Izinhlobo kanye namagama amaswidi (uhlu)

Kubantu abaningi, candy - uswidi ozithandayo esingagcini nje ukujabulisa ukunambitheka yakho, kodwa futhi ukuze bajabule up bese wengeza amandla. Lezi amaswidi ezihlukahlukene uzilungiselele ukuthi emakhulwini amaningana eminyaka, futhi igama candy (uhlu okuyinto okusesihlokweni esithi) ngaleso sikhathi kuningi osekushintshile.
Lesi sihloko sizosisiza ukukhuluma ngokuthi iziphi izinhlobo awukudla sweet etholakalayo namuhla confectionery ibhizinisi, indlela bayehluka nendlela zibizwa kanjalo.

Uma befika lapho?

awukudla Sweet, kokumethemba amaswidi esizithandayo, wayithanda emazweni ahlukene kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ngakho abapheki waseGibhithe lasendulo wadala ubumnandi uju, lemon namafutha, iris izimpande, imihlanga kanye nezinsuku, futhi amaRoma - kusukela abilisiwe imbewu poppy, amantongomane, uju kanye izinhlamvu ze-sesame isisindo. ERussia walithanda uju wenza kusukela Maple isiraphu, uju kanye Molasses.

Candies ukuthi ibukeke namuhla, zavezwa ukubonwa ngekhulu XVI e-Italy. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zilungisiwe ukukhiqizwa yezimboni ushukela, ngaphandle okuyinto akunakwenzeka ukukhiqiza amaswidi. Ekuqaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kwakuwumyalezo izidakamizwa ezinamandla, yayibizwa ithengiswe kuphela Pharmacy. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, candied ushukela, base okuthiwa ushokoledi, saphela imithi, futhi baba amaswidi ethandwa.

Kuyini lokhu?

Igama elithi "candy" iza isiRashiya kusukela isiNtaliyane, lapho confetto kusho "iphilisi, candy." Ekuqaleni, lalisetshenziswa kunodokotela Italian ukuqamba izingcezu izithelo candied - izithelo candied ithengiswa njengoba imithi. Ifomu ubuningi - "candy" - uvele kancane kamuva ekhulwini XIX, lapho sekungenzeka carnivals ethandwa Italy, lapho abadlali aphonse confetti ngezinye ngamunye - candy inkohliso wenza ngosimende.

Namuhla, ngaphansi amaswidi khekhe amnandi ziyabonisa futhi ezahlukene ifomu, ukubukeka, ukunambitheka kanye ukuthungwa.

Yiziphi?

ububanzi Modern amaswidi omkhulu kangangokuthi yababhaki eziningi kukhuphukele ngeengaba. Siphinde wonder yini sikwazi ukuthenga kule izinhlobo esitolo amaswidi, esimagama sekunzima kuhluke ngokuphawulekayo ezivela abakhiqizi ezahlukene. Ethandwa kakhulu ziphoqa abathengi Russian:

• Caramel. Siqukethe Molasses noshukela.
• Nemfica. Omunye elula enkulu ekwakhekeni imikhiqizo confectionery, okubangelwa ukupheka Molasses, ushukela noma corn isiraphu. I etholwe Ukwakheka enongiwe futhi batheleka Umumo ekhethekile. Igama uhlu amaswidi lapha ngenzansi.

- caramel candy;

- candy induku;

- candies zihambisana ephepheni;

- candies ezithambile - monpase;

- licorice candy noma okunosawoti;

- i-candy side noma oblong emise. Amagama nezithombe "izinti" abanjalo futhi "izinti" lapha ngenzansi.

• Iris, ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi toffee. Leli gama benyuka wasebenza ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX Petersburg French khekhe Morna, owabona ukufana candy amacembe iris flower. Zenziwa kusukela Ubisi olujiyile, ibhotela noshukela aqukethe kubalulekile ukuze ukusebenza evamile umzimba sika-vitamin B _12. "Tuzik", "Kis-Kis", "Golden Key", "zikamanqulwane Dairy" - konke amagama uswidi nenkathi yamaSoviet. Uhlu butterscotch ke, njengoba ubona, lalilincane.
• Chocolate candies. Kuye ukugcwaliswa zezinhlobo ezilandelayo ababonakali ngezikhundla:

- souffle, njengokuthi "ubisi Lenyoni" le, ezingasetshenziswa futhi ngokuthi "inyoni ezimangalisayo", "inyoni Bogorodskaya", "Wintergreen" nabanye;

- amantongomane okugazingiwe itholakala ku nati ochotshoziwe ezigcwele ushukela, izithelo isiraphu noma uju. Lawa candies ngokuthi "amantongomane okugazingiwe e chocolate", "yokuwugazinga inganekwane", "Strawberry ngosile nuts" nezinye;

- Praline - chocolate candy egcwele osugugile noshukela cocoa nuts exutshwe brandy noma omunye ukunambitheka, "ihlumela", "Babaevskie", "Shokonatka", "Juliet";

- ugologo equkethwe ngaphakathi candy ukugxusha atholakala kuyi-sugar isiraphu noma utshwala brandy "ukhilimu utshwala", "Chocolate yotshwala", "velvet eluhlaza";

- e candy jelly ukugcwaliswa ngaphansi ungqimba ushokoledi kuyinto berry obukhulu noma izithelo jelly, "Lel", "Wik Night", "dada", "Gulf" nabanye;

- "Sweet" noma amaswidi fondant ukugcwaliswa, ethathwe ubisi, isiraphu, ukhilimu, ushukela, izithelo ofakwe, kanye nezinye izingxenye, "Mia", "Rakhat", "Spanish Ebusuku" nabanye;

