Kuxhunyelelwa apula ngo-August isibambo nezinye izindlela

Kuxhunyelelwa izihlahla zezithelo siqukethe ngokuhlanganyela komunye nomunye isiko. Ngemva sehlo izingxenye ezimbili tho futhi uqhubeke ukuba aphile njengombaleki umzimba owodwa. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba luthela kubhekwe isiphethu, futhi kungcono ukwenza izitshalo ezigcwele Awakening kusukela ebusika, lapho amahlumela uyomenzela ku amaqanda akhe asemancane. Uma sigxilisa entwasahlobo akwenzekanga ke aphethwe ngokuxhunyelelwa apula izihlahla ngo-August.

Izizathu luthela izihlahla

Kukhona ezinye izici ezibonisa isiko wokugxilisa. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• ukhwaliti ongaphakeme izithelo;
• izitshalo ngokuvamile uhlushwa;
• ngenxa yobudala apula iyeke ukuthela izithelo;
• isikhala akwanele ensimini;
• ukwandisa ukuzinza izihlahla endaweni eshisa ongaphakeme;
• uma zonakala isiko isiqu.

Izindlela eyinhloko ngokuxhunyelelwa

Kuxhunyelelwa apula ngo-August ezivezwa izindlela eziningana:

• aziphathi;
• e ngesidunu;
• izinso;
• empandeni.

cuttings

Summer luthela ukuwa phakathi no-July no-ekuqaleni kuka-August. Kulesi sigaba, isigaba yesibili Sap. Njengoba izinso esetshenziswa cuttings kusukela unyaka sezingeni elithuthukile grafts. Bayise ezidingekayo ukuhlola imithi, abe ukukhula okuhle ngonyaka-eyodwa futhi has ezithela eliphezulu. Kufanele uqale ukulungiselela ukukhula ngonyaka ngokuwaxhumanisa ku izinyanda, ukunamathisela amalebuli kuwo nge igama ezihlukahlukene wazibeka USB. Ngokuvamile, cuttings uzilungiselele ekuqaleni ebusika, kodwa futhi bakwazi ukulungisa ukuvuvukala ezikhiqiza amaqanda.

Ukuze ukuxhumelela izitshalo usebenzisa ukuncishiselwa kusuka maphakathi ukukhula ngonyaka ka izinso grafts nge 3-4. cuttings obuphelele kufanele kube cishe 25-45 cm. Isigaba Kwamanzi njalo mfushane "ku izinso", futhi ingxenye engaphakathi xhumelela inqanyulwa, kuye ngokuthi indlela inoculation. Kuxhunyelelwa apula cuttings ngo-August ngempela kwenziwa yokugoma futhi ngommese obukhali kakhulu. ezitshekile cut obuphelele kufanele kube izikhathi 3-3.5, futhi ukubonakala kwakhe kukhulu kune ububanzi we efihlekile - bushelelezi. Intermedia mbutho futhi surface flat ummese blade izikhala kungamukeleki.

Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi ngibe uwugcine?

grafts Iphele ibekwe ezinqolobaneni zewayini ezinezinga lokushisa 0 ... 2 degrees bese ubamba kubo lapho phambi luthela. Isikhala engezansi cuttings ezibekwe esihlabathini olumanzi noma sawdust. Uma emiphongolweni ayitholakali ke izinso zihambisana burlap ezimanzi kanye nokugcina ekamelweni unheated kuze kube phakade iqhwa ikhava. Awasuse iphakethe futhi athwale yinqwaba iqhwa.

Ukuze cuttings e ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga entwasahlobo akunjalo okusheshayo, basuke ezibekwe ohlangothini enyakatho isakhiwo futhi wambozwa iyiphi impahla nangokuvikela (izinaliti, Peat, sawdust). Ngemva ebusika efudumele izinto zokusetshenziswa privoynoe ingalungiswa, futhi kwentwasahlobo, kodwa kufanele wazi ukuthi amahlumela kusukela podmerzshie ugodo ayisekho kufanelekile Olufufusayo.

