegazini ngokubulala Amagciwane kwakhiwa emzimbeni, - kungase kube abathwali igciwane noma isimila cells. Uma inombolo bese umsebenzi NK-amaseli uwela, lesi sifo iqala ukuba bathuthuke.

amasosha omzimba atholwe

Uma amasosha omzimba isegazini elikhona abantu kusukela ekuzalweni, aluthola kuvela enqubeni zokuphila. Iza izinhlobo ezimbili:

1. Ngokwemvelo etholakala - kwakheka inqubo ukuphila njengempendulo ukungena antigen umzimba kanye Amagciwane.
2. Eyayenziwe atholwe - ukwakha ngenxa yokugoma.

Umgomo antigen ufakwe, futhi uzofakwa umzimba aphendvule khona yayo. Ziqaphela "isitha", umzimba ukhiqiza amasotsha omzimba ukuqeda ke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkathi antigen wasala iseli inkumbulo, futhi uma ehlasela omusha, bayobhujiswa.

Ngakho, kukhona "inkumbulo immunological" emzimbeni. amasosha omzimba Kutholiwe kungaba "oyinyumba", ukuthi igcinwa futhi ukuphila, kodwa ezimweni eziningi ikhona nje umzimba lwegciwane elimazayo.

Izimiso for the Ukuvikelwa amasosha omzimba isegazini futhi eguquguqukayo

zimiso zokuvikelwa luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa - ukubhujiswa izinto ezinonya. Kodwa lokhu amasosha omzimba isegazini elwisana izinhlayiya esiyingozi nge ukuvuvukala phagocytosis, futhi isebenzisa amasosha omzimba abeyizuzile futhi ukubulawa amasosha omzimba.

Ukusebenza ukuvikela lezi ezimbili ezihlobene. uhlelo ukuncoma kuyinto nomlamuleli phakathi kwabo, lokuqhubeka yayo kuqinisekiswa nge ukuzivikela komzimba. Ngakho, ka NK-cells ingxenye amasosha omzimba esingokwemvelo, futhi zikhiqiza cytokines, okuyinto yena, nokulawula umsebenzi T-lymphocyte, ezibangelwa wenzuzo.

Ukuthuthukisa isithiyo izakhiwo

amasosha omzimba eguquguqukayo, amasosha omzimba kokuzalwa - konke lokhu uhlelo olulodwa oxhumene, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukuze luqine kudinga indlela eqotho. Udinga ukuthatha ukunakekela umzimba iyonke, lokhu kusiza:

• umsebenzi anele emzimbeni;
• umsoco ofanele;
• indawo evumayo;
• ukuthathwa amavithamini;
• angabiki njalo egumbini futhi ukuligcina lokushisa evumayo kanye nomswakama.

Nutrition futhi kunendima ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Ukwenza kube kuhle kakhulu, ekudleni kufanele babekhona:

• inyama;
• inhlanzi;
• imifino kanye nezithelo;
• kwasolwandle;
• imikhiqizo yobisi;
• green tea;
• nati;
• okusanhlamvu;
• imidumba.

isiphetho

Kulokhu okungenhla kuyacaca ukuthi sidinga okuthuthuke kahle izivikeli mzimba ekuphileni kwabantu okuvamile. amasosha omzimba isegazini futhi atholwe kuhlobene futhi asize umzimba ukuqeda eziyingozi ngesinyenyela therein izinhlayiya. Futhi umsebenzi wabo izinga udinga give up silungise imikhuba emibi futhi sigcine indlela yokuphila enempilo, hhayi ukuphazamisa impilo "ukusekela" amaseli.