Kuhle izincwadi ukuze ulifunde ayimpoqo: Izinhlobo izincwadi

Amabhuku Ukufundwa ayimpoqo - lena enye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezemfundo yesimanje Pedagogical. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuxazulula umbuzo noma iziphi izincwadi okufanele ifundwe zesikole, kunzima kakhulu ngenxa lenqwaba imisebenzi yobuciko, kanye ngenxa yokuthi emphakathini wanamuhla ngokuvamile esikoleni ngamunye siqu iprogramme.

izincwadi esikoleni

Ukujwayelaniswa nge lwasekhaya kanye zabuna angaphandle ezikhungweni zemfundo - kuba impela inqubo isikhathi. Master oyedwa emnyakeni lekufundvwa ngawo imisebenzi ezinkulu abalobi kunzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, othisha ngokuvamile unqume ukuthi izincwadi, ukufunda edingekayo, kufanele zihlolwe ekilasini. Ngokuvamile, ukukhetha ewela imisebenzi edume kakhulu abalobi kanye izimbongi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa isidingo ukuze wonge isikhathi, othisha zivinjwe imisebenzi eziphawuleka kakhulu.

The main uhlobo izincwadi ezifundiswa ezikoleni - Yebo, a classic. Abafundi angumsebenzi edume kakhulu emhlabeni nezincwadi yasekhaya. Ngeshwa, ngokuvamile kakhulu othisha kufanele bashalazela imisebenzi emikhulu kakhulu futhi ezibalulekile ezifana uShakespeare, noma musa ukufunda noma ufunde okukha phezulu. izincwadi Russian, ukufunda okudingekayo, hlala ebaluleke ngokwengeziwe ku isimiso semfundo. Esikoleni, qiniseka ukufunda lesi: zezinkondlo - noveli "Eugene Onegin", le nkondlo "I Novice"; nephrozi - noveli "Ubugebengu Ziyisijeziso", "War and Peace", "epholile Flows Don".

izinkinga Sikhungo lohlelo cwaningo classical

Yiqiniso, ngo izifundo esikoleni likhetha zabuna ezifuywayo, kodwa kulokhu, namanje abafundi ukuthola kuphela umqondo jikelele temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yethu kanye izinkondlo. Ngokuvamile, izincwadi semfundo iyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa ethize kuncike kakhulu. Ngemva ekutadisheni isihloko kuba ngqo okuhlobene indalo ngobuciko, futhi ngenxa yalokho idinga indlela ekhethekile. Ngokwesiko, kusukela kwamaSoviet kwakukhona uhlu oluthile imikhiqizo ezidinga ukuba zihlolwe ezikhungweni zemfundo. Kuyadingeka izincwadi ngokufunda kulesi sikole kumele libonise Amathrendi main kanye nentuthuko izincwadi kazwelonke, kusukela ngekhulu XVIII kuze kube sesikhathini sethu.

izincwadi zezingane

Nge inkinga oshiwo ngenhla kuyinto eduze ahlobene yombuzo choice yezincwadi ezingcono kakhulu izingane. Phela, ubudala zezingane - isikhathi lapho izithakazelo nesipiliyoni yiwo anamandla kakhulu, ngakho umsebenzi ukukhetha umkhiqizo kubazali, okuyinto engabeki ezinganeni uthando wezinkondlo temibhalo yephrozi. Kulokhu umbono elilungile kakhulu izincwadi, Yiqiniso, indaba. Fairy izindaba, izinhlamvu engavamile, indaba elithakazelisayo ngeke abashiye noma iyiphi ingane ngabandayo. Kungcono zona ingane nge-Russian Folk yezinganekwane, iculo, tinganekwane, tinganekwane epics. Lokhu kuzovumela izingane ezingeni lemizwa-ngokomzwelo, zizwe uthando umlando esidlule wezwe lakithi. Njengoba isibonelo, indaba elandelayo ukuze ulifunde ayimpoqo: "Jack Frost", "Vasilisa Elihle" mayelana Ivan Tsarevich kanye Gray Wolf, uDade Alyonushka nomfowabo Ivanushka.

