Isitini Kuvalelwe indlu ngezitini: design, imvume, ukwakhiwa

Uma unquma ukuthi isandiso nje kubalulekile ukuze isitini isitini indlu, khona-ke okokuqala udinga ukuthi unqume ukuthi kuyoba ukuqashwa kukaNksz Veranda ezinjalo. Uma uhlela ukuyisebenzisa ukungcebeleka, kunengqondo ukwakha ithala ongaphandle noma Gazebo. Uma kudingeka, eminye vimbela endlini kungaba ukwakha Veranda ezimboziwe, okuyinto izodlala indima egumeni phakathi umnyango emnyango futhi emgwaqweni. indlela enjalo kuzovimbela ukudlula uquqaba ezibandayo nezindlu. Kulabo izivakashi ehlobo abavakashela indlu ezweni ikakhulukazi ekwindla, isandiso ngci ukulingana kahle, kanti ebusika kwenzeka sizokwazi hlala phansi phezu inkomishi yetiye.

Ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa imvume

Ngaphambi isandiso iyokwakhiwa sitini indlu ngezitini, kubalulekile ukwenza umsebenzi nokuvumela egcekeni ezifanele. Kuvulandi ezivamile unamathele ukuze uvale umnyango wangaphambili. Ngakho-ke, uma indlu usulungile, ufake isandiso ohlangothini ofuna, akunakwenzeka njalo. Uma sihlela kompheme ngaphandle esengene endlini, igumbi uyashiywa isakhiwo main, ugqoke ke kuyodingeka itiye nokudla ngaphesheya komgwaqo.

Ubukhulu of isandiso kungenziwa kukhethwe ngokuzimela, unikezwa isibalo sabantu owayenganikela ukuphumula ke ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ukuze umndeni amalungu 6 kuyoba isandiso esanele usayizi 3x4 amamitha. Kubalulekile ukuba acabangele umbono ovamile sivela esitaladini. Uma kompheme incane futhi isakhiwo siqukethe ezimbili phansi, lo Ensemble yezakhiwo akunakwenzeka ukubheka obunobunye. Nakuba indlu elincane kompheme ephelele ububanzi izindonga isakhiwo. Lokhu kuzokhulisa abasebenzi endaweni ezisebenzisekayo, futhi ngomqondo obanzi izobukeka ehloniphekile.

Ngaphambi isandiso uzobe isitini indlu ngezitini ifakiwe, kubalulekile ukuba ngokusemthethweni zivunyelwe abenakho akukho aphoyintimenti. Ukuze afeze idatha zokukhwabanisa kuyadingeka ngaphambi ukwakhiwa ngisho uqale. Uma ukuklama isandiso ukuba livele futhi ukubonakala kwawo jikelele, kubalulekile ukuvakashela umnyango ekhethekile okuyinto waziphatha ukuklama izakhiwo. Kube uzokwazi oda iphrojekthi ababekuvulande ngemva ukukhiqizwa yayo udinga ukuya umnyango leli dolobha lathumela, lapho uthola imvume yokwakha, futhi izinguquko design yendlu. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, kutuswa ukuba wenze lokhu kusengaphambili, njengoba design and ukwamukelwa kungathatha izinyanga 2. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukwenza umsebenzi ofanayo ebusika lapho isizini awukaqali ukwakhiwa.

indawo Ukumaka

Uma udinga i isitini sandiso ukuthi indlu ngezitini, bese uthola ukusebenza ezakhiweni zalo, ungakwazi ngumnikazi. Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuba ukumaka baphule ndawo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, inkosi kuzosusa inhlabathi, amuncwa 15 amasentimitha. Umhlabathi ingasetshenziswa imbali imibhede noma engadini endaweni. esakhiweni kuqondiswa, kuphela emva ungakwazi uqhubekele kwehlukaniswa kwako. Ukusebenzisa Ubukhulu ecacisiwe kuphrojekthi, kufanele ukumaka imingcele isandiso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, into esiyibonisa ngezikhathi ezithile esikhathini esizayo kudingeka ukushayela Amabha Veranda yensimbi nezikhonkwane sokhuni, wadonsa phakathi ezidabula.

