Izinhlelo ezivimbayo futhi isivikelo ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B. Umgomo ngokumelene hepatitis B

Ukusha Kwesibindi Kohlobo B - isifo yegciwane impela kaningi esiholela ukulimala kwesibindi kanye nezinye izinkinga. Phakathi labantu emhlabeni abantu abayizigidi 350 kukhona elinegciwane negciwane, ezingaba ngu 250,000 bafa minyaka yonke bebulawa isifo sesibindi esingelapheki kubantu. Minyaka yonke, bhalisiwe e laseRussia lilodwa kuze kube amacala amasha yizigidi ezingu-50-hepatitis B, futhi esewonke kukhona abangaba yizigidi ezingu-5 abathwali igciwane.

"Jaundice" Umgomo ngokumelene ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B indlela kuphela onokwethenjelwa ekuvimbeleni igciwane. Lena ukutheleleka esiyingozi, ngezinye izikhathi akukuniki izimpawu ezithile. Lesi sifo lingaphathelaniswa ne impilo ebuthaka, ubuthakathaka jikelele zomzimba, ukungakuthandi ukudla, ukuya ukudla okunamafutha, izifo zesibindi, ukulunywa futhi yellowing kwesikhumba. Ngeshwa, ifomu acute kwesibindi akuyona njalo iyelapheka, futhi 5-10% of amacala bubé. Khona-ke kungaholela isifo sokusha nomdlavuza wesibindi. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukulimala kwesibindi kwenzeka kakhulu kangangokuthi kungaholela ekufeni.

Izinhlobo Ukusha Kwesibindi Kohlobo B

Ukusha Kwesibindi Kohlobo B Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningana futhi kubonakala ngezindlela ezimbili:

• acute;
• ezingelapheki.

Ukusha Kwesibindi Kohlobo efomini acute eba ngokushesha ngemva ukudluliselwa kwegciwane umuntu inezimpawu ezinzima. Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo siba ifomu ezisongela ukuphila okunzima wabiza fulminant. Bangaphezu kuka-90% eziguli omdala kwesibindi acute C iphathwa ngempumelelo, abanye isifo kuba amahlala khona.

Uma umntwana osanda kuzalwa izinkontileka ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo kusukela umama e-95% amacala lesi sifo uya kwifomu ezingamahlalakhona. Kobukhulu izimpawu ifomu zesifo ingase ibe khona ehlukile futhi buhluka ezahlukene yezinkampani, ngaphandle izimpawu kuze esigabeni asebenzayo kwesibindi okungamahlalakhona, isifo sokusha edlulayo. Lesi isifo sina elinesimo isimo ekhethekile ijwabu isibindi. Kukhona ushintsho isakhiwo, ukwakheka isibanda izingxenye, kanjalo i- umzimba eziyisisekelo imisebenzi.

HCV ukutheleleka endleleni

I-hepatitis B igciwane itholakala kuyo yonke uketshezi lomzimba yesiguli inegciwane. Inani enkulu kokuqukethwe ifa igazi, isidoda, uketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. igciwane Kuyaphawuleka esingemnandi umjuluko, ngamathe, izinyembezi, umchamo, nezinye uketshezi of the human bokuphila.

Igciwane idluliselwa ngqo contact mucosal noma ilimele isikhumba ingxenye uketshezi begazi iziguli womuntu.

Ukugonywa ngokumelene hepatitis B

Emazweni amaningi, wokugoma ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kuyadingeka endaweni isikhungo sokwelapha. Okubaluleke ngokuyinhloko kuba wokugoma ezinsaneni egciwaneni ezinsukwini yokuqala ekuphileni kwabo. Futhi uqinisekise ukuthi zigonywe nalabo izigaba sabantu, njengokuthi:

• Iziguli izifo ezidinga nokuphathwa emthanjeni imijovo, ukumpontshelwa noma hemodialysis;
• Abasebenzi zonke izikhungo zokwelapha;
• abafundela ubudokotela;
• abafundi zasenkulisa esikoleni esiphakeme;
• amalungu omndeni nge ukuthutha njalo ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B,
• abantu ngokuvamile zihamba ezindaweni nge okusezingeni eliphezulu legciwane isilinganiso;
• abantu abakaze baye zigonyelwe igciwane.

Labo cha alingeni kunoma yiziphi izigaba ingozi, i-isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo wokugoma B iqondiswa sabo. Izinga ukuphinde abaxhumelele esikalini kusekelwe wavakashela kaningi kangakanani ukuhlinza zamazinyo yezimonyo, manicure, izinwele salon, amaphuzu kwezidingo kanye ukumpontshelwa igazi nokunye. D. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi indlela eyinhloko igciwane kuyinto ngokocansi, kusukela wokugoma ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kumele waqiniseka ngokungabi bikho umlingani wezocansi njalo.

Isimiso yokugoma

Ukugonywa ngokumelene hepatitis B Kwenziwa ujove esicutshini kathathu ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, bese-ke iyaphindwa ukuphila intombazane '14 nge esingaba izinyanga 0-1-6. Ukugonywa ngokumelene hepatitis B kuholela ekwakhekeni kwama-zokuzivikela amasosha omzimba umzimba. Inqubo futhi kwenziwe abantu abangakaze zigonywe engakayihlanganisi iminyaka engu-14, abasebenzi bezempilo kanye abafundela ubudokotela, iziguli abanezifo nalabo okwenzekayo. ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo okunobuthi kuyinto 5-10% of amacala kuba amahlala khona, okungase kuholele ekubeni uthunyelelwe sibe sesomile noma nomdlavuza wesibindi.

