Izakhiwo kanye amakhemikhali izinsimbi

Hlukanisa izakhiwo zobuchwepheshe, ngokomzimba, mechanical futhi amakhemikhali of izinsimbi. Isibaluli ngokomzimba gravity ethize, umbala, conductivity kagesi. Izimfanelo leli qembu futhi conductivity ezishisayo, ukuziphatha encibilika futhi kwabantu metal.

Ngu izici mechanical zihlanganisa eguquguqukayo, kuyaqina, ubulukhuni, amandla, ubunzima.

izakhiwo Chemical ngezinto zihlanganisa ukugqwala ukumelana, solubility kanye namachibi.

Izici ezifana "castability", hardenability, weldability, ductility, kukhona zobuchwepheshe.

izakhiwo

1. Umbala. Izinsimbi ungadluli ukukhanya ngokusebenzisa ke, ukuthi akuyona esobala. Ekukhanyeni kubonakala, element ngayinye has umthunzi ayo - umbala. Phakathi lobuchwepheshe Umbala metal usalelwe yethusi Alloys nalo. Ngoba ezinye izici isici iyona luhlaza sesiliva-white grey-steel.
2. Fusibility. Lokhu kwebalingisi kubonisa ikhono element ngaphansi ukushisa babe uketshezi okuqinile. Fusibility kubhekwa izakhiwo ebaluleke kakhulu okusansimbi. Phakathi Ukushisa, zonke izinsimbi kusuka okuqinile endaweni enamanzi. Lapho lwaluyophola, ketshezi ezibunjiwe, ushintsho reverse - eziwuketshezi esimweni okuqinile.
3. conductivity kagesi. Lesi sici kubonisa ikhono ukudlulisa electron mahhala ugesi. I conductivity kagesi yomzimba metal kuyinto ngokuphindwe izikhathi eziyinkulungwane ezingaphezu kuka-non-metallic. Nge ukwanda lokushisa ingxenye kagesi conductivity iyancipha, futhi njengoba izinga lokushisa lehla, ngokulandelana kwandisa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi conductivity we Alloys uyohlale ngaphansana zensimbi akha ingxubevange.
4. izakhiwo Magnetic. Ukuze ngokucacile kazibuthe (ferromagnetic) izakhi zihlanganisa kuphela ayibe, nickel, yensimbi kanye nenombolo ye Alloys yalo. Nokho, ngesikhathi Ukushisa lokushisa ecacisiwe wathi izinto ulahlekelwe uzibuthe yabo. Kukhethwe yensimbi Alloys ekamelweni lokushisa is hhayi kukhona ferromagnetic.
5. conductivity ezishisayo. Lokhu kwebalingisi kubonisa amandla ukushisa soshintsho kusuka umzimba kancane ukufuthelana ukufuthelana ngaphandle ukufuduka sobala izinhlayiya zayo abamelwe. Izinga eliphezulu conductivity ezishisayo ivumela ukushisa nensimbi cool ngokulinganayo futhi ngokushesha. Phakathi kwezakhi lobuchwepheshe inenani eliphakeme wethusi.

Izinsimbi kwamakhemikhali ibekwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile. Ukuba khona izici okuhambisanayo ivumela ukusebenzisa into endaweni ethile.

izakhiwo Chemical of izinsimbi

1. Corrosion. Corrosion ngokuthi ukubhujiswa indaba ubuhlobo electrochemical noma ikhemikhali imvelo. Isibonelo ezivamile kubhekwa yensimbi rusting. Ukumelana Corrosion phakathi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu engokwemvelo eziningi izinto ezimbiwa phansi. Kule ndaba, izinto ezifana isiliva, igolide, i-platinum, abizwa ngokuthi muhle. It has okusezingeni eliphezulu ukugqwala ukumelana nickel nezinye nonferrous izinsimbi. Idoyelo izinsimbi angaphansi ukubhujiswa ngokushesha futhi kunamandla umbala.
2. Oxidizability. Lesi sici kubonisa ikhono into sika ukuxubana O2 ngaphansi kwethonya oxidizing ejenti.
3. Solubility. Izinsimbi kokuba solubility ketshezi angenamkhawulo lapho lukhuni ungakheka izixazululo okuqinile. Kulezi izixazululo athomu elilodwa ingxenye linamathele ngehele crystal of ezinye kumalungu kuphela ngaphakathi kwemingcele ethile.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izakhiwo ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali metal ezinye izici eziyinhloko salezi zici.