obeka isisekelo

Ngaphambi wenze Ngaphezu endlini isitini, ke kuyadingeka ukudala nesisekelo kungaba flat noma columnar. Ngokuvamile base lokwakha masimu, ukujula ka okuyinto ilingana ipharamitha unikezwa, eyinqaba kuya eziyisisekelo ukwakhiwa isisekelo. Ayitusi bophezela la izakhi ndawonye zibe dwala, njengoba Veranda futhi endlini uzoba isisindo ehlukene, yingakho ngezinga ezahlukene ukuncipha. Ukuze indlu esindayo akazange ukudonsa okwesikhathi ukwakhiwa ukukhanya, umpheme kufanele afakwe ngezizathu ehlukile. Phakathi isisekelo sendlu nokwelulwa kufanele uhlinzeke igebe-4-intshi.

serekhodi

Uma uphakamisa umbuzo zendlela yokwenza i Ngaphezu endlini isitini, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele izici kwenhlabathi endaweni kanye isisindo isiyonke evulanda. Lapho ukwakhiwa phezu ugonyuluka nenhlabathi isisekelo Ungahambisa ngesikhathi ukusebenza ke isandiso izoya kude Udonga lwesakhiwo main. izisekelo Esilula kungukuthi eyenzelwe odongeni esindayo, ukuze bakwazi oluhlehlela ngaphansi kwethonya isisindo.

Ukwakhiwa strip isisekelo

Veranda, futhi unamathele endlini ke ingafakwa esisekelweni elihambayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ukhonkolo. emseleni Ekuqaleni igodi, izinhlangothi zazo akhethwa okusekelwe isisekelo sendlu. Lo mgodi ibekwe formwork, okuphakama kwawo kuzakuba ilingana ukuphakama kumila esizayo noma ngaphezulu ambalwa. Kumele kwakhiwe amabhodi, sidilize phakathi kwazo. Ukuze ukulungiswa ukhonkolo kumele kusetshenziswe izingcezu eziyisithupha yemfucumfucu, izingxenye ezintathu esihlabathini, ingxenye usimende.

Isisekelo extension isitini ligcwele izingqimba eziningana, eyokuqala luyaqina ngamatshe. Khona-ke ungakwazi ziqala ukugcwalisa ingxenye elandelayo, lapho amatshe zingezwa. Ukuze ungqimba phezulu amatshe ayidingekile ukusebenzisa, ebusweni kufanele eshelelayo nge trowel futhi ushiye izinsuku 4. Uma kushisa, bese kabili ngosuku, ebusweni isisekelo kumele bazithela ngamanzi, ngakho ngeke ukugwema ukubonakala imifantu.

Ukwakhiwa pier isisekelo

Veranda, futhi unamathele endlini ke ingafakwa base columnar. Le ndlela efanele esimweni lapho isandiso kuyodingeka usayizi encane kakhulu. Ukuze uthango ngokumelene wokuphakanyiswa isithwathwa emgodini sokumba ngezansi okokuqandisa nenhlabathi ejulile ukuthi ingaphezu 1 imitha. Ukuze izindonga brick kuzodingeka ukufaka ukwesekwa hhayi kuphela ezisemagumbini, kodwa azungezwe, kokuba izakhi pitch ngamasentimitha angu-60.

Le ndlela yokwenza umsebenzi

Ngaphambi isakhiwo ekuqaleni isitini isandiso ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuba umbe kahle, phansi ngamunye eligcwele 20-cm ungqimba isihlabathi. amanzi lakhe elachitheka tamped ngokucophelela. Okulandelayo, ingcweti ungakwazi uqhubekele ukhonkolo ethela, okumele ukufinyelela kobuso bomhlaba. Ngemva osemanzi isixazululo, kufanele ibitume fluff, kokuba wagcwalisa igebe phakathi kwaso isihlabathi phansi. I overground ingxenye block ukwesekwa ekhiqizwa ngezitini noma wokwakha, ukuze ukuphakama isici sifinyelela phansi noma isisekelo kwaba kancane. Ngaphambi phansi siphelile Veranda kufanele ahlale amasentimitha angaba ngu-30.

