Ilensi eyodwa - a ... Glasses Ilensi eyodwa: design nezindlela yokufeza

Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi abantu sebeqala ukubona kabi, okungukuthi, ngaba yimpumputhe. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyathandeka, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuba ukugqoka izibuko. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi izibuko - omunye amadivayisi ezivamile ukuthi yakhelwe ukwenza ngcono noma umbono womuntu efanele, nabo ukuvikela amehlo emathonyeni ayingozi. Izingilazi esetshenziswa abantu abanalo mbono kuphambuka yakhona, futhi akuxhomekile uhlobo ukuphambuka.

Ukwakheka izibuko

Njengomthetho, zonke izinhlobo amaphuzu aqukethe okulandelayo:

• Lens.
• Izibuko zamehlo Ozimele.
• "Ibhuloho" nezinsimbi.
• Amathempeli nemengamo.
• Ukugcizelela ngokuba ekhaleni.
• Lomnyango noma yokuvala.

Ilensi eyodwa - sikhomba ulungise iso elilodwa

Kunezikhathi lapho okubi ukubona ngeso elilodwa, futhi kubalulekile ukuba ulungise salokhu ithuluzi optical athuthukile. Le divayisi optical isibe into kanokusho kwekhulu le-19, ke ayenamandla okukwenza kuphela abantu abacebile. Ngaleso sikhathi samanje okuthukelayo ukuhlangabezana nedivaysi ezinjalo. "Hlobo luni ithuluzi optical?" - You buza. Impendulo ilula: kule divayisi ibizwa ngokuthi Ilensi eyodwa.

Ilensi eyodwa - lokhu ingenye izinhlobonhlobo izibuko ukulungisa noma ukuthuthukisa umbono. Iyingxenye ebalulekile lens, ngokuvamile nge usebe neketanga unamathele ukuze bakwazi ukukulungisa izingubo. Futhi, iketango kwakudingekile ukuze singalahlekelwa izibuko Ilensi eyodwa. Ilensi eyodwa ngokwayo okungukuthi yayincane futhi ihlala kahle iso isokhethi. Ngokuvamile, omunye neso ikani ukubambelela izibuko, ngakho-ke okungukuthi kuphela nesimangaliso noma kuphakamisa i ishiya - bona ukuwa aphume umgodi.

Ukuvela a Ilensi eyodwa

Ilensi eyodwa uvele ngaphambi kwekhulu le-19, ekuqaleni idivayisi optical wawufana ilensi isibambo. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa, futhi ukuze bakwazi ukufunda umbhalo, wabekwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kombhalo ngokwayo noma phambi kwamehlo. Ngokushesha ngepeni ilahlekelwe umsebenzi wayo, ngoba sekuyinto evamile ukuba ukunqanda lo lithatha isikhwama sezibuko imisipha yobuso.

umlando Ilensi eyodwa

Ilensi eyodwa - a misoneism uphawu, ushiye isigxivizo ezimibalabala hhayi kuphela ezincwadini kodwa futhi ezobuciko. I umsekeli lokuqala fashion entsha - umlobi odumile Emile de Girardin. Prince de Sagan esethula Uhlaka lithatha isikhwama sezibuko ku ufudu ebanzi moiré iribhoni futhi Prince de Bofremon egqoka Ilensi eyodwa ku isigqoko ebhokisini lakhe. Intathelizindaba nomlobi kusukela France Orell Scholl egqoka Ilensi eyodwa rimless. Kodwa abadumile Zhorzh Sand wasebenzisa kudivayisi ukuze bakwazi cabanga amadoda angaziwa, ke wawaholela badideke futhi injabulo, ngoba ukuziphatha okufana sasingaphezu kwamandla okhanyayo. Ilensi eyodwa futhi wasebenzisa Morreas izimbongi uJean Zhan Lorren, umbhali Joris-Karl Huysmans. Nakuba yokugcina kunazo ayethanda pince-nez, kodwa kukhona namanje izithombe lapho uvezwa a Ilensi eyodwa.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, kwaba uNgqongqoshe abadumile British uNeville Chamberlain, yena baduma ngenxa Ilensi eyodwa yakhe. Nokho, abaningi baba nomuzwa wokuthi base bangayi kuye, kodwa namanje waqhubeka sizigqoke. Ngaleso sikhathi samanje, imodeli "wasebenzisa" umlingiswa oqanjiwe Yustasom Tilli, he is a Dandy yangempela futhi mascot we umagazini edumile i-New Yorker. Tilly wabonakala okokuqala kwi isembozo salo magazini ngo 1925. Phakathi nale nkathi, abanikazi Ilensi eyodwa wagconwa, kodwa, ngokusobala, ke akuvimbeli iconsi bukhoma iqhawe yokudlala namanje.

Ilensi eyodwa eRussia

ERussia, saqala ukugqoka abameleli Ilensi eyodwa izitayela tetinhlobo letehlukene tetemibhalo. Baron Nicholas Frangel njalo egqoka idivayisi iphinde akazange suka. Ngemva kokuphela Ilensi eyodwa revolution waqala ukushaya isici umbuso ubudala futhi wobunxiwankulu. Waqala ukugqoka ngisho abaculi, abantu abaye kuboniswe amaphosta ubunoJesu lens ifakiwe.

Ilensi eyodwa - ithuluzi optical ukuthi usuthandwa ngesikhathi esisodwa nge yakhe pince-nez. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili izibuko yayithandwa ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. bakamalalahlengezela yabo ezigugile ebusweni, avame amadoda. Ilensi eyodwa okudume kakhulu eyayinabo Guards officer, ikakhulukazi German. ukuthandwa enkulu yama-unit wathola baseJalimane Russian Empire. Lapho kuqala impi, Ilensi eyodwa saphela ethandwa eRussia.

