Izinga Okuzisholo kanye real senzalo - umehluko phakathi kwalokhu?

Kaningi ungabona, Uma unganakile, izipesheli ezikhangayo ethembisa ukuqinisekisa ukuzimela ngokwezimali. Lokhu kungaba zifakwe ebhange, futhi amathuba amaphothifoliyo utshalomali. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zonke njengoba inzuzo njengoba nokukhangisa uthi? Yilokhu sizobe ukukhuluma ngo kohlaka isihloko ukuthola ukuthi yini izinga okuzisholo futhi izinga langempela.

lenzalo

Kodwa okokuqala, ake sixoxe kakhulu isisekelo kuleli cala - inani lenzalo. Libonisa inzuzo okuzisholo, okuyinto ungathola umuntu othile by imali e okuthile. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kukhona eziningi amathuba ukulahlekelwa imali yabo, noma izinga lenzalo, okuyinto ukuthola umuntu:

• Nebula kuyinto yisivumelwano esibhaliwe;
• izimo Esingalindelekile (Inkinga yebhizinisi noma yasebhange isikhungo, ukuze uyashabalala).

Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ngempela ukukufunda ngokuningiliziwe enkulu, lokho obhekene ukutshala. Khumbula ukuthi inani lenzalo ngokuvamile kuveza lo riskiness yephrojekthi ngaphansi cwaningo. Ngakho, ephephile yilezo ukunikeza isilinganiso sokubuyisela afika ku 20%. Ngo ephezulu iqembu kuhlanganisa izimpahla ethembisa kufika ku-70% ngonyaka. Futhi konke lokho futhi abaningi balaba izinkomba - indawo eyingozi, okuyinto akufanele ukubeka ngaphandle isipiliyoni. Manje, uma kukhona isisekelo theory, sikwazi ukukhuluma yini izinga okuzisholo futhi izinga langempela.

Umqondo izinga okuzisholo

Ukuthola izinga ngokulinganisa of isithakazelo silula - Kuyaqondakala njengoba value ukuthi kunikezwa amafa emakethe, ahlaziye ngaphandle ikhumbula kwamandla emali. Njengoba isibonelo, nawe mfundi, futhi ibhange enikeza idiphozi ngaphansi 20% ngonyaka. Ngokwesibonelo, une ayizinkulungwane 100 futhi ufuna ukwandisa ke. Ngakho-ke, sibeka ku yasebhange unyaka owodwa. Futhi emva kokuphela wathatha ama-ruble ayizigidi 120. Umholo wakho net kufana nokuthi 20,000.

Kodwa ingabe zonke zaziyiqiniso? Phela, phakathi nalesi sikhathi bakwazi ukwandisa kakhulu ukudla intengo, okokwembatha, izinto zokuhamba - hhayi, bathi, 20, no-30 noma angu-50. Okufanele ukwenze Kulezo zimo, ukuze uthole isithombe wangempela izindaba? Yini namanje athandeka izinqumo? Yini okufanele wakhethwa njengosuku lokuma bona: izinga okuzisholo futhi izinga langempela noma okuthize omunye wabo?

izinga langempela

Lapha ku Ezimweni ezinjalo futhi kukhona isibalo ezifana izinga wangempela ukubuya. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kungaba lula impela thola. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha kude izinga ngokulinganisa of kulindeleke izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali rate. Eqhubeka ngesibonelo sangaphambili, singasho lokhu: oyifaka ibhange ayizinkulungwane 100 ku-20% ngonyaka. Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali zaba% 10 kuphela. Ngenxa yalokho, inetha nomholo okuzisholo kuyinto ruble ayizigidi 10. Futhi uma value abo olungisiwe, lo 9000 ukuthengwa kungenzeka ngonyaka odlule.

Lolu khetho ikuvumela ukuba uthole okungenani kancane, kodwa inzuzo. Manje ungakwazi ukubhekana nomunye isimo lapho emali kwase kudlulile kakade 50 per cent. Asikho isidingo kufanele ukuba ungungqondongqondo wezibalo ukuqonda ukuthi isimo ophoqelelwe ukubheka ezinye indlela kulondolozwa nokukhuphula imali yabo. Kodwa konke lokhu ngesikhathi in isitayela incazelo elula. Umnotho ukubala konke lokhu isetshenziswa okuthiwa Fisher equation. Ake sixoxe ngakho.

Fisher kwesibalo nencazelo yalo

Khuluma mayelana umehluko ukuthi babe nesilinganiso okuzisholo futhi izinga langempela kungenzeka kuphela ezimweni emali noma deflation. Ake sibheke ukuthi kungani. Ngokokuqala ngqá umbono ngobuhlobo amazinga okuzisholo futhi real emali Economist eziphambili Irving Fisher. Ngo ifomula, kubukeka sengathi lokhu:

MS = NA + Oti

NA - a Isilinganiso senzalo esincane ukubuya;

Oti - elilindelekile emali;

RS - izinga langempela.

kwesibalo Mathematical isetshenziswa yokusungula Fisher umphumela. Kuzwakala sengathi uma lokhu: i-Isilinganiso senzalo esincane sishintsha njalo ngesikhathi ukubaluleka lapho real uhlala ingashintshiwe.

Kungase kubonakale kunzima, kodwa manje sihlaziye ngokuningiliziwe. Iqiniso liwukuthi lapho kulindeleke izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali rate 1%, bese ihlelo likhula futhi kweyoku-1%. Ngakho-ke, ukudala izinqumo izinga utshalomali ngaphandle kucatshangelwa umehluko phakathi amazinga akunakwenzeka. Ngaphambili, kuphela ukufunda mayelana mqondo, futhi manje abe nobufakazi zezibalo ukuthi konke ezixoxwa ngenhla, akusiyo yafika elula, kodwa-ke ngeshwa, iqiniso elibuhlungu.

isiphetho

Futhi yini esingayifunda uthi ekuphetheni? unikezwa Njalo choice kumele kube indlela qualitative ukuze ukhetha iphrojekthi utshalomali bona. Akunandaba ukuthi kuyini: ebhange, iqhaza mutual funds noma enye into. Futhi zokunikeza izimali esizayo noma kungenzeka ukulahlekelwa, hlala usebenzisa amathuluzi kwezomnotho. Ngakho, i-Isilinganiso senzalo esincane kungaba athembisa ukukunika inzalo kuhle manje, kodwa ukuhlolwa yonke nemingcele izotholwa, ukuthi kukhona okushaya kamnandi kangaka. Futhi amathuluzi kwezomnotho ukusiza ukubala ukwamukelwa yanoma yisiphi isinqumo kuyoba inzuzo kakhulu.