John esigodlweni Baptist (eMoscow)

John esigodlweni Baptist (eMoscow) - isikhumbuzo wezenzo federal ngisho ukubaluleka global. Ngu ukhona kakhulu, kanye nezinguquko yezakhiwo usukela emuva cishe zonke esidlule e Moscow, nge kokunqotshwa kwalo, umlilo nokulungiswa kwesimo esidalekile. Wayengase nje ulahleke endabeni futhi equliswa ekubhujisweni ngesihluku. Kodwa, sibonga okholweni nokukhuthala amaRashiya amaningi, manje ejabulisa amehlo ethu.

St ioann Predtecha

Lokhu saint liyahlonishwa ngendlela efanayo eNcasakazini uMariya yena. Phela, wayehawukela yabatshela ngokuzalwa esizayo kaKristu. Futhi ngakho yokumbonga, isibalo esikhulu nokuhlobisa amathempeli namasonto ezakhiwa, kokubili eRussia futhi emhlabeni. Omunye elidume kunawo wonke uSanta uJohane uMbhapathizi Sezindela eMoscow.

Ngizalwa lokhu ingane okungavamile umndeni bogosluzhiteley kaZakariya, u-Elisabethe. Ezibikezelwe nesenzakalo noyise Ingelosi Eyinhloko Gabriel. Wathi umntwana ongakazalwa - ungumhambeli omkhulu kukaMesiya. Bengakholwa kaZakariya ikhokhwe dumbness.

Kufika iminyaka engu-30, uJohane ehlane. Wayehola ukuphila komuntu olungile, ngaleso emfanele inhlonipho nokukhulekela eJerusalema abantu. Kuye yayivame ukwamukela imfihlakalo enkulu kwangaleso sikhathi ngokuphathelene nobhapathizo. Ngokokulandisa, uKristu ngokwakhe beza kuJohane. Lapho, ogwadule Jordan, wabhapathizwa.

Phakathi ezintshumayelweni zakhe nezindaba eziphathelene noMesiya, kanye ukuchayeka kwemibuso eziningi uJohane uMbhapathizi wayenguEliya anqunywe ikhanda. Ngemva kwalokho ingxenye izinsalela banikwa at zezindela ezahlukene njengoba izindawo zokukhulekela.

Umklamo Ensemble

UJohane uMbhapathizi esigodlweni itholakala cishe enhliziyweni eMoscow. Isebangeni okusezingeni eliphezulu entabeni olunothile, okuyinto ezungeza indlela endala kule Ryazan futhi uVladimir ngokuthi "Solyanka".

Sekuyisikhathi eside Le ndawo ingeyamakhosi Endulo, Russian endlini grand-ducal. Kwasukasukela kwakukhona yokuhlala ezweni kanye izingadi olunzulu. Yibo labo awunika igama lokuthi zezindela zendawo amasonto - ". Izingadi ubudala" in the

On ingaphandle sezindela nasezindaweni ezizungezile kakhulu kuthonywa imililo, incithakalo nokubhujiswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ubone isithombe yayo yasekuqaleni akunakwenzeka namuhla.

Ekuqaleni, kwaba isonto zakudala oluyingungu. Bokwakha, kwakunamabandla amathathu kompheme. Ngakho-ke, phezu ethempelini kwabonakala Phillips.

Manje singakwazi kuphela ukugcina eziyinkimbinkimbi kabusha eliye lakhula ngekhulu XIX, lo odumile futhi iyahlonishwa Bykovsky academician.

Ngo maphakathi Ensemble kuyingxenye zako ezisemqoka - lombhishobhi nge Dome omkhulu faceted. Isigodlo ahlukaniswa lasendulo udonga lwamatshe. Futhi eduze kwesango eyinhloko Saints esezinzile umbhoshongo ezimbili insimbi. Engxenyeni esempumalanga yaleli ebonakalayo isakhiwo esibhedlela esikhethekile ebandleni. Kubaluleke zonke izakhiwo zixhunywe zemibukiso.

Esikhathini enyakatho-ntshonalanga wahlala umzimba ngasese-Refectory. Namuhla, le ngxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi is run by Ministry Russian Wezangaphakathi. Ngebhadi-ke, kancane kancane yawela labhidlika.