Ukusha Kwesibindi Kohlobo B lokugoma wenziwa izigaba eziningana. Le nqubo kuba amandla kuzo zonke izingane. Isimiso yokugoma:

• komthamo wokuqala - emva kokuzalwa, intramuscularly ingane wokugoma injected ngosuku lokuqala;
• umthamo yesibili - amasonto 6-8 ubudala umgomo iqondiswa intramuscularly;
• umthamo yesithathu - ku ngenyanga 7th yomgomo ukuphila esinikezwa kahle.

Izindlela usana wokugomela ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B libhekene imemori okuthiwa eside mzimba, isb ngemva kokuphathwa wokugoma omzimba isikhathi eside zigcinwe ngaso ezingeni eliphezulu. Uma kukhona ingozi yokutheleleka nokuzabalazela igciwane liwile, kukhona isidingo re-ngokugoma.

A usana kuyinto ebucayi kakhulu HCV. Uma ukutheleleka livelile kule nkathi, ingozi inchubekelembili kuthuthaze ezingamahlalakhona 100%. Kodwa ngesikhathi lezi zici mzimba ukuthi ukudala serums neyokugoma kulonyaka, kuba yilapho aphikelela kakhulu.

Izingane ngokushesha emva kokuzalwa zigonywe at izibhedlela womama. Ezikhathini ezimbili - emva kwenyanga futhi ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha wokugoma wokuqala. Umgomo ngokumelene hepatitis B kufanele ibe umtholampilo yezingane. Nge lokugoma isikimu efanele ngaphandle izikhala enikeziwe 100% amasosha omzimba alondolozwe, eminyakeni okungenani eyishumi nanhlanu.

Kukhona amacala lapho wokugoma ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B ayinikeli amasosha omzimba. Lena 5% wabantu sebebonke. Khona-ke kudingeka afune ezinye izindlela ukuvikela igciwane, usebenzisa umgomo lokugoma yezinye izinhlobo.

Umjovo ngokumelene hepatitis B, uvunyelwe eRussia

Kuze kube manje, ukuthuthukisa izinto zanamuhla futhi Amalungiselelo yethula wenze umzimba womuntu wakwazi ukuvikela igciwane. ERussia, wasebenzisa umuthi wokugoma ngokumelene hepatitis B, "Engerix-B", "Regevak B", "Eberbiovak HB", Sci-B-Vac, imvubelo wokugoma isakhi sokuzakhela ngokumelene ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B. Le mithi ngokuyinhloko ekhiqizwa esekelwe nahlanza ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B igciwane ebusweni antigen e etholwe genetic engineering ngokusebenzisa zizalela imvubelo amaseli ugxile ku-aluminium hydroxide. Lezi yokugoma ntombazane ukukhiqizwa kwamasosha omzimba ethize ngokumelene HBsAg antigen. Ngokusho zokwelapha, lokugoma nalezi ejenti inikeza ngesivikelo esiphumelelayo ekuvimbeleni isifo e 95-100% izinsana, izingane kanye nabantu abadala engozini. 95% of izinsana nomama, ngubani ububonile antigen evikelwe ngokuphelele ngokumelene hepatitis B ukutheleleka emva yokugoma isikimu 0, 1, 2, izinyanga ezingu-12. noma 0, 1, 6 izinyanga. Ngo abantu enempilo kuze kube iminyaka engu-15 ukusebenza, ukugoma ngokuvumelana isikimu 0, 1, 6 izinyanga., Kukhona zokuzivikela omzimba ezingeni ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisikhombisa kusukela yokugoma kuqala. Nokho, kukhona izidakamizwa ukuthi basuke akukaqondwa ngokugcwele. Ngokwesibonelo, lesi sidakamizwa "Euvaks" namuhla uvinjelwe ukuze isetshenziswe Russian Federation, njengoba sabulala izingane eziningi eVietnam.

Izimo futhi side effects

Umgomo ngokumelene hepatitis B iyona contraindication kuphela ngesimo lombhaki imvubelo ukungabekezelelani, njengoba umgomo ingaqukatha iminonjana nabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungase kube impendulo ongaphakeme abazazi wokugoma. Khona-ke wokugoma ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kufanele libe selihlehliselwa isisindo sengane okwandisa up 2 kg.

Ngezinye izikhathi ngemva lokugoma imfiva kwenzeka usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, ephelezelwa ukucobeka jikelele. Kakhulu akuvamile waphawula ziyabagulisa uhlobo urticaria.

Kubalulekile ukuthi nokukhulelwa kanye lactation akuzona Izimo eliphelele ngokugoma. Kulokhu, hhayi Kunconywa lokugoma bukhoma amagciwane, zibancishe virulence. Futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa saphathwa yokugoma ekulweni nezifo ezithathelwanayo ezilandelayo: isimungumungwana ne-rubella, upokisi, ingxibongo, isifo sofuba.