Ukwakhiwa izindonga brick

Brick sandiso ukuthi indlu ngezitini ngezandla zakhe kungenzeka kwenziwe. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwakha udonga, kudingeka uhlole indlela endaweni evundlile kwesisekelo. Uma umhlabathi engalingani, le ukustaka kungenziwa zikhubazekile futhi wambozwa imifantu kusukela ukuncipha. Ukuze uxhumanise inhlokodolobha nge isandiso odongeni, ke lapho kwakhiwa ugange kuyadingeka ukwenza izimbobo, poring 2/3. izimbobo Drill ziyadingeka amareyi ama-3 ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe. Zibeka kufaneleka ukuthi ngeke aphume ashone kusukela odongeni 0.5 amamitha. Kuyoba ayelele wokwakha emalungeni esizayo. Ukuze ezinkulu kulezi uchungechunge kwakungafanele ubanzi kakhulu, valve akumelwe abe ubukhulu esikhulu kakhulu.

Ngaphambi wabeka kwezitini, udonga kufanele kube ukudonsa string lapho sizokwazi ukulawula imigqa ovundlile. Verticality iyenziwa usebenzisa Intambo yomthofu wokumisa. I ukujiya odongeni kunqunywa injongo izandiso zesikhathi esizayo. Uma-ke kufanele enzeni esuka egumbini lokuphumula, le wokwakha kufanele abe ukushuba izitini elilodwa noma amabili. Uma ekamelweni uyogcwalisa umsebenzi ikamelo Umbuso noma kuvulandi, kwanele ukuba laying izitini 1/2.

Ngemva ukwakhiwa izindonga brick kuzophothulwa, badinga ukudonsa esiqongweni ibhande ukhonkolo, okuyinto shuttering, okuyinto ilokhu yokugcizelela isakhiwo, ukhonkolo kuthululwe isixazululo. Ngemva Uqinisa ukhonkolo, formwork luyasuswa, futhi idivayisi master wabe kuyenzeka ihlangane.

isandiso ukugqagqana

igalaji Kuvalelwe endlini isitini lusekelwe ubuchwepheshe obufanayo ukuthi kuchazwa kulesi sihloko. Kuphela kuleli cala, amasayizi Igumbi izonqunywa ukuthi wawungakanani imoto. Ngo esigabeni esilandelayo alungise uphahla, ogama imishayo zisetshenziswa, bona uyokwenza njengokungathi imishayo. Lezi zici ogibele engxenyeni engenhla izindonga at ibanga ngamasentimitha 70 kusuka komunye nomunye. nenkanuko edlulele yabo iqhutshwa ngamachopho ekhethekile. Uma ufaka girders ku ukwakhiwa isitini kungenziwa imbedded endaweni ukhonkolo kusengaphambili evala onqenqemeni ngayinye impahla ukufulela. Manje ungakwazi thunga imishayo onephunga ipulangwe noma amabhodi, okuzokwenza libekwe phezu heater.

Amathiphu okwakha uphahla

isandiso amaphrojekthi indlu ngezitini kungase kusinikeze isilinganiso esithile ophahleni imiklamo ezahlukene. Nokho, ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa salokhu mafutha-ongakhetha, okuyinto aqukethe semishayweni. I angle ukuthambekela zingaba phakathi 25 kuya ku-30 degrees, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kwezulu ebusika akuyona agcinwayo phezu. On the front ingxenye ophahleni noma obondeni kufanele wenze uphawu ngesimo umugqa flat ovundlile, owawuthi zizokwenziwa futhi ukulungisa Amabha asekelayo umshayo. ukwesekwa Lower ngabo kuyoba nje ngokwanele udonga noma phansi joists. Semishayweni kufanele yenabele nasezintweni ezenziwa ngaphandle 300 mm, ukuze bazivikele amanzi emvula. semishayweni Ukubeka wenza metal emakhoneni.