Umlando sokudalwa

Ivanovsky Sezindela - isakhiwo ngempela lasendulo. Ngemva eziningi kangaka izenzakalo cishe zazifile ubufakazi obubhalwe phansi kwendalo yayo. Ngakho-ke, kwezinye imithombo idatha ukuhluka.

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala Isigodlo zingatholakala encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla esekhona 1415. Bachaza lokuzalwa Prince Vasily II Ebumnyameni. Ekuqaleni, Isigodlo kwaba owesilisa. Kwakungenxa nje ngo-1530, ngemva kokuthuthela Kulishki, behlonipha ukuzalwa Ivan Vasilyevich, ke abazinikele abesifazane.

I iholide main, usuku okwenzeka amaholide okukhiphayo amakhosi, kwaba ku 29 August. It sanikezelwa ikhanda ngokunqunywa Ioanna Predtechi sika. Futhi, izikhulu eMoscow wavakashela isikhungo sezindela kanye Easter. Yibe usunikeza izipho futhi amaqanda ezimibalabala Easter.

Kwakukhona futhi elinye igama - uJohane uMbhapathizi esigodlweni stauropegic. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, wathola izakhiwo ezintsha futhi umhlaba eyanikelwa amakhosi futhi enamandla. Nokho, ngokuvamile, njengoba nje abhubhisa, kanye eyakhelwe. Futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi kule ndawo ongcwele ayengamakhulu abashisekeli enamandla nezinhle.

Umlando wezindela Tsarist Russia

Naphezu Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, ukuqashelwa eliphezulu kakhulu iSt John Isigodlo Baptist aluthola ngesikhathi kubusa Mikhail Fedorovich. Bona indlovukazi Evdokia Lukyanovna ngonyaka ezenziwe ngamaholide sezindela Imiphumela usuku ukukhunjulwa Ioanna Predtechi. Ngalezo zinsuku yayakhiwe Refectory, belfry netshe uphonse insimbi entsha.

Wabe eseqala sijwayelane isiko servicemen nemindeni kwesikhulu wangcwatshwa eduze sezindela. Kuqukethwe abahlala iminikelo nale mikhaya, kanye iminikelo evela igadle kwezwakala nasezimalini zenkosi.

Kuba nezinguquko eziphawulekayo e izakhiwo kanye ukuphila jikelele kaJohane esigodlweni Baptist wahlupheka ngesikhathi kubusa uPetru I. Khona isimemezelo yamukelwa ukuba esikhundleni amaseli eziningi lokhuni olukulesi itshe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, washintsha Ukwakheka kwezenhlalo nakwezenkolo. Manje nomthofu Isigodlo baba abantu abengeziwe kusukela abathengisi nabefundisi.

Ngemva kokushisa eMoscow nokuqeda zezindela eziningi Ivanovsky Sezindela wakwazi ukuthola i-ngisho uthuthukise. Lokhu kungenxa prelate Filaret futhi Marii Mazurinoy.

Isikhathi-USSR

Njengoba sekunama-the "abantu" samandla ubuKristu yonke enye inkolo futhi izikhonzi zayo abangu bamshushisa ngonya. Lashushiswa nabakhileyo Isigodlo Baptist. Uhulumeni omusha wanquma uhlele abode ekhethekile emakamu okuhlushwa.

Yena waqala livalelwe ayeke ukuza esontweni. Iziphathimandla abopha zonke akhawunti asebhange, abakwasidlodlo babaphuca ezithathekayo ngisho ingcebo, kanye esibhedlela zamanje ivaliwe. Izindela izimfundamakhwela ziyaye sibonga okulahla bashushiswa futhi babulawelwa zonke izinhlobo strangulated.

Futhi kakade 1931 zonke izakhamuzi zakhona ezisele, baboshwa mhlaka-amacala angamanga futhi eyejwayelekile bagqugquzela ukuba kuvukelwe amaSoviet. Abaningi izindela zadingiselwa Kazakhstan.

Ngu 80s cishe yonke indawo yakwa-Isigodlo sanikelwa izidingo zikamasipala kanye nezokuphatha. Iningi ephethwe futhi kungokwalabo Wezangaphakathi nge pool zeminyango kanye sauna. Endaweni nazo ngokudubula, umsebenzi wokunyathelisa nokuthutha isitoreji ekhethekile isimo zomlando.