I amateur lokugcina leli thuluzi kubhekwa Mihaila Bulgakova. Kukholakala ukuthi Ilensi eyodwa - uphawu ezishaqisayo nokubusa ngobunxiwankulu Bulgakov. Mr Mikhail walithenga emva lokuqala imali yakhe. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuthenga, yena waba izithombe naye. Ngemva kwalokho, wanikeza lesi sithombe bonke abangane bakho nabantu ayebajwayele. Ilensi eyodwa uhlotshaniswe olunye lwezimpawu ngokugcwele ukuphila zeYurophu esikhathini 19 ngasekupheleni - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.

design

Ilensi eyodwa - lens olulodwa optical, okuyinto ibekwe endaweni usebe mncane ngentambo ehambisana noma iketanga. Uleyisi ayelenga esimise okwembali ka ibhantshi noma inkinobho. Ilensi eyodwa-lens okungukuthi kahle nasezinsikeni uzimele, futhi akakwazi ukuphuma kuso.

izindlela ukugqoka

Uma ungazange usebenzise i Ilensi eyodwa, yayiguga e yakhe waistcoat ephaketheni. Uma lalisetshenziswa, ke ifakwe isokhethi iso futhi aboshezelwa ke phakathi ishiya kanye esihlathini. Izazi-mlando zithi ngenxa umzamo kwemisipha ubuso baba ekhethekile. Umuntu onjalo isibe indlela yomuntu ahlukile. abezindaba Ilensi eyodwa yasungulwa uhlobo acrobatics, basuke ifakwe idivayisi isokhethi iso, futhi ngokushesha lehla. Kwaba uhlobo kumnandi phakathi Ongoti Ilensi eyodwa.

pince-nez

Izibuko zamehlo - izibuko kuyinto ngaphandle izibambo, okuyinto basingatha izindlebe, beyigcinwa ekhaleni ngumuntu clamping lwasentwasahlobo kwebhuloho. Ngokokuqala ngqá ngo-yakhe pince-nez waziwa ngekhulu le-16, kodwa omunye zemfashini futhi izinto njalo baqala kuphela ekhulwini le-19, kanye Ilensi eyodwa. Nez - kuba French okwesikhathi pincer - "ingcosana", futhi nez - "impumulo". I izibuko okuqala round emise, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi baye bathola i kobujamo obusaqanda. Ngokuvamile kucatshangwa ukuthi ngekhulu le-19 ayegcwele isikhathi izesekeli ahlukahlukene. Okuwukuphela imfuneko nzima ukukhetha pince-nez kwaba ukuthi, ngaphezu ukukhethwa lens, kwakudingekile ukuba ukhethe ngokucophelela ifremu ukuze uphelele ngosayizi. Uma ifreyimu wakhethwa ngokungalungile, umuntu uba ekhaleni ogulayo, kodwa kwenzeka nombono ukulungiswa ezinhle. Kwakumelwe aphathe ekhaleni, ukugwema lokhu, abantu wazama ukukhetha nobujamo bomkhumbulo obufaneleko.

Pince-nez futhi laseChekhov

Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi pince-nez - iyingxenye ebalulekile isithombe Antona Pavlovicha Chehova, kodwa unamandla lalibukeka ngayo kule minyaka embalwa edlule. Gqoka kwaba umlobi 1897 ngemva kokugula sina laseChekhov uphenywa odokotela abaningi. astigmatism Udokotela wezifo zamehlo watholakala, plus konke wayengumuntu umehluko diopters amayunithi elilodwa nengxenye, ngakho ama-lens ababekhethiwe isikhathi eside. UMfoweth 'u-Anton egqoka pince-nez a lifetime, ngakho-ke kuvame umbhali wahlulelwe. It kuvela ukuthi laseChekhov wabona izinkinga zakhe umbono, kodwa ngasizathu simbe hhayi ezisheshayo balahle kubo. Omunye namanje kudingeke abone udokotela, ayengasakwazi sezilufundile lens, kodwa okwamanje Anton laseChekhov waqala ukuguga izibuko. Manje laseChekhov sika pince-nez kungabonakala iminyuziyamu yayo, kugcinwa khona kuze kube yilolu suku.

Umthwebuli futhi Ilensi eyodwa

Ngesikhathi samanje isikhathi Ilensi eyodwa esetshenziswa bezithombe abaningi, ngoba lens prime, esakhiwa lens olulodwa omuhle. Kukhona ukubukeka okunesithunzi olunikezwayo uWilliam Wollaston ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 ngoba ukusetshenziswa ikhamera - obsury. Lokhu lens libukeka meniscus ngilugweda kanye convex, okubhekisele kuncike ngaphandle concavity. Nale astigmatism lens kungashintshwa futhi wenza lincane ugobile ensimini esithombeni. Lokhu kungenxa astigmatism omubi phambi kobuso.

Njengoba i-lens lithatha isikhwama sezibuko has a ongaphakeme beso ratio futhi engela emkhakheni elincane umbono. Photography, owabekwa ngokusebenzisa lens ezinjalo, njengoba umthetho, ongaphakeme-Ngokungafani ongaphakeme, nokuncipha maqondana nokucija onqenqemeni. Nakuba ungakwazi engaloli futhi sithuthukise. Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, ukuba creative, elithambile focus-lens, yona isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ngobude, landscape isibhamu, futhi namanje Lifes. bezithombe Modern uthande ukusebenzisa Ilensi eyodwa izithombe zakho. Ngempela, ngenxa yakhe, ungenza izithombe amahle kakhulu ezokwenza kuphela ukujabulisa iso.