Iyini inqubomgomo appeasement?

Igama elithi "inqubomgomo" inezincazelo eziningi. It yethulwa ngu-Aristotle. Kwaba indatshana yakhe kwegama elifanayo, anikezelwe umndeni, okokuqala izwi waqamba. Lo msebenzi yabeka isisekelo ukuvela nokuthuthukiswa othile wezifundo zezombusazwe, ifilosofi, zezombusazwe komkhakha wezesayensi.

Namuhla encyclopedic Dictionary ubachazela elithi "ezombusazwe" njengoba umsebenzi ngqo exhumene ne ubudlelwano phakathi kwamaqembu omphakathi. Inhloso yalo mgomo, ngokuvumelana isichazamazwi, kuyindlela search, incazelo okuqukethwe ukusebenza isimo.

Inqubomgomo ubizwa nangokuthi umsebenzi neziphathimandla, amaqembu omphakathi. Ngo Ozhegov gama ngalezi zindlela kuwukubonakaliswa imphilo yesive.

Efrayimi definition uyakucabangela zonke lezi zimiso, kodwa enezele kuyo siqu lakhe, wanezela. Lithi inqubomgomo - ke uchungechunge yezenzo enqophe imigomo.

Omunye Isibonelo salokhu kwamuva kungaba ngokuthi into ukuthi ine igama "appeasement." Ngakho sikubiza uhlobo oluthize Inqubomgomo lempi yezwe (state). essence yayo itholakala State ezivuna umqali, eziningi ukuyekethisa, okuyinto izwe ukugcina isitha kusukela zokweqa imithetho yokuthula noma ukusetshenziswa izinyathelo kakhulu.

Umlando ubonisa ukuthi appeasement neze nomthelela imiphumela elinokuthula. Noma yimuphi umqali, ukuqaphela ukuthi ziphansi, ngenxa kwathatha isinyathelo esiwujuqu ngaphezulu. Ekugcineni, appeasement akugcini ngokuletha umuzwa Ngokuwa State ethintekile, kodwa futhi ukuze aphazamise uhlelo jikelele sokulondeka kwezizwe zonke.

Isibonelo esimangalisayo somgomo wokusetshenziswa kwezilimi eziningi, umthelela walo omubi iyona Isivumelwano Munich ngo-1938.

Eminyakeni engu-30, eFrance-United Kingdom benza inkambo appeasement ngase eJalimane. Emzamweni ukuxazulula zonke izinkinga ngokusebenzisa ebucayini, enqabe ukusebenzisa amandla, womabili la mazwe baye bathatha isinyathelo Hitler ngokuzama ayisuse imiphumela okungekuhle i-Germany we Versailles Treaty. Amathrendi ukuze kabusha oda emhlabeni azizange kudalulwe ngesikhathi nesenzakalo yabo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, lapho izinhlelo wodweshu yacaca, osopolitiki babeqiniseka ukuthi akekho eU.SSR futhi eBrithani futhi France ngeke ikwazi ukwenza cost- izingalo uhlanga. Ngakho-ke, kwanqunywa ukuthi okwamanje inqubomgomo appeasement ayinakho okunye.

Kususelwa kule umbono, United Kingdom wasayina isivumelwano sokuqala nge eJalimane ukuthi siphakamise yonke imikhawulo zakamuva emkhakheni wokwakha asolwandle (1935), futhi kamuva akazange ezivimba amabutho aseJalimane angena okungavunyelwe ukulwa kuyo (ngokuhambisana iSivumelwano SaseVersailles) endaweni.

Appeasement sasekelwa Chamberlain, awaphendulanga le Anschluss Austria (1938). Umphumela wale ezivuna kwaba basayine Isivumelwano Munich, ngokuyisisekelo owawungumnyaka ekudalweni langempela ngokuphelele umbuso wamaNazi.

ukuxegisa okunjalo ne umqali uyaqiniseka uHitler ukuba simelane e ukungakwazi ephelele iBrithani neFrance, baye bahola yokuthi ukuthi wephule imigomo yemvume Munich, ehlasela Romania nasePoland (1939). Appeasement akazange buthaka sokudumisa. Kunalokho, ke kwaphoqa wodweshu kuya isinyathelo esiwujuqu kakhulu.

Namuhla appeasement angaba khona ngeendlela ezihlukeneko, futhi ukuyekethisa kungase kungabi kuphela zezombusazwe, kodwa kwezomnotho. Kubalulekile ukubona ukuthi kunini lapho kungashiwo wodweshu, siqiniseka ndaba zalutho zabo, uzoqala ukusebenzisa amandla, amathuba abo lobuchwepheshe noma wezempi. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvuma ukuba ahlehle, umuntu udinga ukuqinisekisa ngokucophelela ukuthi engaba mironarushitel asamukelanga amasu, ezombangazwe noma ezinye izinzuzo.