Okukhulu ezicimamlilo: izinhlobo, izici

Umlilo amaloli lokuqala eRussia uvele 1904. Ngaleso sikhathi kwaba ngempela indlela elula futhi enokwethenjelwa. Kwakungumsebenzi imishini elula futhi kungaba ukuthwala abantu abangu-10. Kodwa intuthuko akemi namanje. Kufakiwe Izinsiza olwesimanje, kanye inqubo ngokwalo. Sekuvele ibe banzi, esebenza kahle futhi enokwethenjelwa. Ake sibheke main ukucima umlilo izimoto, izici zabo futhi umehluko.

Olunye ulwazi jikelele

Fire lokulwa imishini - indlela ukucima ngosizo imishini ekhethekile. Umshini wokuqala walolu hlobo babe imishini elula kanye amaphampu, nezokugcina, futhi wawungekho kwamanye onobuhle. Ingcindezi amanzi kuleli cala enikeziwe nge hydrant. Nokho, kwakungelula ngaso sonke isikhathi atholakalayo, okuyinto wawudala izinkinga ezinkulu. Okwamanje, i-main ezicimamlilo ifakwe imishini eyinkimbinkimbi evumela ukulawula umfutho amanzi futhi ekhethekile wokukucima ejenti, zokuvikela kanye nokunye okuningi.

Ngizothanda futhi ukuthi wazi ukuthi kukhona izinjini jikelele umlilo futhi injongo ekhethekile. Eyokuqala isetshenziswa ukuletha izisebenzi endaweni yesehlakalo, umlilo zokucisha indlela yokuthutha bese usinika ukuba umthombo umlilo. Lawa izimoto sivame ukuhlangana emigwaqweni. Special kuvamile ingasaphathwa, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana siyowuqonda kungani.

umbala imoto

Sonke sake eside abasijwayele yokuthi amaloli umlilo zipendwe ebomvu imishwe emhlophe. Lokhu kungenxa kwengozi ubuciko, kokuba sebuningini ngokuhambisa izakhi okungaba yingozi empilweni yomuntu. Futhi izivakashi, kukhona nje Iphalethi ezinjalo, njengoba Ubamba iso ekude. Chassis imoto ngokuvamile uphendulela abamnyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izidingo ezikhethekile, okuvimbela ukubekwa phezu ezihlukahlukene umzimba amalebula nezibonakaliso, ngaphandle uma ngumkhiqizi.

chassis Base wakhonza njengephayona zikagesi zasekhaya esindayo, ezifana Ural, KamAZ, Zil futhi KrAZ. Lesi sinqumo buyafaneleka ngoba throughput kanye chassis okunokwethenjelwa kulokhu kubaluleke ngaphezu kwenduduzo. Futhi manje ake qhubeka babheke kabanzi lezo zinhlobo izimoto:

• trailer (AC);
• ukudonsa-emikhonweni (PDA);
• Usizo lokuqala (PPA);
• futha umfutho ophakeme (AED).

Fire emathangini avuzayo

Fire emathangini avuzayo yonke indawo kakhulu. Basuke hhayi kuphela esetshenziselwa ukulethwa izindlela umlilo-zokucisha eya endaweni, kodwa futhi ukuthutha nabasebenza. Wokukucima Kwenziwa ngamanzi noma Foam. Ngakho, ngo-mBhalo, kukhona imishini efana ejenti yesivini. Futhi khona umlilo amaphampu, okuyinto ukulungiswa kungaba ezahlukene futhi imigqa, lapho amanzi noma Foam.