izincwadi zokufundisa ingane

Olunye uhlobo izincwadi, ofanele kakhulu ukufunda ebuntwaneni - iwumkhiqizo uhlamvu yobuchopho. Bantwana abathanda izindaba mayelana nemvelo, izitshalo, izilwane, kanye ukwaziswa okuthakazelisayo mayelana emazweni ahlukahlukene, njll Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi incwadi edingekayo ukufunda izingane - uhlobo olukhethekile izincwadi, okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa amakhono lolwazi futhi yokudala wengane. Ngakho-ke, kungaba ukunikela thina abantwana hhayi umsebenzi kuphela, kodwa futhi nezimfumbe, puzzle, puzzle ama-crossword nezinye umzimba fun ukufundisa izingane ezincane ukuba umsebenzi ngokwengqondo. Njengoba isibonelo ingashiwo imisebenzi Bianchi Nosova.

"Yabesifazane" izinhlobo ezincwadini

Izincwadi, ukufunda kuphoqelekile abesifazane - okungukuthi, njengoba umthetho, zothando, umphenyi satirical futhi ezihlekisayo, mhlawumbe - adventure ukuzidela umkhiqizo. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi ihlanganisa nezincwadi zesayensi kanye ezemfundo, temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ukukhanya kanye izinkondlo. umkhiqizo odumile kakhulu Dontsova Ustinov, ngubani ukubhala ifomu esijabulisayo kodwa futhi yasekuqaleni. Lesi sitayela isethulo, mhlawumbe, ezidumile ikakhulukazi phakathi ubulili fair.

Uhlu lwezincwadi edingekayo ongazifunda abesifazane, kungenziwa agcwaliswa, kanye temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ezinjalo abalobi ezidumile njengoba A. Christie, Charlotte Brontë, D. Austin. temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba zabo libhekene icebo okukhulu ezijulile futhi abukhali, okuzoba ikakhulukazi othakazelisayo for kokubili amantombazane asemancane kanye nabantu abadala njengoba amakhosikazi nomama. Ekugcineni, kufanele eceleni bathi ngetinkondlo. Kufanele, okokuqala kunakho konke, ingasaphathwa izinkondlo elimangalisayo Anna Akhmatova futhi Marina Tsvetaeva, okuyinto, by umsindo wabo kangcono ukuze izilaleli zesifazane. Phakathi nale misebenzi sikwazi ukuncoma amanoveli "Dzhen Eyr", "elinguConsuelo," "Pride and Prejudice", "idolobha".

Kuye kwanyatheliswa izincwadi "zabesilisa"

Izincwadi, ukufunda kuphoqelekile amadoda - lena cishe enye yezinkinga ezinzima kakhulu: inkinga yokuzikhethela Kulokhu kukhona acute ikakhulukazi. Circle imisebenzi abhalwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zasekhaya kanye abalobi angaphandle, kuyinto ehluke ezibanzi. Ungashayela futhi abaseshi kanye adventure izincwadi futhi yesayensi, futhi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba entsha, futhi abaningi abanye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlu kungenziwa ngokuthi futhi isicelo izincwadi: imisebenzi yobunjiniyela, ukulungiswa, ubuchwepheshe bama-computer eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukwakhiwa kanye nezinye izimboni. Ngoba amadoda ngokuvamile aba izinto zokuzilibazisa ezifana ngokudoba, ukuzingela banganikeza umsebenzi kudivayisi ukudoba ngenela, izibhamu, izimoto. Futhi amadoda engase abe nesithakazelo imisebenzi uhlobo kohlaziyo: ezombusazwe, ezomnotho, ezenhlalakahle kanye nokubhekelela, ekugcineni, zincwadi ziphakathi kokulandisa okuvelele ngokwesayensi.

Ukuze kungenziwa wanezela kulolu hlu futhi izincwadi uhlamvu engqondweni yethu: isibonelo, umsebenzi bemvelo jikelele umlando, i-social science, ezomnotho kanye nabanye. Mhlawumbe, abaningi abathakazelayo ngemisebenzi sawo esiningi. amadoda Modern unesithakazelo ibhizinisi, ngakho noma iyiphi incwadi ezithakazelisayo izinkampani, yezokuhwebelana kanye Entrepreneurship namuhla okubaluleke ngokukhethekile kuzo. Ngoba abantu nakanjani izincwadi "ayesempini ka kwaseStalingrad," "Zezıhlabane Snow", "Amaqabane Three", "The Old Man ULwandle," "Kobani Bell Imigwaqo ekhokhelwayo".

