Isimo sezulu nesimo sezulu se-Irkutsk

Isimo sezulu sase-Irkutsk sinezwekazi elibukhali, futhi ithonya lalo lithonywe yizinto eziningana: indawo, ukukhululeka, ukusabalalisa kwamandla emoyeni, okwakhiwa isiteshi samandla kagesi e-hydroelectric.

Imiqondo nezincazelo

Isimo sezulu yisikhathi eside sesikhathi sezulu sendawo ethile, kuhlale njalo. Umqondo we "simo sezulu" ususelwe egameni lesiGreki elithi klima, okusho ukuthi "umthambeka," okungukuthi, ukuthambekela komhlaba komhlaba emisebeni yelanga. Izimo zesimo sezulu zendawo zihlobene eduze nezimo zomzimba nezendawo (izigodi zomfula, izintaba, ukudela kolwandle) nokujikelezwa komkhathi (ama-anticyclones, ama-cyclone, ukunyakaza kwe-air mass).

Isimo sezulu sichazwa ngokuthi isimo sezingxenye ezingezansi zomkhathi ngesikhathi esithile endaweni ethile, kuyahlukahluka.

Kuyini isimo sezulu e-Irkutsk? Izici zesimo sezulu somuzi

Isimo sezulu sase-Irkutsk sinezwekazi elide kakhulu (cishe izinyanga ezingu-6) ubusika obubandayo kanye nehlobo elifudumele lehlobo elimanzi. Isimo sendawo edolobheni sathinteka kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwe-Irkutsk nezinye iziteshi zamandla kagesi emfuleni i-Angara: kwaphenduka kancane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, umswakama esifundeni wanda kakhulu. Amazinga okushisa ehlobo asehlile kakhulu, kanti izinga lokushisa kwebusika liye landa kancane uma liqhathaniswa nesikhathi ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwe-HPP.

Ebusika, i-anticyclone ikhona phezu kwedolobha, isimo sezulu esivele sithele kakhulu, imimoya ebuthakathaka (engekho ngaphezu kwe-1 m / s), futhi inqubo yokupholisa indawo yomhlaba iyaqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo.

Esikhathini esifudumele se-anticyclones sonyaka sithatha indawo yomshoshaphansi (umfutho wezinga elincane), elibhekwa ngamafu aphezulu kanye nokusalela okukhulu. Ehlobo, cishe amaphesenti angaba ngu-85% emvula yamanzi awela.

Izinkomba ezinkulu zezulu zedolobha lase-Irkutsk nezindawo zalo

Ukuyingqayizivele kwezindinganiso zemvelo kuvela indawo yomuzi wase-Irkutsk. Itholakala esigodini soMfula i-Angara, kude nogu lolwandle. Isici esithile sesimo sezulu somuzi siwusika obusika obunzima futhi ihlobo elilomvula elihlobo.

Izakhamuzi zibiza idolobha lazo kuphela "idolobha lase-permafrost" - ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi kweqhwa nemimoya evame kakhulu, umhlaba wonke awufihliwe isembozo seqhwa futhi ukhululekile. Inyanga ebanda kunazo zonke e-Irkutsk ngoJanuwari (-15-33 ° C), kanti inyanga efudumele kakhulu ngoJulayi (+ 18 + 20 ° C). Embusweni wokushisa, izinga lokushisa lomoya elingu-50 ° C, izinga lokushisa elingu-36 ° C. Ukushisa okujwayelekile e-Irkutsk ngoJanuwari ngu-18 ° C (ubusuku), -15 ° C (usuku), ngoJulayi + 20 ° C (ubusuku) no-23 ° C (usuku). I-amplitudes yansuku zonke ifika ku-20 ° C, i-amplitudes yonyaka kuze kube ngu-50 ° C. Umbuso wokushisa obunzima ezimweni zanamuhla ungadluliswa ngosizo lwezinto zokuphuza umoya kanye nezinhlelo zomoya. Ukufakwa nokuthengiswa kwemishini enjalo kwenziwa yi-LLC "Isimo sezulu" (i-Irkutsk).

Emoyeni yokudonsa, ukuphakama kujwayelekile ngoJulayi, nge-drop mminyaka yonke ye-500 mm. Umswakama womoya wendawo cishe u-70%, umswakama uvuka ehlobo.

Izikhombisi-ndlela eziyinhloko zemimoya ekhona e-Irkutsk

Ebusika, imimoya yemimoya yasentshonalanga ilawula i-Irkutsk nezindawo ezizungezile, futhi ehlobo - isiqondiso esenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Isigodi soMfula i-Angara edolobheni sibheke ukusuka enyakatho-ntshonalanga kuya eningizimu-ntshonalanga, imvamisa yalezi zikhombisi-moya zedolobha zikhulu kakhulu.

Ithebula lokuqondisa umoya e-Irkutsk

Esikhathini esibandayo sonyaka, ngenxa yethonya le-anticyclone, ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindiweyo kokuzola kuyabonakala, isabelo saso silinganiselwa ku-40%. Ezikhathini zentwasahlobo nasekwindla, isivinini somoya sifinyelela cishe ngo-3 m / s.

