Izidakamizwa Antithyroid: ngezigaba, isihloko

izinkinga ze-thyroid uthwebule esibalulekile labantu yonke le mbulunga. Kunezizathu eziningi, kodwa abanezifo ezikhonjwe kubangelwa ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone i-ndlala yegilo, ukusiza ukulwa okubizwa ngokuthi izidakamizwa anti-yegilo. Hlobo luni izimali kuka asiza umzimba lapho isicelo?

Izinkinga ze-thyroid

Indlala yegilo indlala - igama ajwayelekile kubo bonke, futhi abaningi ngisho ukwazi lapho likhona - ezingxenyeni eziphansi amalaka. Kodwa nansi iyini indima yalo emzimbeni womuntu? Ukulawulwa kwendlala yegilo indlala iyingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi endocrine uhlelo owenza zonke izinqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni. Ukulawulwa kwendlala yegilo indlala, ngokukhethekile, amahomoni emibili ebalulekile - thyroxine futhi triiodothyronine ehilelekile izinqubo umzimba e izinqubo wokukhula nokuthuthuka kwezicubu eziyishumi nemitshingo. Futhi amaseli yegilo ukukhiqiza tireokatseltonin - hormone obhekene calcium ne phosphorus umzimba, futhi yingakho ngoba isimo amathambo, amazinyo abantu.

Ukusingathwa Umsebenzi

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi uma yegilo ndlala ikhiqize ama-hormone ezibalulekile ngakho, lokho kuyoba ngaphezulu asebenzayo ukuze ngcono, zonke izinqubo kuyoba ngokushesha futhi uqina. Kodwa empeleni akunjalo. Nature has ukulingana konke okukuwo, futhi ohlelweni endocrine wabantu ngokukhethekile. Nokho, Uma Indlala yegilo iyisitho kakhulu asebenzayo, it has nethonya elibi isimo somzimba, ukuntuleka ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone egilo futhi zigcwele izinselele eziningi. Umsebenzi we yegilo ukubangela i-hyperthyroidism noma thyrotoxicosis.

Yini antithyroid?

Uma Indlala yegilo iyisitho kakhulu asebenzayo, kuyasiza ukulwisana antithyroid. Kusukela amagama le mithi kucacile ukuthi asebenza ngokumelene - ngokumelene indlala yegilo. ejenti okunjalo futhi zaziwa ngokuthi thyreostatics. amalungiselelo Medical bohlanga anti-yegilo ejenti, kuyasiza kulesetayelekile umsebenzi indlala yegilo, ukunciphisa umsebenzi wayo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela unciphise ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone egilo.

Ukwahlukanisa ejenti antithyroid

Izidakamizwa zemithi ukusiza ukubhekana nomsebenzi ngokweqile indlala yegilo, ziye zabizwa ngokuthi "anti-yegilo izidakamizwa." ngezigaba zabo yokutholwa emhlabeni wonke futhi uqukethe isigcawu ezintathu ejenti, izinceku abamelene kwama-hormone egilo:

• amalungiselelo ukugqugquzela ukuphazamiseka ukukhiqizwa kwe-iodine esebenzayo kule ndlala indlala uqobo;
• izidakamizwa ukuthi ukunciphisa ekuthatheni amaseli iodine yegilo EPITHELIAL;
• izidakamizwa ezibhubhisa iodine indlala yegilo.

Yonke imithi ezahlukene isakhiwo sazo sekhemikhali, kwakuvela kuye, futhi kuncike ngendlela izidakamizwa.

Iodine njengoba imithi

Ama-hormone egilo abizwa kwemiqondo amangqamuzana yegilo EPITHELIAL, okuyinto bamba iodine. Uma ungeza emzimbeni womuntu ikhemikhali kwenzeka ukuncipha biosynthesis kwama-hormone egilo. Futhi, kukhona ikhono i ndlala sokwephulwa kwe okumunca iodine, okuyinto usegazini. Ikhemisi inikeza izinhlobo ezimbili izidakamizwa iodine abathintekayo ekunciphiseni umsebenzi indlala yegilo:

• iodine wezinto ezingaphili - ezemvelo chemical isici;
• iodine organic njengoba diiodotyrosine kwemiqondo - ingxenye thyroglobulin - amaprotheni ezithile indlala yegilo.

Ukulungiswa umsuka organic has impahla antitireoidnym, okuyinto ngenkuthalo isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko esikhathini preoperative kweziguli goiter ehlasela umzimba wonke, kanye nokuvinjelwa izinkinga esikhathini postoperative. amalungiselelo amaningi anjalo aqukethe esebenzayo kwakwakhe levothyroxine sodium. iodine Inorganic babelwe hhayi kuphela ekwelapheni yegilo overactivity, kodwa futhi njengoba prophylactic. Naphezu ukuphepha obonakalayo, nokuphila ntitireoidnye amalungiselelo iodine, Nokho, kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye imithi okufanele zithathwe kuphela kadokotela kadokotela.

