Ithumela izandla zakho siqu. Wiring efulethini: izinto, izintambo idayagramu

Uma wiring yakho idinga ukushintshwa isikhathi eside, lo mcimbi bese kumele ubanjwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Kuyinto efiselekayo uqondane lesi sifundo kuya kulungiswe izakhiwo. Singasho ukuthi amahanisi ngezandla zakhe ushintsho akulula kangako. Ngokuvamile, leli bhizinisi kufanele athathwe kuphela uma ingekho imali eyanele usizo lochwepheshe. asesilinganisweni WaseRussia ngokuba ikota 1st. imitha ilungiselelo wiring endlini kuyinto ruble 800 nangaphezulu.

"Golden" umthetho

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale udinga ukufunda imithetho eyisisekelo ukufakwa umsebenzi. Ayikho into elukhuni lapha, kodwa kumele ngokuqinile waphawula futhi ezisebenzayo. Enye yalezi izimfuno - esikhundleni aluminium wire ngethusi. Okwesibili - ngokushintsha isikimu amandla. Lapha it is kwakusho ukususwa earthed kokungathathi hlangothi ku yokuvikela isisekelo. Futhi okokugcina - zisebenzisa Wiring amagatsha ahlukene esikhundleni wiring ekhelini.

Njengoba for aluminium, bekulokhu ethandwa kakhulu esikhathini-yalolucwaningo 1930-1970 ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Okokuqala, sasibhekwa i material imvelo, futhi okwesibili - ezishibhile kunalokho futhi lula emphakathini. Kodwa kungakabiphi kwaba sobala ukuthi ukuze uzwe akukuhle ukusebenzisa. Lokhu kungenxa lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Iminyaka engu-20, ukusetshenziswa aluminium wiring, kuba zintekenteke kakhulu ngenxa yezinqubo zamakhemikhali. Ngenxa yalokho, wiring akuyona kuphela okungaphephile, kodwa futhi ngezinga elithile yingozi.
• Lapho aluminium uthola ezimanzi, inqubo ukugqwala kukagesi iqala. Lokhu kuholela ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe izintambo futhi eziphuthumayo.
• Aluminium oxhumana zibhekwa njengemikhiqizo omunye alithembekile kakhulu. Okokuqala, okokusebenza nzima kakhulu solder, kanti okwesibili - kuyalimaza.

Okuthile

Ngokuqondene wesifunda amandla supply lisetshenziswa kwamaSoviet, TN-C akuyona enhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho ezinsukwini kudala ayengasetshenziselwa ngoba kwakukuhle, kodwa ngoba kungakusiza ukuba Electrify labantu laliphakathi bakamalalahlengezela ngaphandle kokusebenzisa elide imigqa nezinsimbi ezibizayo. Ungakwazi ukuxoxa ukuthi manje eRussia kukhona inani elikhulu eliphezulu liphumele izakhiwo ukuze wiring idayagramu TN-C, Ngamafuphi nje ungrounded. Ukusebenzisa umdwebo lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka TN-CS labantu, ukuphepha komsebenzisi bungatholakala kungakhathaliseki isimo wiring. Ngokuvamile leli phuzu lehliselwa iziphathimandla zendawo, ngakho ukubophela izandla zabo bese usetha.

Kepha razvetlitelnoy scheme, liphinde nesilinganiso esifanele. Ingqikithi yalo lonke uhlelo kwaba iqiniso lokuthi mkhulu (central) wire ixhunyiwe efulethini. Lokhu bifurcation yafakwa amabhokisi wokusabalalisa. Inani elikhulu esonta, ezikhumulweni nezinye izindlela kunenze nisondelane kwaholela yokuthi lezi amasayithi kusengozini ngenxa amathuba umswakama kanye ukwahlukanisa. Ngakho-ke, wiring elenziwe ngezandla zabo namuhla kancane ehlukile. Kusukela iqembu ngamunye Okokufaka ikhebula eyodwa isiqeshana, ngaphandle ukwahlukanisa terminals.