Izimo zezulu ezingathandeki ezivela edolobheni lase-Irkutsk

Izenzakalo zezulu ezingathandeki ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo zibeka ingozi enkulu empilweni nasekuphileni kwabantu, okwenza kube nomonakalo omkhulu kumpahla. Ngokwezibalo zososayensi bezemvelo, esikhathini esizayo esiseduzane edolobheni nasemaphandleni ayo kulindeleke ukwandisa imvamisa yezikhukhula, izifufula, iziphepho zeqhwa, izikhukhula ezinamandla, izikhukhula, iziphepho zomoya, ukushisa okungavamile kokushisa, ukomela nemililo.

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokukhula kwezimo ezinjalo ukukhula kwezinga lokushisa lomoya kanye nesimo esingaphansi komhlaba, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kokukhuphuka emhlabathini (ngokukhuphuka ngo-1 ° C, ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kukhula cishe ngo-7%) futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwanda kwesikhukhula sezulu. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni embalwa edlule kusukela kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba kunyuke kwenyanga ejwayelekile t ° C uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sika 1963-2009. Cishe ngo-2.6 ° C.

Phakathi kwezimo zezulu ezibi zonyaka ezenzekayo e-Irkutsk ezithinta inhlalakahle yabakhileyo kanye nokuphila kwabo yizinga eliphezulu lokushisa okuphezulu (umoya ophezulu we-t ° C + 35 ° C izinsuku ezingu-5) namazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu (ubuncane t ° C ngezansi -40 ° C C izinsuku ezingu-5).

Izimbangela zokubonakaliswa okushisa kakhulu yizwekazi lase-Irkutsk kanye nezinqubo zokujikeleza ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zomkhathi (ukuhlasela komoya obandayo ovela ezindaweni ze-Arctic esikhathini esibandayo sonyaka kanye nokuhamba kwesikhathi eside kwe-anticyclones ehlobo sasehlobo).

Emzini, esinye sezulu esingahle sithandwa kakhulu sezulu yisimo esinamandla. I-Meteorologists inikezela izinhlangothi ezimbili zaminyaka yonke ezinamandla nezinamandla kakhulu - ngoMeyi noNovemba. Phakathi nobusika nehlobo kukhona ukuphindaphinda okuncane kakhulu kwamacala enomoya oqinile.

Ebusika, imimoya enamandla ihlotshaniswa neziphepho zeqhwa, ingxenye ebalulekile yazo ibonakala phakathi nenkathi kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuMashi.

Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, ngomoya onamandla, izivunguvungu nezidumbu zenzeka, ngokuvamile ngoMeyi-June.

Phakathi nehlobo, ukuphakama kwezimo ezinjengemvula ende (emahoreni angu-12 ngaphezu kwama-100 mm noma 120 mm ngosuku uwa), imvula enzima kakhulu (emahoreni angu-12 50 mm iphuma) nesichotho esikhulu (isichotho esingama-20 mm ububanzi).

Ama-cyclone evela eningizimu akhulisa imvamisa yamanzi amaningi (inani lokushisa kwamanzi lingaphezu kuka-30 mm esikhathini esingaphansi kwehora elilodwa), izintaba ziwela engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo (ukuphakama kwehla ku-Agasti).

Inkungu eqinile (ukubonakala ingaphansi kwamamitha angu-50) ibhekwa izikhathi ezingu-5 ngokuphindaphindiwe ngenkathi efudumele kunenkathi ebandayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lezinsuku ngonyaka ngenkungu liye landa eminyakeni yamuva. Ukwakhiwa kwamagagasi namafu aphakeme ehlobo, iqhwa nokubonakala okuphansi entwasahlobo nasekwindla kuthinteka yi-hydropower plant.

Inkungu eqinile (ukubonakala ingaphansi kwamamitha angu-50) ibonakala ngenkathi efudumele kaningi izikhathi ezinhlanu kaningi kunomkhuhlane, ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni yamuva nje, inani lezinsuku ngonyaka elinomkhuhlane oqinile.

Ithonya lama-cyclone nama-anticyclones esimweni sendawo yedolobha

Izinkathi ezibandayo zesikhathi eside zihambisana nokuhlasela kwendawo yamagibolondo e-polar, futhi izikhathi ezifudumele zithinta ukuhamba kwemimoya yomoya yaseningizimu kusukela ekugcineni kwamanzi. Eminyakeni yamuva, iphethini elilandelayo lihlelwe: endaweni yesifunda sase-Irkutsk, izinkathi ezineqhwa eliphezulu kakhulu zibhekwa kaningi kunokuba zishise kakhulu.

Ekubunjweni kweHanga kanye nenkungu e-Irkutsk, umnikelo obalulekile wenziwa ama-anticyclones, futhi ukwakheka kwamanzi, umoya oqinile we-squall uthintwa yizikhukhula.

Isimo sezulu sase-Irkutsk nesimo saseSiberia

Abantu bathi: isimo sezulu senza uhlamvu lwabantu. Le nkulumo ihambelana ngokuphelele neqiniso maqondana nabakhileyo base-Irkutsk. Isimo sezulu esibucayi saseSiberia sathukuthela futhi sakha isici esifanayo. "Into ebaluleke kakhulu yisimo sezulu endlini ...", ikakhulukazi isimo sezulu. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, kuthuthukiswe inqwaba yemishini evumela ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu ezindlini zomuzi wase-Irkutsk. Imishini yokuphumula umoya, isimo se-air conditioning, izinhlelo zokupholisa ezakhiweni kanye nokunye okuningi okuvumela ukuba udlulisele zonke izinkinga zesimo sezulu esinzima saseSiberia ngosizo lokulawulwa kwezulu e-Irkutsk.