Thiourea nemikhiqizo yalo futhi i-hyperthyroidism

Izidakamizwa ezisiza ekunciphiseni umkhiqizo ngokweqile indlala yegilo, okubizwa ngokuthi izidakamizwa antithyroid zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili - eziwuketshezi lwemvelo zemvelo, ezifana ne-iodine, namanxusa zokwenziwa etholwe zamagama zamakhemikhali. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama thiourea nemikhiqizo yalo - propylthiouracil, 1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole, 2-karboetoksimerkapto-methylimidazol-1, 6-methylthiouracil. на основе производных тиомочевины позволяет снизить обмен йода в щитовидке путем снижения обменных процессов йода в самой щитовидной железе. Zokwenziwa izidakamizwa antithyroid esekelwe thiourea nemikhiqizo kunganciphisa exchange iodine indlala yegilo ngokunciphisa izinqubo umzimba iodine kule ndlala indlala ngokwawo.

Yini imithi ukusiza nge hyperactivity we indlala yegilo?

антитиреоидные препараты. Izisetshenziswa ezilethwayo ka thiourea iodine bayingxenye izidakamizwa ethandwa sisetshenziswe njengesigungu sokufaka izidakamizwa antithyroid. Kuyini zokwenziwa izidakamizwa has impahla antitireoidnym? Amagama la mathuluzi ezahlukene, kodwa ezisebenzayo eziyinhloko:

• methimazole;
• propylthiouracil.

Tiamazol iodine kunciphisa izinqubo umzimba kule ndlala, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe umsebenzi wayo. Yilesi isisekelo izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali ezifana "Merkazolil" "tyrosol" "Tiamzol" "Metizol".

Propylthiouracil kuvimbela ukuguqulwa iodine indlala yegilo, senze salo sengqondo sokungafuni eqenjini ngokuthi izidakamizwa antithyroid. на основе пропилтиоурацила чаще всего назначаются к применению в странах Западной Европы. Ngesisekelo propylthiouracil kwezidakamizwa ezivame engabelwe kona ukusetshenziswa esemancane eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Ezweni lethu, ngo inethiwekhi ekhemisi ithengiswe umuthi owodwa ngesisekelo propylthiouracil - "propitsil".

Njengoba imithi ukwelapha i-hyperthyroidism gipertireioza nilidle eziningi side-effects e-zenhliziyo, isimiso sezinzwa futhi kwesibindi, kanye idatha ehlobene ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa izindlela abelwa.

Esikhathini ekwelapheni izifo ezithile indlala yegilo isebenzisa i-iodine radioactive, lapho umzimba wesiguli ethunjwa amaseli yegilo nomphumela elimazayo kuso, ukunciphisa umsebenzi bese ukhulisa ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone. Lokhu ukulungiselela inikeza omuhle ephezulu kuphela emva ukususwa okuphelele kwale ndlala - yegilo ngoba izinhlayiya enemisebe ekugcineni abhubhise amaseli asele isitho. Nokho, iziguli eziningi nge overactive yegilo indlala iodine enemisebe aqokwa ejenti ukuze ukuzinza isimo.

Kuphela ngenhloso eyakhelwe lona!

Lesi sifo kuphela eziyinkimbinkimbi izindlela zokuxilonga kunqunywa indlala yegilo - ukuhlolwa, ultrasound, i-MRI noma-CT scan. Xilonga abanale nkinga kuphela emlandweni wezokwelapha kanye nesineke ngala mazwi akukwazi! Kodwa uma inkinga isibonakele, udokotela abanekhono ungakwazi libeke izidakamizwa kwesokudla, ikhumbula zonke izinto eziqondile. Zonke amalungiselelo ekwelapheni i-hyperthyroidism futhi thyrotoxicosis kubangelwa anda umkhiqizo yegilo, babe eminingi emibi futhi izici isicelo. Ngokwesibonelo, nomphumela ophambene kungenzeka lapho izidakamizwa, nokusiza ukunciphisa digestibility iodine yegilo kwezicubu, ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile kuba umsebenzi kulethe ukukhiqiza inani olahlekile hormone. Izinzuzo isifo. Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa hyperthyroidism futhi thyrotoxicosis njalo bunohlamvu ngabanye. Lapho onikhiphele ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe, akunakusetshenziswa ukuzisebenzela medicate. ukwelashwa abakhethiwe kahle kuphela uyoqeda ukuhlinzwa kanye nokusetshenziswa yokuphila konke ejenti ekhethekile hormone.

izidakamizwa Antithyroid akuzona ohloniphekile amafasitela ziphephile ekhemisi, kodwa - umenzeli ezinkulu ekulondolozweni impilo ngisho nokuphila iziguli eziningi nge overactive yegilo indlala.