Wiring efulethini ngezandla zakhe: umsebenzi izinyathelo

Ukuchitha isikhathi kwi ukufakwa umsebenzi, kanye nezindleko zezimali kungenziwa kakhulu ziyancipha. Kodwa lokhu kuyadingeka ukuba banamathele ubuchwepheshe bese ulandela imiyalelo. Zonke umsebenzi kungenziwa ihlukaniswe izigaba ezinhlanu:

• wesifunda ukuthuthukiswa;
• umdwebo lapho kwenziwa uhlelo lokusetshenziswa futhi ukwamukelwa yayo, njengoba kuvunywe nowesifunda wiring;
• kudivayisi ukulungisa esikhashana;
• ukufakwa kwemisebenzi;
• ukufakwa izindlela: ukushintsha, enethiwekhi, njll

Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi ukufakwa Kunconywa ukwenza isisekelo futhi angaphinde. Wiring le izintambo zikagesi efulethini wenziwa esigabeni yokugcina kanye yinkimbinkimbi ethile akuyona. Kodwa noma kunjalo, singakhuluma mayelana Ukonga okukhulu. Uma wiring efulethini ngezandla zakhe eziyokhishwa ngokugcwele, kufanele uthenge kuphela izinto, futhi lena ukonga 65%. Uma noma iyiphi ingxenye lo msebenzi uyokwenziwa esiphathiswe ochwepheshe, ungalindela yokonga 20-50%.

amandla Ukushayela

Isibalo esigabeni kwenzelwe nje ngesizathu sokuthola ulwazi. Noma kunjalo, isikimu enjalo Kuphoqelekile, futhi kunzima ukwenza ngaphandle kwalo. Ngokuqondene nemigomo, into yokuqala udinga ukuqonda ke kubo: KWA - esiphikisayo kanye RCD - asalile kudivayisi zamanje. Lesi sibalo futhi libonisa ukuthi owodwa umugqa wiring idayagramu esetshenziswa. Ipheya etshekile odwi emgqeni uthi esikhundleni ikhebula eyodwa, kukhona ezimbili: esigabeni futhi singathathi hlangothi. Basuke wabeka ndawonye. Uma usebenzisa i-wire ezintathu okhombisa, kolayini emithathu esizoxoxa.

Noma yimuphi wiring isikimu ezinjalo kungenziwa ehambisana nezidingo zakho. Ngokwesibonelo, unquma ukuthi ukusabalalisa izintambo phezu amaphuzu. Kunoma ikuphi, kunengqondo ukudweba iphathini yakho, ngisho ngesisekelo lokugcina. Uma konke okunye yehluleka, umsebenzi kungenziwa kwesokunxele ochwepheshe. Usuke ezodinga idatha yoqobo, ngakho bomsebenzi mkhulu ngokwanele. Noma kunjalo Wiring izandla siqu akuyona eyenziwa ngaphandle schema zangaphambi ihlanganiswe.

Indlela cabanga ugesi?

Izintambo zikagesi ezisobala Proper Njalo nje isuke isekelwe ngamandla ekhethiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, e-nemizana cottage ekhishwe umkhawulo ka 10-20 kW, kodwa amafulethi akuzona leso simangaliso ukubona. Uma indlu Usemdala, futhi wiring kusenobubi yamaSoviet, amandla esiphezulu eyokuma wire - 1.3 2.5 kW. Uma kungekho off othomathikhi, imishini eminingi kakhulu sikagesi kuzoholela yokuthi wiring uyozishisa. Uma kukhona umshini efakwe emnyango, izohlala ungqongqoze. Kodwa kuphephile ukusho ukuthi 2 kW umthengi yesimanje - mncane kakhulu, ngakho ngesisekelo sokubalwa kuyadingeka ukubeka umkhawulo okungenani 4.3 kW amandla. Kulokhu, wiring kusafanele ubamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona into randomness imisebenzi. Siqukethe e yokuthi zonke izinto zasekhaya ngesikhathi esifanayo eyodwa akubandakanyi, okungukuthi, uma uqale ukugeza, akusho ukuthi ngeke agijime vacuum cleaner, iketela, air conditioning, njll

idatha yezobuchwepheshe ukuze uthole amafulethi ka 40-100 metres square kanje:

• Main wesifunda A at 25-32 (kuye ngokuthi ngosayizi). Kulesi overcurrent ukuphepha isici kufanele okungenani 1.3 A hhayi kuka 1.5 A.
• amadivaysi asalayo wamanje (RCDs) - 50A.
• Kufanele ungene ekhishini amagatsha amabili 4 mm ² kwesigaba ngesibhamu 25 A no 50 A RCD for igatsha ngalinye.
• Conditioning (uma ikhona) - isigaba wire 2.5 mm ^2, umshini - 16a, 20a phezu RCD.
• legatsha futhi izibani izifunda Outlet ezidinga ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo 2.5 mm ^2. Kulokhu, ungenza ngaphandle umshini. Ngomqondo onabile, ngokwazi zonke lezi idatha kungaba kwenziwe wiring uxhumano.

ukulungiswa uhlelo

Wiring endlini ngezandla zakhe iqala ukulungiswa uhlelo. Konke kuqala lokuthi counter ekamelweni elilodwa kukhona amagatsha amabili. Omunye wabo - Wiring nezinyawo, kanti eyesibili - ukukhanya. AC okokufaka yokugezela - ke icala eziyinkimbinkimbi okudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kodwa isinyathelo sokuqala ukuba uthole ukuthi iyini nesibani version ephephile (amanzi).

Ngo uhlelo yawo emisiwe yilabo kuphela amagatsha okuyinto iya ku ukufaka fixed, ezifana enethiwekhi, ukushintshwa, kagesi uhlobo umile, njll By the way, izakhiwo fixed kuzomele sifake naleyo isandla esinqunyiwe noma owabangelwa uxhumano unomphela. Ngokukhethekile kufanele inikwe izakhi ezengeziwe, okuyinto manje kakhulu uthanda ukwenza uhlelo. Lapha sikhuluma ophahleni izibani LED, esithwele ahlukahlukene kanye nezintambo zokunweba ukuze emphemeni. Konke lokhu kube inkimbinkimbi kakhulu isikimu bese clutters, futhi ukuhlolwa akamukeli isingeniso ezinjalo. Khumbula oyisisekelo - wiring endlini ngezandla zakhe akuhloselwe ubambe amagatsha kuvulanda Loggia, njll Lena ephule le Sae.

Wiring amahanisi ngokusebenzisa amakamelo

Ngakho, manje sekuyisikhathi ukuphakela liner egumbini ngalinye. Ubunzima esikhulu kunazo zonke endlini lencane. Kulula ukuqagela ukuthi lena igumbi umswakama high, ngakho izindlela zokuphepha lapho kufanele ngokuqinile waphawula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma phansi uzobe yanqamula ngamanzi, umuntu isitimu ukumelana layo liba ezincane. Electric ukushaqeka kulokhu angaholela ekufeni, ngisho RCD ngeke kusize lapha.

Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, umsebenzi kuyoba eziningi. Kufanele uqale neqiniso lokuthi eshintsha ngokuphelele wiring of kubhayela futhi ukuwasha machine, eshaweni, njll isikhathi eside. Ngemva kwalokho, le izintambo ngokusebenzisa plinth futhi emigodini odongeni aphathwa ekhishini. Kumele kube khona strip amandla okungukuthi "unomphela" Imodi uxhuma umshini wokuwasha futhi amanzi heater. Slots esele ukufaka lutho. Lezi zinyathelo ezilula kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthi umuntu abanjwe ugesi zero, njengoba izintambo wadalula nokuxhumana kuyoba kwelinye ikamelo. Ngaphambi afeze wiring, hlola amakhebuli ezihlongozwayo. I kuqala is esetshenzisiwe evikelwe emithathu wire ikhebula.

Njengoba for yokugezela, kulula zonke. Ukukhanyisa ihlinzekwa komunye legatsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yokugezela umdlalo yangasese kungenziwa kuxhumene chungechunge, lutho olungalungile kulokho.

Ikhishi namanye amagumbi

Ekhishini uzodinga ukwaba amagatsha amabili. Omunye izosebenzisa yokugezela. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukhethe wire nge Ingxenye evundlile 4 mm ^2. imishini zokuzivikela ezisetshenziswa kuyafana egumbini lokugezela. Ezinye umehluko at amaphuzu uxhumano. Ikhishi kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ezimbili esidayisa kathathu. Kusukela kubo izosebenza zonke izinto zikagesi: Umshini wokuwasha izitsha, kuhhavini kagesi, iketela kagesi, microwave, njll Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenye izinyawo zendlu strip amandla ixhunyiwe yokugezela. Njengoba for indawo Izitolo, lapha ukhululekile ukukhetha wena. Kungcono ukuhlela kwabo kude igobolondo nezindawo lapho kungaba khona amanzi ukuvuza.