- truffle - ushokoledi okunethezeka laphetha, egcwele ukhilimu ekhethekile French - ganache. Yenziwe ibhotela, ukhilimu, ushokoledi kanye ezihlukahlukene flavour. Ebusweni elingaphandle kungenzeka camera nati othulini noma phansi, noma esilucwecwana imvuthuluka ne nokhokho oyimpuphu.

umlando ushokoledi

Abathandwa eziningi candy ushokoledi uvele sibonga wamazwe odumile - Hernando Cortez wathola zwekazi American. Nguye nabangane bakhe bahlukunyezwa alethwa eYurophu cocoa futhi yethulwa baseYurophu chocolate. Monk Benzoni nomthelela iqiniso lokuthi ushokoledi waba ukusetshenziswa njalo ukugcina impilo le nkosi iSpanishi, kanye bamlandele yizikhonzi zakhe. Kamuva fashion ushokoledi candy liye lasakazekela nakwamanye amazwe, lapho umuntu enethonya abayisebenzisa njengesiqondiso imithi. Up ngokuphelele kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XVII Spain ekhiqizwa Confectioners kuphela ushokoledi kanye candy ukuphuma kuso, futhi wathumela amaswidi izinkantolo eziningi wasebukhosini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imfihlo yokwenza chocolate candy yaziwa kwamanye amazwe, kodwa-ke, kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu XVII, abenziwe ngesandla.

Thanda candy uvele Russia?

Eyokuqala confectionery ifektri ukwenziwa ushokoledi wavulwa ekupheleni French khekhe Umpheki XVII ekhulwini Davidom Shelli. Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XIX eRussia kwakungekho ukukhiqizwa siqu uswidi futhi uphatha baletha ezivela kwamanye amazwe, noma ukulungiselela umpheki ekhethekile emakhishini yezindlu zezikhulu ocebile. Eyokuqala Russian confectionery ifektri wavulwa Petersburg kuphela maphakathi nekhulu XIX.

Njengoba ngaphambili ayebizwa ngokuthi candy?

Njengoba sekushiwo, kuze XIX leminyaka, candy noma amazwe ezweni lethu kusukela phesheya noma ezenziwe ekhaya ku izigodi nezigodlo abakhulu. Ukuze ekhiqizwa ikhaya Amagama achaza amaswidi, ngokuphathelene ukuma, ukulungiselela indlela, amagugu esetshenziswa nezithelo izithelo. Encwadini "New Perfect confectioner isiRashiya, noma enemininingwane esithengisa amaswidi Dictionary", eshicilelwe ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII Petersburg, yilezo kithi ezihlekisayo igama candy njengoba Strawberry ikhekhe kanye ibhilikotsi caramel oluhlaza, Jasmine candies futhi Anise ushukela Ungadla Cherry marzipan amabhilikosi kanye candies.

isihloko zezimboni

Kuvulwa wokuqala Russian confectionery ifektri kwaholela yokuthi ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX, uquqaba lwezingelosi izinhlobo ezehlukene ushokoledi. Okokuqala yayibuswa zokupheka French kanye namagama candy, uhlu okwakuyinto enkulu kakhulu:

• "Baton de Grail";
• "Finshampan";
• "Creme de rizen";
• "Boule de-d";
• "Creme de nuazon";
• "Maron Praline" nabanye.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, igama isiFulentshi ushokoledi liye lahunyushelwa isiRashiya, futhi waqhubeka ukudayiswa, yakhelwe ngokuhambisana lolimi Russian, "AMAZING Venus," "ulimi Cat sika", "Isikhumba Ntombazane", "Cabin". Noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo, wasebenzisa namagama letimbili amaswidi, njengokuthi "igcwele amapharele noma pearl Koriandor". Confectioners Russian entsha, adalwe oswidi, okuthiwa kakade Russian futhi wayevame ukusebenzisa amagama elihlobene ne izithombe wobulili fair, "Sophie", "i-Marianne", "The Merry Umfelokazi", "umdobi", "Marsala". Ikhishwe futhi uchungechunge zemfundo, njengokuthi "Mystery." On ilingana uswidi ibekwe puzzle elula. Ngaphambi izenzakalo-mbuso ka-1917 kwaveza ushokoledi uchungechunge: "Temidlalo", "i-Atlas Geographical," "Izizwe yeSiberia" nabanye.

amaswidi Soviet

Kuze kube Okthoba Revolution kuka-1917, ubungakwazi ukuthenga uswidi "Royal okusajingijolo" noma "Tsar Fyodor Mikhailovich." Ngemva kwakhe amagama candy zishintshile kakhulu. Sales, caramel "ongumlimi" futhi "iRed Army," "Hammer Sickle" futhi "umkhakha wethu". Nokho, ushokoledi anesizotha kubuyise isihloko French: "Dern Cree", "Miniature", "Chartreuse," "bergamot", "Peperment" nabanye. Asizange ngemibono rethinking amagama anjalo hlangothi, njenge- "Squirrel", "Scamps" futhi "bunny". amagama yaseSoviet yokuthuthela candy entsha ibonisa izenzakalo zamanje kanye impumelelo. Ngakho-ke yenziwa 30s kwekhulu elidlule. "Balwela inqubo", "Lungani", "Sabantuy", "I Milkmaid", "Chelyuskinites," "Heroes ye-Arctic", "owawina leli qhwa"

Ukunqoba isikhala man in-yalolucwaningo 60 XX leminyaka sabonakala ukubonakala "Isikhala" emaswidi "Isikhala". Emhlabeni esifanayo, kwaduma ukufaka igama ushokoledi amagama fabulous izinhlamvu etemibhalo: "Snow Maiden", "La Bayadere", "Blue Bird", "Sadko", "Little Red Riding Hood" nabanye.