Kuphela ngemva kokuwa wase-USSR Ivanovsky Sezindela kancane kancane waqala alulame. Kancane kancane wabuyela besonto nabefundisi, kanye steel ukukhululwa isikhala ngaphambili.

Izakhamuzi odumile Isigodlo

Ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene ke wavakashelwa zonke izinhlobo zabantu, kusuka amakilasi nomphakathi futhi bonke ubudala. Futhi-ke, isizathu babengavumelani wonke umuntu. Nakhu kufika kubantu abanokholo, nesimo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma, kube ngukuthethelelwa kwezono.

Phakathi John tsarist esigodlweni Baptist cishe ngokuphelele eziqukethwe kwemali ezo grand. Zonke nesigaba sezicebi ukwenze iminikelo ethile, iqhaza emphilweni yesigodlo. Ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe balapha amalungu emindenini zasebukhosini. Lapho bembela o-izihlobo zabo ezase zishonile. Futhi Isigodlo baba abode kakhokho enamandla.

Kodwa hhayi kuphela amavolontiya wathatha izifungo. Ngu umyalo wombusi esigodlweni sezindela okubhekiselwe esingesihle futhi iyingozi kubantu amandla. Omunye weziboshwa edume kunazo ekuqa- le zikhathazeke XVIII-XIX eminyaka wayedume Princess Avgusta Tarakanova. Kuyinto yindlalifa ngqo kwesihlalo sobukhosi, indodakazi umshado imfihlo Elizabeth kanye Razumovsky forcibly tonsured wancishwa ithuba abaphila khona ngenkululeko.

Lapha kwaphethwa ngokuthi futhi tormentor of abalimi okwaziwayo - Saltychikha. On unembeza wakhe phezu 140 imiphefumulo zonakale. Daria Saltykov wachitha ethuneni engu-11. Khona-ke waphoqeleka ukuba aphile yezinyoni evuliwe phambi kwamehlo abo bonke ebandleni.

Kwakumelwe lapha weziwula yayo, ngubani kwakukhulekelwa ngokuthi osanta. Ngokwesibonelo, indaba likhuluma ngezinsizwa nezintombi skhinomonahine uMarta. unkosikazi wayo ohlonishwayo UMikhail Romanov njengoba umsizi ebeletha. Futhi ngisho nangemva kokushona kaMarta kwakuyinkambiso ukuba asebenzele zethuna lalo ukulungiswa ngempumelelo ukukhulelwa.

Amathempelana Ivanovsky Sezindela

Ukholo porazhdaet izinto eziningi ezinhle. Yiqiniso, indawo yokwakhiwa wezindela wakhethwa abantu abavamile, hhayi izimpawu njengoba Leushinsky uJohane uMbhapathizi Sezindela. Kodwa iminyaka eminingi kangaka, sibonga ukholo nokukhulekela, sezindela eMoscow hola udumo eyisimangaliso.

Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka kule ndawo eqoqwe izinto okungenele yokukhulekela. Ngaphezu isithonjana ngokuyisimangaliso esigodlweni sezindela kukhona izinhlayiya okuthiwa zingcwele ongcwele:

• St Ioanna Predtechi.
• St-Alexis.
• St uMathewu.
• St Nikolaya Chudotvortsa.
• Umphilisi Panteleimon nabanye abaningi.

John esigodlweni Baptist (Vyazma)

Ngaphakathi the gama omkhulu of the Prophet amasonto amaningi amathempeli. ERussia, ngaphezu Isigodlo eMoscow kwegama elifanayo, it is ngisho John esigodlweni Baptist (Vyazma) eyaziwa. It yasungulwa Smolensk esifundeni, ngokusho kombiko ahlukahlukene, ngo-1536 noma 1542

Emlandweni ekuqaleni we sezindela wavakashelwa izikhulu Russian Boris Godunov no-Ivan Grozny. Isikhathi isiyaluyalu izimpi wakuzwa ngendlela nezinye sezindela. izikhathi zakhe eziningi aphanga futhi kwabhujiswa, futhi isivele awukwazi ukubona ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni.

Ekhulwini XVIII lalihlelekile okhethekile wokufundisa, bese Theological College. Phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet iningi eziyinkimbinkimbi wabhujiswa, ngomsebenzi wokwakha kwenziwe futhi kuze kube yilolu suku.