izincwadi ezilotshwe ababhali

Manje umbuzo uwukuthi esiphuthumayo ikakhulukazi ukuthi udinga ukudala uhlu olulodwa enobunye, okwakuba khona kuyo yonke izincwadi edingekayo ukufunda. Akungabazeki Classic lifaka kuqala phakathi ndathane izincwadi. Yiqiniso, okokuqala kunakho konke, kubonelelwa kakhulu ama-imisebenzi abalobi angaphandle. Ngokwesiko ukutadisha izimbongi Russian we XIX leminyaka (Pushkin, Lermontov, Fet nabanye), kanye abalobi ezinkulu, bezincwadi eziqanjiwe, owabhala omkhulukazi amanoveli eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, qiniseka ukuthi ukufunda "I Cherry Orchard," "Three Sisters," "Intuthu", "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu."

Nokho, inkinga itholakala lokuthi ukuthi zabuna angaphandle akufanele ilibaleke. Ngeshwa, abafundi ekilasini cishe Asitholanga inkomba ebonisa lokho kwaba izincwadi West Europe naseMelika, ingasaphathwa imisebenzi abalobi Eastern. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izincwadi ezinjalo enyamalele umqondo abafundi, mhlawumbe ngisho okukhulu nokungcono elidlula i-Internet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nezincwadi zakudala yakha wonke, ekugxiliseni uthando lokufunda, isithakazelo ezilukhuni zefilosofi, lifundisa okufanele licatshangwe. Kusukela zabuna kuya edingekayo kokufunda lezo zincwadi ezilandelayo: "Amathathu Musketeers," "Hamlet," "Othello," "Ivanhoe", "shagreen lesikhumba", "Obaba and Sons", nabanye.

zabuna Meaning

Phakathi imisebenzi nezincwadi zakudala ukuba ufunde kufanele ngokuthi kwasekuqaleni, izincwadi kangcono ibonisa inkathi yabo futhi ezintsha ngempela isiko. Ngesikhathi, skrolela okulandelayo izinhlobo: zomlando, yesayensi, amanoveli namaqiniso, imisebenzi nakancane, izincwadi kumnandi, a Analogue yesimanje okuyinto fantasy, abaseshi. Ngokufunda izincwadi edingekayo ezifana "koroleva Margo", "Twenty weziNkulungwane Amaligi Ngaphansi Sea", "Germinal", "iNkosi Izindandatho."

Kuyadingeka ukuba sikhumbule ukubaluleka ekutadisheni nezincwadi zakudala eneminyaka engu-esikoleni, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi wabeka izisekelo abafundi kwezimiso nesimo sengqondo. Kuze kube yimanje, ukubaluleka ezikhethekile amanoveli zomlando kanye amanoveli, ezifana "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" by Pushkin. Lo msebenzi akakwazanga bakwazi kangcono ukugxilisa uthando nesithakazelo esikhathini esidlule, umlando Russia. Incwadi edingekayo ukufunda kule uhlobo, kumele kufundwe ngaso umongo izici of ukuthuthukiswa nephrozi Russian ngokuvamile.

izici Jikelele eqanjiwe, lengemaciniso

Uhlu ezihlongozwayo kuyadingeka ukwenza leyo misebenzi ukuthi kumelwe ukuba wazi yonke muntu ofundile. Kulesi simo ngeke lukhuphukele zabuna, kodwa futhi kudingeka akhulume umsebenzi engqondweni yethu ososayensi ahlukahlukene. Phakathi imisebenzi eqanjiwe, kuzomele uqale ukubiza amanoveli ezinkulu bezincwadi eziqanjiwe edume kakhulu, ngubani ngempela nomthelela okuningi ekuthuthukiseni temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba Russian (Gogol, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, nabanye). Imisebenzi yabo - kuyingqopha-mlando ngenkathi isiko Russian. Qiniseka ukufunda "Imiphefumulo Dead", "isilima", "Asya", "Isidleke Noble".