Emathangini avuzayo - umlilo amaloli ezinkulu kwesicelo jikelele, okuyinto cishe njalo imishini efanayo, kodwa izici imishini kungahluka ezibonakalayo. Ngokwesibonelo, umkhumbi kungenzeka imnene, ngokulinganisela noma okunzima kuncike tonnage ethangini. Ngakho, okukhiphayo futha kuyahlukahluka ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kusebenza futhi neminye imishini. Tank kokuthutha ejenti zokucisha bavame ephezulu carbon steel noma fiberglass, ukuthi akukho umonakalo mechanical oluphakeme eside.

iloli umlilo Pump-hose

Umehluko esiyinhloko kulokho uhlobo lobuchwephese ku trailer wukuthi akukho tank amanzi. Lolu hlobo imishini yakhelwe ukuthuthwa izisebenzi kanye ukulwa nezisebenzi. amaloli ezinjalo zivame esetshenziswa ukuthutha umlilo imishini yokulwa.

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi uhlobo futha-isikhwama ubuchwepheshe unikeza izisebenzi kanye ezicimamlilo esizeni ngomlilo, indlela yokubhekana ngokuphumelela nge enye inkinga. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kudingeka ukuze ucime isitoreji isikhala esikhulu, futhi iseduze ichibi, sleeves ezifakiwe nalokho, futhi usebenzisa futha amanzi ngomfutho ophakeme akhishwa kuleli ngamaloli noma eza ngqo esizeni umlilo. Uzotshala umshini hose-umlilo inama engu- okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ezingase yimuphi umthombo wamanzi ingasetshenziswa ukuze ucime umlilo, noma ususiwe. Ngokuvamile, kuba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu imoto umlilo elwa, okungase zima kanzima ukuze afinyelele izindawo lapho uthola evamile imishini ukucima umlilo.

Fire Engine Rapid Response

Car usizo lokuqala, uyashesha ukuphendula, ivelele phakathi nezinye izinto zokusebenza ukucima umlilo. Lokhu kungenxa ukuhamba okusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nosayizi esincane. Le nqubo sibi kakhulu ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni amakhulu, lapho okwazi amagalani sezimoto ikhilomitha sezimoto emigwaqweni.

Eyisisekelo lokulwa izimoto umlilo ekhethekile Rapid Response chassis ifakwe ukukhanya ukukhanya emsebenzini. Ngakho, akuyona njalo izibalo okunjalo ukwazi ukubhekana umlilo omkhulu. Kodwa ngokuvamile lokhu kungadingeki, njengoba inkinga main yaleli su siqukethe ekunikeleni usizo lokuqala kanye umlilo wokukucima ngaphambi kokufika ukusekelwa ngesimo amasu usinde ngempumelelo. Qedela isethi, ngokuya ngendawo okuyiwa kuyo, ukuba ezahlukene ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, lokhu kusebenza futhi evulekile elingaphakathi ukuze kuhlaliswe ukulwa nezisebenzi. I ethile eyinhloko yaleli su iyona permeability elinganiselwe. Yingakho-ke uphelele nemizi emikhulu nemihle okungenani ngempumelelo ezindaweni sezintaba noma ezimazombezombe.

Kusukela futha ephezulu ingcindezi

Uma sicabangela main umlilo futhi eziphuthumayo wokutakula izimoto, akunakwenzeka ingasaphathwa inqubo esetshenziswa wokukucima imililo eliphezulu liphumele izakhiwo. Iloli umlilo, okuyinto ifakwe futha umfutho ophakeme (AED) uyakwazi esidlangalaleni imililo, wasebenzisa indlela yamaRoma yokubusa esemgwaqweni endaweni ephakeme.

Le nqubo unamahlangothi umxhwele futhi amagumbi ambalwa. Omunye wabo - ithangi nge ejenti umlilo zokucisha, elinye - indawo lokulwa izisebenzi kanye impahla eyengeziwe. High-ingcindezi woketshezi enikeziwe on imigwaqo, ngokushesha ukufinyelela umthombo umlilo. I ethile eyinhloko lobu buchwepheshe itholakala Ubukhulu bayo, okuyinto nzima kakhulu emnyango endaweni komlilo.

ukusetshenziswa Major ezicimamlilo okuhloswe

ukukhomba isicelo nemishini ucime imililo ezimweni ezinzima, isibonelo, ezintweni ezifana:

• zezindiza;
• isakhiwo isiko;
• izitshalo;
• izindawo ingqalasizinda ehlukahlukene.