Kuxhunyelelwa apula ngo-Agasti e ngesidunu

Kuxhunyelelwa ngale ndlela kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba kwelulwe isikhathi Olufufusayo. Phakathi abulawe yayo, kungenzeka ukuba bahlale ngokuhlukana ongaphelele cortex. Isici omuhle le ndlela iba ukungabi khona izimbobo ukubhukuda.

Kuxhunyelelwa e ngesidunu phezu isitshalo uyonquma ulimi amagxolo: ekuqaleni i-engela 45 degrees, ekukhiqizeni imbobo diametrical, bese, badonswa, baphuma naye e-3-3.5 cm phezulu, yenza kwesigaba longitudinal. Nokho, onqenqemeni ummese kancane lwajula ngaphandle kokufinyelela 1 cm ukuwela Undercut. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ikhefu (nhlonhlo), esinikela nenkanuko edlulele we ichopho futhi kusiza okuhlanganisa ngokuxhunyelelwa.

apula ukuxhumelela ubuchwepheshe ngo-August kuqhubeka ngendlela elandelayo. Ukuze unciphise isihlangu izinso agcinwe kule sobunxele umqhele kude nawe. Ngaphansi isibambo ezikhethwe ngu 1.5 cm kuwo futhi i-engela 45 degrees ukwenza transverse imbobo ummese cortex kancane lalihlehliswa eHoreshi. Khona ummese isethwe 2cm ngaphezu ihlumela wenze Axial kwesigaba diametrical afune kuvikela nobe kusita cut. Isihlangu ogibele endaweni lelungiselelwe phezu isitshalo futhi uvalwe abopha.

Ukuze ivikeleke, luthela ngokuvamile akhiqiza amehlo amabili. Ngemva kwamasonto amathathu ngemva inoculation ukulawula ukuphila kwazo. Lapho rootstocks yimpumelelo ngokuxhunyelelwa noma ubalekela ahlukaniswe kalula. Ngesikhathi izinso ithole kanye isibambo usebenze luthela yesibili kuthabathela ecaleni ngemuva isitokwe, ezihambayo ukulungisa, noma walala phezu entwasahlobo eliyifa.

Kanjani ukugxilisa izinso?

Kuxhunyelelwa apula ngo-August izinso iyona ndlela ethandwa kakhulu inoculation. Ungishiya ngisho okuhle labo uke awupheli lokhu.

Ukusinda grafts impela high (95% nangaphezulu) ngaphansi ekahle izimo zezulu. Maphakathi July no-August, ibhekwa njengomlando wesonto izikhathi kangcono ngokuxhunyelelwa zasehlobo. Ngayiphi inyanga kuba ukwenza inqubo, wonke umuntu uyazinqumela, ukutadisha amagatsha amasiko kusukela lapho cuttings izoqoqwa.

Izinqubo kumele kube nabavuthiwe, amaqanda - athuthukile. Ngesikhathi yokugoma kuyadingeka ukwenza uqweqwe phezu izitshalo ahlukaniswe kalula emthini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha ummese bese uzama sinqume for amahlumela "ezingadingekile" ukuze uthole olulindelekile ngokuxhunyelelwa apula izihlahla ngo-August. Izithombe efanekisa inqubo lapha ngenzansi.

Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, ungase uprakthize Ukunquma efihlekile. imbobo Okokuqala kwenziwa phezu isiphunzi (enezinto kufanele funda ukusika ngokushesha ukusika hhayi sezulu washaywa). Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa nommese obukhali kakhulu. Ngokulandelayo, ususe emacembe grafts, ukuwalondoloza kusukela umoba (zingabantu ukhululekile kakhulu ukubamba izihlangu kanye nezinso). Cutting kufanele usike kanyekanye ngesihlangu 0.5 cm ububanzi, 2.5-3 cm ubude. Hook ezidingekayo futhi cortex, kodwa kuphela ungqimba elincanyana - kangcono hhayi mkhulu iphepha ishidi. izihlangu kakhulu obukhulu kabi yamukelwe.

