Izinqolobane Eyingqayizivele Tatarstan: zemvelo, iminyuziyamu

Ensimini ka Tatarstan, njengoba ezindaweni eziningi kulo lonke elaseRussia, kukhona nemvelo reserves yomlando reserve iminyuziyamu ukuthi ukugcina isimo sokuqala yezindawo zemvelo kanye zomlando esiyingqayizivele.

Iziqiwu weRiphabhulikhi Tatarstan: eVolga-Kama, kahulumeni yokulondoloza imvelo Lower Kama, kanye nezigaba amaningi amasiko.

Zonke izindawo ezivikelekile ukumboza mayelana 1% yonke insimu weRiphabhulikhi, okuyinto nenkundla ezincane. Ukuze wandise kumasayithi afana ne ezweni eyenziwa omningi ezingeni wombuso.

incazelo emfushane iVolga-Kama Indawo egicna imvelo

IVolga-Kama Reserve ihlanganisa indawo amahektheli phezu ayizinkulungwane 10. indawo Its itholakala eduze ezinkulu emifuleni Kama futhi iVolga. Nesimo salezi izingxenye esiyingqayizivele weRiphabhulikhi amumethe zinhlobo eziningi ze-yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene.

Lokhu Biosphere Reserve - kuphela inhlobo yayo ensimini ka Tatarstan. It liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: Raifsky (mayelana 6 ha.) Futhi Saralovskogo ingxenye (angaphezu kuka-4 ha.).

I izitshalo esiqiwini licishe 844 kuphela zezitshalo semithambo (r. H. 51 zezintaka nezitshalo ezokudabuka kwamanye amazwe). Kukhona futhi kumakwe nezinhlobo kunalokho ezingavamile kusukela Red Encwadi Russia: Red Cephalanthera, izicathulo, umnduze Sarankov nokunye.

Raif indawo zikaphayini emangalisayo emasimini cishe engu-300 ubudala. Nangu dedrosad esiyingqayizivele kunazo futhi, equkethe mayelana 500 zezitshalo ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Etholakala lapha nobuhle okumangazayo amachibi emvelo.

Itulo Saralovsky okuphawulekayo ukuthi owakhiwe efakwe ohlwini e-International Red Incwadi okhozi elimhlophe-tailed. Kulo lonke elaseYurophu, akakho omunye endaweni enjengale nge lokuhlushwa ezinjalo kulezi izinyoni ezinhle. On endaweni th 4 kuphela. Hectare isidleke 8 ngazimbili amanqe.

isithakazelo esikhulu yilona esiyingqayizivele kazwelonke kanye nesimo reserve iminyuziyamu yaseTatarstan. Abanye babo kafushane kuchaziwe ngezansi.

Bulgarian lomlando Architectural State Museum-Reserve

Kusinda isimo esingokomlando ise Ephakathi iVolga kanye Kama River Basin (X-XIII ekhulwini). He qamba ngo-1969. Kuyinto isayithi endala mlando e Tatarstan.

eziyinkimbinkimbi Bulgarian - the Northerly kakhulu lesikhumbuzo izwe izakhiwo Muslim Ephakathi. Lona lesikhumbuzo kuphela emhlabeni ifakazela ukuthi abantu eside yokuqothulwa uthi lasendulo - iVolga Bulgaria kanye Golden zidlamlilo. Kuyinto ubufakazi isiko wanyamalala, indlela yokuphila ngalezo zikhathi.

Lapha, phakathi ekumbeni eziye zatholakala, futhi uyaqhubeka ukuhlonza bemivubukulo amaningi uthola esibalulekile: izinsalela zamathambo ahlukahlukene bezikhathi zasendulo, amasayithi zabantu lasendulo.

Reserve iminyuziyamu yaseTatarstan futhi namanje ubuyise zobuciko bemivubukulo kutholakele phakathi kumbiwa ngo isimangaliso engapheli izindawo ezithakazelisayo mlando.

Sviyazhsk isiqhingi

Zelenodolsk esifundeni Tatarstan kukhona esiqhingini esincane ngesikhathi confluence imifula Pike futhi Sviyaga.

Isiqhingi-edolobheni waziwa iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-500. Qala Sviyazhsk kuyinto inqaba. Ngo-1551, yayakhiwe langemuva lesitha (1 inyanga kuphela). Ngenxa wakhe, inhloko-dolobha Khanate Kazan wawa.

Okwamanje, kuphela-zintathu Cathedral uselokhu endaweni. Ngalezo zinsuku, senziwa enkonzweni khona Ivana Groznogo kuya bamba Kazan.

Ngezinye Sviyazhsk samanje - yayithandwa kakhulu izihambeli eziyinkimbinkimbi kuleli zwe.

"Old Kazan '(" Suit Kazan')

Reserve iminyuziyamu yaseTatarstan baphathe umlando ekuqaleni ukuphila Tatar abantu (hhayi kuphela), kumiswa isiko nenkolo.

"Old Kazan 'kubhekwa iphuzu ukuqala ngokufunda umlando Tatarstan yesimanje. Kuyinto engcwele yokukhulekela for Muslims. Leli zwe, amagquma nasemifantwini yamadwala, ngokugcina ngokwako izimpendulo zemibuzo eminingi.

Kazan - umuzi eminyakeni 1000 edlule. Wayeke waba nje edolobheni elincane. Nokho impikiswano kuba mbuzo ngobuhlobo "ubudala" futhi "musha" Kazan.

Ukuba khona medieval ubudala (Suit) Kazan, ngokuvumelana wemizi yasendulo elise ezigodini ezintathu: Kamaeva, Tatarskaya Aysha futhi Russian Urmat (Vysokogorsky District).

Ngokusho yetinsita lo muzi wakhiwa Bulgar izikhulu (iminyaka eyisikhombisa Altyn-Bek anesithoba-Alim Bey). Yakhiwa phezu Kazanka (umfula), lapho kwakulula khona ngoba iningi bend kwakhiwa (ukhamba). Izici landscape zifane polukotel omkhulu (polukazan). Yingakho igama lalowo muzi.

Lovely Kazan ezibiyele

izinqolobane Cultural zomlando yaseTatarstan Ukwakheka yabo futhi ukukhangana eyinhloko-dolobha republic - Kazan Kremlin. He is into owusizo nakumasiko weRiphabhulikhi.

Fortress kuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi Tatar nezitayela Russian yezakhiwo.
Lokhu kuhlanganisa izindawo ezilandelayo: ezibiyele Kazan (X-XVI eminyaka.), Stone ezibiyele (XVI-XVIII eminyaka.) Futhi nezinye izakhiwo eminingi yezakhiwo (XVI-XIX eminyaka.).

Ikakhulukazi bakhangwa "ngokudubula" Suyumbike umbhoshongo, elakhiwa Ivanom Groznym (1552) emva uziyisa Kazan. Mayelana nombhoshongo ophakeme khona izinganekwane ahlukahlukene nama-legends.

On endaweni ezibiyele iminyuziyamu futhi embukisweni umsebenzi. Abahlukile Kazan ezibiyele - lesikhumbuzo zomlando ngaphansi kwesivikelo UNESCO.

izinqolobane kazwelonke Tatarstan zinokwaziswa ebalulekile mayelana nezigameko zomlando bezikhathi zasendulo, isiko, amasiko nemikhuba yezizwe.