Kungani ngidinga ipensela elimhlophe, futhi owasungula ke?

Zonke thina wake wasebenzisa emapeniseli emibala. Othile usanda drawing izifundo esikoleni, futhi ubani ukuzisebenzisa kuze kube manje. Futhi abaningi ngemva kokuvula ibhokisi unesithakazelo umbuzo: kungani siyidinga ipensela elimhlophe?

Imininingwane zomlando

amapensela Modern zikhona iminyaka engu-200 ubudala. Graphite itholakala endaweni ethile 5 Emakhulwini eminyaka edlule, ezimayini British. Kukholakala ukuthi njengoba uqalile kwenziwe graphite amapensela. Umkhaya-German emuva 1760 futhi waqala ukuveza amathuluzi ngezincwadi graphite powder. Nokho, le nqubo akuzange kuphumelele kakhulu. Usosayensi French Conte e 1795 wenza amapensela wenza graphite, hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi kusukela izinhlobo ezithile ngobumba, ayengakaze yena ngaphambilini ashisiwe esithandweni. Ubuchwepheshe obunjalo kuthandwa kakhulu kuze kube manje. Simple ipensela Umdwebo senziwa graphite futhi ishiya umzila amnyama. Ukuze ukukhiqizwa graphite yayo powder exutshwe namanzi nobumba. Nobulukhuni umkhiqizo kunqunywa inani nobumba. Yini-ke ngaphezulu - kuba athambile kunamafutha ezincane - nzima. Inhlama-like unamathisele, kwakhiwa okuyinto kule ngxube is badabula cindezela, ngemva kwalokho intambo esenzelwa waqonda, usike usayizi oyifunayo wadubula e kuhhonela. Khona-ke, umsedari noma uphayini usike kanye workpiece, wenze emseleni esikhethekile phambili, bese unamathela kanye vele. Zingcwecwe okuholela bafa futhi yona-iphucuziwe. Kuze kube manje, yathela mayelana 300 izinhlobo amapensela. Zihluke e ubulukhuni nombala. Namuhla, kunamabandla angu-72 imibala wale mikhiqizo. Ngosizo lwabo, ngokubhala ku ingilazi, izindwangu, plastic, ngisho ifilimu. Ezinye zazo asetshenziswa ukwakhiwa, ukushiya uphawu ukuthi uzohlala isikhathi eside.

Kungani ngidinga ipensela elimhlophe isethi

Ithuluzi lokhu umbala esetshenziswa ngokuvamile kakhulu. Ayevame ukudweba ephepheni ezinemibala noma phezulu ungqimba amalahle, itshe ipensela, sepia ... Amandla ipensela ihlukile kuye ngokuthi kungakanani Ukufiphaza isicelo. Ukuze ufunde ukuthi kungani ipensela umdwebo ezimhlophe isetshenziswa, ukubheka portrait ukuthi ngesineke. Uzobona imiphumela ethakazelisayo engase akuzona lula kangaka ukuba siqonde. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka sifunde ukucabanga "kule negative". Ukuze siphendule umbuzo othi kungani sidinga ipensela elimhlophe, zama awanele ukuhlawulela izono leli phepha balicindezele ngosizo omnyama ukuhola yomculo. Khona-ke kufanele isebenze emigqeni emhlophe. Umsebenzi onjengalona kuzokwenza lokunengi isithakazelo. Enye ipensela ezimhlophe zingase ziqale exutshwe nezinye imibala ukupenda amathoni.

Ngenxa ipensela elimhlophe izimangaliso

Leli thuluzi udonsa kahle imibala emnyama. Uma ungazi ukuthi kungani udinga umsizi mhlophe, khona-ke nje uzama ukudweba kubo ukukhanya, iqhwa noma imvula, futhi uzobona ukuthi Kuyophumela ethubeni kumnandi isithombe! Kuyasiza ukwenza ukushintshela phakathi imibala bushelelezi futhi ubonise play yokukhanya endabeni ethile. Ukusebenzisa ilula kakhulu ulungise amaphutha. Ngakho-ke, ithuluzi olunjalo lubalulekile kakhulu zobuciko.