Inqubo luthela

Goma kuphela edingekayo kwi namagatsha aqinile, ukuthuthukisa perpendicularly phezulu. Lokhu ukukhula ngeke ekunqandeni apula izihlahla, ngakho omkhulu ngokwengeziwe kuba, ngcono. Lokhu kulandelwa ngobumnene kuvuna in imbobo eliyindilinga T-unamathisele yokuphunyuka (kwamukelekile asike izidumbu zabantu wesintu, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukulungisa iso). Emaphethelweni uqweqwe, uyasikrufulula ichopho ummese, bese eduze cindezela, ngomusa ubambe ohlangeni, nokuhle roll phezulu tape.

Kuxhunyelelwa apula ngo-Agasti, ngokuvamile kwenziwe nesomiso, futhi ukuze best amagxolo legatsha izitshalo izinsuku 2-3 ngaphambi inoculation ngobuningi bazithela. Esinye kungaba wesula nge manzi indwangu iziqu balahle izintuli nokungcola. Inkambu ukuxhumelela eteyipini, kanye ngezansi futhi ngaphezu esikhundleni inoculation kakhulu ukumboza ubumba noma ingadi iphimbo, ngeke kube khona volatilization appreciable we umswakama okuyinto edingekayo ukuze siphile kahle.

Ukuze lokugoma kunezimpande isidingo cishe inyanga. Khona sizokwazi ukususa ibhandishi. Ukuze uthole ukuthi ukugoma lidlule ngokuphepha, kungaba kuphela ku iqabunga izinso. Uma sesomile, futhi kuyoba nzima ukuhlukanisa kusukela Isiqu ke luthela kuhlulekile. Uma umphumela xhumelela angabuni, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi ayisekho lula.

apula ngokuxhunyelelwa impande ngo-August

Lokhu indlela yensindiso in nesimo lapho ngesikhathi esingafanele, itholwe yi izinso of the izinhlobo ezintsha kanye nezitshalo kwesihlahla lapho. Cuttings apula okulirovat kungenzeka ngokuphelele izinhlelo impande nomunye, kanye nomhlaba ushona isayithi ngokuxhunyelelwa futhi eminye hilling amila amagatsha.

Zona kanye izimpande into elungile ukupheka in autumn, ngokushesha ngemuva leaf ukuwa. Kodwa futhi bavumela kwentwasahlobo, ngesikhathi esifanayo ne incibilikiswa zomhlaba. Kungcono uma izimpande nge iyizingxenye futhi amagatsha. Ubude sakhe siyakuba 15-20 cm, ukujiya - ukujiya ubuncane izinso kuwo. Njengoba yenziwe ekwindla ka izimpande iboshelwe ku izinyanda futhi agcinwe imvelo efanayo ukuthi izitshalo ezivamile.

Ngo-August imigomo etshalwe ekhanyayo e ithrekhi, okuyinto kuye ngezinga yentuthuko Isiqu embozwe inhlabathi, bese Spud. Ngokunakekela eyanele, ukuthambisa obuningi futhi ukuvundiswa by ekwindla akhiwa emangalisayo beminyaka yobudala efanayo, amasheya ayo isuswe, kusukela izinso isivele kwakheka izimpande zawo.

Ikhishwa ngokuxhunyelelwa apula izihlahla ngo-August, kuyoba ngonyaka wokuqala zidinga ukunakekelwa anda. Lowo muthi kumelwe njalo wanisela, amahlamvu mncane, amboza phansi futhi zinikwa organic. Kodwa uma yonke into yenziwe kahle, khona-ke emva kweminyaka 2-3 simila kuthokozise abanikazi ngezithelo zabo.