Ngo ephasishi ephasishi kukhona amagatsha amabili: eyodwa - kwayo kuleyo ndawo yokuhweba, kwesibili - kwi ukukhanyisa. Uma eziningana amaphuzu ukukhanyisa (spotlight), khona-ke yilowo nalowo kubo kumele uye ukuhola kwakhe. Kwelinye igumbi yezingane zonke efanayo, kodwa ushintsho oluphawulekayo eyodwa kuphela - esidayisa kumele abe disc zokuzivikela, okungcono lockable ngokhiye. izintambo zikagesi kwelinye ikamelo (egumbini lokuphumula, lokulala, njll) wenziwa ngendlela efanayo. Ngokuvamile, 2, 3 endlini enamakamelo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amagatsha-15.

Indlela ukucacisa uhlobo ikhebula?

Yiqiniso, kumelwe ukhethe wire esifanele wiring. ochwepheshe abaningi batusa ukuba makudle NYM. Lena ikhebula ezibizayo European, okuyilokho, eqinisweni, alilihle. Iqiniso lokuthi izidingo zawo lobuchwepheshe ukufakwa ayikuvumeli wiring ukhonkolo ezimanzi. Ngiyavuma, asikho isiqinisekiso sokuthi isakhiwo ukhonkolo izogcinwa ezomile. Ngakho-ke Kungcono makudle ikhebula yasekhaya. Okuvame kakhulu ongakhetha - VVG futhi SPAP. Eyokuqala has a ukwahlukanisa onokwethenjelwa futhi bathi bazokhokha imali enkulu. Esesibili - kukho ohlelweni lokusetshenziswa kwemali kakhulu, okuyinto, lapho afakwe kahle ngeke babe izikhalazo. Zonke ongakhetha awushadile-core. Electricians ongathi ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuthi, bathi, ukuthi akuphephile. Nokho, iphuzu lapha ukuthi ikhebuli multi-core esodongeni, futhi, akukuniki into eqinisekile, kodwa intengo izikhathi eziningana ephakeme. Uma usebenzisa SPAP ikhebula, ungahle uhlangabezane nenkinga. Lokhu kungenxa rigidity we wire. Kodwa ngesikhathi ukukhuthala ezithile ungakwenza. Uma uthumela ngezandla zakhe-ke, noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba izinselele bese ujabulele yi.

isiphetho

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngaphambi noma yimuphi umsebenzi kuyadingeka ukuze unqamule ngokuphelele efulethini. Kuze kube yimanje, waphenduka ngaphakathi onqenqemeni avuliwe noma avaliwe umshini. Kodwa ngisho Kulokhu, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ngezintambo uyeke nginomdlandla nganoma isiphi isikhathi angase abe bukhoma. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu ezilula, kufanele nigcine eziyisisekelo imithetho yokuphepha: ungathinti ikhebula wadalula izingxenye zomzimba, izingubo.

Kepha shtrobleniya, kuba kakhulu isikhathi-ukudliwa, umsebenzi yobhuqu negcwele ezinomsindo. Stroebe, ngasendleleni, kufanele kube ngokuqinile enezingqimba noma mpo. Yenza iziteshi enalokho kuthambekela akuzona ezingaphephile kuphela, kodwa futhi akusizi ngalutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlola nomakhelwane ukuvimbela ubani omunye kuzo.

Wiring - esinye salezi zifundo eyisisekelo kunazo esigabeni sokugcina umsebenzi. Inxanxathela akukho. Kala ukuthi izingcezu ikhebuli corrugation ke kusathiwa wadonsa ngaphesheya phansi. Emikhawulweni izintambo ku enethiwekhi phansi zifakwa emgodini. Konke okufakwayo kumele kuhambisane putty alabhaste Stroebe (njalo 50 cm). Ungakhohlwa ukuthi wiring evulekile egumbini lokugezela akwamukeleki. Ukugcina yonke izidingo ngenhla, ukwazi kancane noma ngokwabo ukufeza umsebenzi ukufakwa nge izintambo zikagesi. Ngakho wena nje kuphela ukulondoloza, kodwa futhi uthole okuhlangenwe nakho okulusizo.