Manje ukwaba 7 imikhakha ukusetshenziswa imishini okuhloswe: airfield, zokucisha powder, igwebu nomlilo kuhlangene, uzotshala esiteshini, igesi imoto negesi-wokukucima. Ake sibheke uhlobo amasu kabanzi ngasinye, ngoba cishe bonke of them zihlukile komunye nomunye futhi asetshenziswa kuye ngokuthi isimo.

On the izimoto airfield

Endabeni ka umlilo phezu izimoto flying ezifana enophephela emhlane, kanti izindiza, ucingo ifika umlilo iloli, okuyinto luvamise ngasesikhumulweni sezindiza. Baningi imishini eyenza leli su kuhle laba nzima, kodwa functional kakhulu. imoto Aerodrome mkhulu kuhlengwe kokwehla izindiza ngosizo nokunciphisa ungqimba amagwebu, nokunye. N.

Izingxenye ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ezihluthulelwe for kokuvula izindiza uma kunesidingo, igwebu ithangi, egunjini futha ethangini lamanzi. Kwezinye izimo, le airfield ifakwe imishini ezengeziwe umlilo wokukucima ejenti. Ngokuvamile, eziningana zalokhu izimoto kuyinto esikhumulweni sezindiza. Kufanele abe permeability kakhulu ukwenza ngaphesheya Aerodrome e unqamule izwe.

Fire ngamaloli umkhakha Petrochemical

Machines amagwebu, uhlobo igesi impushana kabanzi zokunqanda umlilo, kuba kobukhulu obuhlukahlukene embonini Petrochemical. Ngo namahlathi, ezakhiweni embonini gas kuvame kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe umlilo elihlangene.

Le nqubo ibizwa ifakwe ezitsheni ukuthi ukugcina indlela ekucimeni transducers, kanye umlilo nabaqaphi. Izisebenzi of indawo gumbi imoto. Zonke-add-on efakwe base, othathwe ogandaganda abakhulu.

Ukuze ulwe emikhulu ignitions usebenzise i-otho-ukudonsa esiteshini. sici yabo esiyinhloko siwukuthi ukusebenza futha wumnikezeli amapayipi amanzi umshini umlilo. Permeability imishini ngenhla, futhi ngokwesilinganiso, amandla futha - amalitha angaphezu kuka-100 ngomzuzwana. Le nqubo ibizwa ifakwe izinjini ezimbili. A chassis, okwesikhathi ukusebenza kwe-futha yesibili.

Kufinyeta

Lapha thina sikanye nawe, ngabheka ezinye izimoto main-injini. Le nqubo kufanele njalo ibe sesimweni esihle. Lokhu kusebenza technical okuyingxenye, ukusetshenziswa ngemfanelo emikhulu, amaphampu kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza. Izinhlobo imishini umlilo impela eningi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umshini zeselula engasindi akakwazi ukubhekana umlilo omkhulu, kanye ntathu kanzima ukuba bakwazi ukudlula ngokushesha leli dolobha ngokuya isiminyaminya.

Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi Ukwahlukaniswa kwamadamu izimoto main-injini enjalo olunzulu. Uma kuziwa ukusha kwamahlathi, lapho phansi asiwona ephumelela kakhulu, usebenzisa izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ekhethekile, ezithinta ku amathangi ibhodi okuyiwa zokucisha. Ukuze ulawule isimo usebenzisa wendiza encane ukuba iqaphe endaweni futhi ukudlulisa idatha. Kodwa ngisho nobuchwepheshe besimanje akuyona njalo esheshayo ukuze ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo imililo emikhulu, ikakhulukazi emahlathini lapho sibonwa khona emahoreni ambalwa wonke ezishile amahektha.