Zabuna wesinye isizwe ungumthombo lokuqala ledzingekako zonke ngikhulume ngalabo abalobi amela umsuka izinhlobo ehola ezincwadini. Ngokwesibonelo, Shakespeare ubhekwa umsunguli uhlobo idrama ekulotshweni idlala enkundleni yemidlalo. Phakathi izinhlobo ezintsha kwezincwadi European zihlanganisa izinhlobo kakade oshiwo ngenhla izinhlobo, okuyinto kumele batetayete kunoma yimuphi umuntu abafundile.

Amabhuku zonke

Izincwadi edingekayo ukufunda kuwo wonke umuntu, kufanele ihlanganise hhayi kuphela endabeni eqanjiwe, kodwa futhi lenemaciniso, kanye umsebenzi wokufundisa. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze simazi kangcono umlando Russia, ungafunda imisebenzi Karamzin ( "Umlando we State Russian") ukunikeza kube nekucondza ngalokufanako ifilosofi ungabona imisebenzi abalobi okuholela emkhakheni (Hegel, "Philosophy of History").

Ngokuphathelene izincwadi zamanje, ujwayele liphinde othandeakayo umuntu ngamunye ofunda. Labo abakhuthele ekuphileni komphakathi, kumele ayejwayele okungenani izincwadi ezinkulu entsha evelayo emashalofini. Omunye izinhlobo imfashini kakhulu kulezi zinsuku (ikakhulukazi intsha) iyinhlangano uhlobo fantasy. Imisebenzi ezilotshwe kule isitayela, kuyanda ezingasho entsheni.

izincwadi ukuzijabulisa

Amabhuku Ukufundwa ayimpoqo Akudingeki kube ezinzima. Umbhali wayevame ukunezela lokhu umkhiqizo lwemvelo ukukhanya ephelele sokufunda abantu ngisho nezono ezinkulu ephethe ukunambitheka esiqinile ofuna izinto ngenkani. Ngokwesibonelo, iphephabhuku edishini noma anthologies, amaqoqo, anikezelwe nanoma yimuphi umdlalo noma zokuzijabulisa, ukuhlobisa eshalofini.

Njengoba intsha, manje kuyanda imfashini izinhlu ku ezicini ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kwezomnotho kanye namasiko. Akungabazeki ukuthi kukhethwa izincwadi kuyadingeka ukuze akhumbule lezi imisebenzi. Le misebenzi zinhle e ezifanela kokubili abadala kanye nentsha. Nokho, manje lolu hlobo ncwadi kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile ukufunda isikhala ngogesi futhi baye kuyi-Internet, ngakolunye uhlangothi kahle, njengoba kwandisa ukutholakala kwabo umfundi jikelele, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, umthengi elahlekelwa isithakazelo ukuthenga mikhiqizo.

Uhlu izincwadi ezifanele

Amabhuku Ukufundwa ayimpoqo ziza ezihlukahlukene uhlu lapho abalobi ukunikela izinguqulo zabo alabo imisebenzi odinga ukukwazi wonke umuntu ufundile. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke uhlu umsebenzi elenziwe abafundi ikhumbula izici of izincwadi ukuthuthukiswa ezizwe abathintekayo emlandweni Russian.

Ngaphandle-ke, izikhala inethiwekhi evulekile ungathola hlu izincwadi 100, ukufunda edingekayo of. Ngamunye unikeza yayo okufushane yesakhi izincwadi, okuyinto, ngokombono wakhe, kufanele ifundwe. Konke lokhu uhlu nhlobo ukwehluka omunye wabo sinento esifana ngayo - isifiso ithuba lokwamukela imisebenzi ebalulekile kakhulu futhi esivelele emakhulwini eminyaka adlule kanye yesimanjemanje. Abalobi abacabanga ukuthi njengoba temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba engcono izinkondlo of abalobi wendawo kanye angaphandle.

Izintandokazi abafundi banamuhla

cwaningo abathandwayo lwenziwe ngomunye kwabantu yesimanje ngokuthi iziphi izinhlobo futhi izinhlobo kwezincwadi okwamanje ethandwa kakhulu phakathi isizukulwane abasha phakathi. Weza esiphethweni sokuthi eminyakeni yamuva umphakathi ukufunda unesithakazelo fantasy isinyathelo-umphenyi ngesisekelo balifundisise zokuxhumana. Le nkomba Kubalulekile izinqumo mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izincwadi ekufundeni ayimpoqo kufanele kukhethwe ukuba kumfundi wanamuhla.