Isiqhumane somculo - siyini lesi sigaba? Kuyini?

Emculweni wekhulu lama-20, lesi sici somsindo, njenge-timbre, saqala ukudlala indima ebalulekile emcimbini wezindlela zomculo ezintsha kanye nokwakheka kwamasu amasha omculo. Iyini i-timbre futhi yiziphi izinhlobo zayo?

Isiqhumane somculo - siyini lesi sigaba?

"Isiqu" sihunyushwa kusuka eFrance. Njengoba "uphawu oluhlukile". I-timbre yomculo ingumbala othize womsindo. Uma uthatha inothi elifanayo lokuphakama okufanayo noma ivolumu kumadivayisi ahlukene, namanje umsindo uzohluka kakhulu ngenxa yezici ze-timbre zensimbi. Izingxenye ezifanayo zomculo, ezenziwa ngabadlali ababili abahlukene, zingabonakala kalula ngokuzwa ngenxa yembala ekhethekile ye-timbre yezwi.

Igama elithi "timbre" lomsindo akuyona yedwa, kodwa zonke ziphelela ekubanjeni ukuthi isibalo siyisici esifanayo somsindo njengoba, isibonelo, ivolumu, ukuphakama noma ubude. Izichasiselo ezihlukahlukene zisetshenziselwa ukuchaza isiteji: esincane, esinyene, ejulile, esithambile, ekhanyayo, enamathele, enobuningi, njll.

Izinhlobo ze-timbres ngu-A.N. I-Sochor

I-timbre yomculo yisenzakalo esiyizinkampani eziningi. I-musicologist edumile A.N. I-Sohor inikeza izinhlobo ezine ze-timbre:

• I-Instrumental - ixhomeke eziciweni zesakhiwo sensimbi kanye nemvelo yesakhiwo somsindo;
• I-Harmonic - incike esimweni sokuhlanganiswa kwemisindo;
• Bhalisa - kuxhomeke ngqo kwizwi lemvelo le-tessitura noma irejistri;
• Umbhalo wombhalo - kuxhomeke ezingeni lobukhulu kanye "ne-viscosity" yomsindo, ama-acoustics, njll.

Amazwi Ezwi

Isiqhumane somculo yisici esibalulekile sezwi lokucula. Ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokuncintisana ezihlukahlukene, kubalulekile ukuthi umculi wezinsimbi unamathebula angalibaleki.

I-timbre yezwi lomuntu ixhomeke ngokuyinhloko ekwakheni amadivaysi ezwi. Izici ze-timbre nazo zithonywe ngokwanele ngezinga lokuthuthukiswa kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwamadivaysi ezwi. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokufunda okuqhubekayo, abashayeli bamazwi bayashintsha i- timbre yezwi kuya ephakeme, futhi emva kwezifo ezidlulisiwe zezinsimbi zamagama, lesi sifo siba sincane.

Ngandlela-thile, phakathi kwamagama wesilisa kunamathebhu amathathu amathathu - ama-bass, i-baritone ne-tenor. Phakathi kwabesifazane - i-contralto, i-mezzo-soprano ne-soprano.

Yiziphi izici ezibalulekile ze-timbre

Isidingo sokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezici zomsindo esinye isigaba - isiteji - sichazwa ngezizathu eziningana. Okubaluleke kunazo zonke ukuthi i-timbre (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyingxenye noma izwi) kusiza ukunikeza umsebenzi womculo isimo sengqondo esifanele, ukubeka izimpawu ezibalulekile.

Uma kwenziwa ilungiselelo lomculo (ikakhulukazi uma liwu-orchestration), akunakwenzeka ukuba ungacabangi umsebenzi wokudala kanye nezici ze-timbre zezinsimbi. Isibonelo, ngeke kwenzeke ukunikeza ukukhanya nokuvunguza umsindo, uma unikeza ukukhishwa kwengoma yomculo kumabhasi amabili noma i-trombone, lapho umsindo wesandi uhluka khona nenani elikhulu lama-overtones aphansi; Akunakwenzeka ukufeza umphumela wokuphoqelela umkhathi, usebenzisa i-replay elula yehabhu.

Okufanayo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhethwa kwe-repertoire yomculi wezwi. Njengomthetho, amaqembu e-blues nama-jazz enza kabi kuma-soprano abadlali noma abaqashi, ngoba lokhu kudinga umsindo okhulu, ovuthiwe, owomile, ophansi, mhlawumbe ngisho "nokugqwala" - lokhu kuyadingeka uhlobo oluthile lwesimo (i-cabaret, i-café, ne-café Njll.). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abenzi abanezwi eliphansi abazuzisi kwezinye izinhlobo zomculo eziningi kanye namasu okwenza (isibonelo, "ukumemeza", oklanyelwe kuphela ngamazwi aphakanyisiwe).

Ngakho-ke, lesi sici siyisici esithinta kakhulu umkhathi womculo ozwakalayo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kubangela umuntu ukuba abe nemizwa ethile ngalokho akuzwayo.