Isici esibalulekile lapho uthenga imoto - injini umthamo

Minyaka yonke isibalo izimoto emigwaqeni yethu ukhula-sisondela ngokungenakuvinjelwa. Futhi lokhu akumangalisi. Road yezokuthutha - esiwusizo kakhulu futhi ukhululekile, uma acabangele isiminyaminya. Othile eshintsha imoto like a igilavu. Kubantu abanjalo akanandaba ukusebenza. Banike udumo ubukhazikhazi. Futhi kukhona evamile sabasebenza kanzima ngubani ugcine up for imoto eminyakeni embalwa. Laba bantu bamane babe ukuqonda "ukugxusha" imoto.

Kuyini imoto ngaphandle "injini"? Lokho injini nhliziyo imoto ezine-ezinamasondo. Iyunithi libhekene umthamo wayo. Ngakho, ivolumu yenjini - iqoqo imiqulu wonke amasilinda. Ngaphambi kokuthenga imoto udinga akuqonde ngokucacile lokho injini ngaphansi hood. Kuye fuel esetshenziswa, izinjini zihlukaniswe uphethiloli, udizili kanye hybrid.

Ezweni lethu, abashayeli uthanda uhlobo lokuqala. Manje u-petrol izinjini eziza injector futhi uhlelo fuel injection yokusabalalisa. Otto amakhophi eshabalalayo. abathandi Suv uncamela udizili "izinjini". Lezi imishini ukunikeza torque engu ephakeme, okuholela amandla kakhulu ikhula. Passenger nezimoto udizili "izinjini" ezweni lethu engathandwa. Kunesizathu ukuthatha "injini" Local uma unqobe lo 50, nezinkulungwane nakakhulu amakhilomitha.

Ukuze izinhlelo hybrid, izindlela kwamandla zihlukile. Ngokuyinhloko lokhu injini lusekelwa ngamandla amandla elanga, ugesi, ne-hydrogen. Yiqiniso, ubukhulu injini yemoto kancane. Nokho, izindleko fuel ngeke. Enginakho ukukhwehlela ukufakwa, okuzokwenza ukucubungula amandla. Ngeshwa, asivamile ukubonwa emigwaqweni izimoto eRussia. Lonke Iphuzu liwukuthi izindleko nezinkinga ezivela ukulungiswa okusezingeni eliphezulu. Akhethekile amagalaji ezweni kanti akunjalo.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ivolumu yenjini, kubalulekile ukuchaza ngamazwi alula isimiso wokusebenza. Kube combustor. Kulesi isikhala, ibekwe futhi ingxube emoyeni nophethiloli. Omunye izindonga ekamelweni kuyinto piston. Uthi ezihambayo. Nge inhlansi ukuthungela uphethiloli ephakamayo. Amandla ukuthi kwamiswa ngenxa yokuqhuma kwebhomu ushayela piston. amabutho Kugcine ukuhambisa uhlelo crankshaft. Ngenxa yalokho, imoto ucosha isivinini. Yiqiniso, le ncazelo, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, "phezu iminwe". Kodwa lokhu ngokwanele ukuthi bangaqonda ukuthi ivolumu yenjini, eqinisweni, yilokho ivolumu egumbini amandla omlilo.

Lokho bonke. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi le umthamo injini. Lena isamba ivolumu ukusebenza uMbhalo piston omlilo yangaphakathi injini. Inombolo cubic amasentimitha inquma umthamo unit. Yiqiniso, injini ukufuduka - i umbandela ezibalulekile ichaza izici amandla. Kule izimoto zihlukaniswe mikrolitrajnyiy (1.1 amalitha), midget (1.3-1.7) srednelitrazhnye (1,8-3,5) kanye krupnolitrazhnye (phezu 3.5 amalitha). Lokhu ukusatshalaliswa - ikhodi, usebenza uphethiloli "izinjini". Nge-diesel, isithombe ukuhluka kancane.

Okwamanje, ukucabanga ukuthuthela ngokushesha, okuyinto isuselwa kumazinga injini ukufuduka ngu yokuthenga izinhlabamkhosi zikagesi okuyinto ungasusa ukuxhuma yebhangqa amasilinda ngaphansi ukukhanya imithwalo ukulondoloza nophethiloli. Incenye lencane yaloku American Suv ifakwe mishini. Kungenzeka ukuba ugcine-20% fuel. Kunetintfutfuko ukushintsha unhlangothi we piston esebenzisa lokukhanda. Nokho, ucwaningo olwengeziwe lokhu kwakwenqatshelwe wangafika. Kuyadingeka ukusungula yokuthi intuthuko akusho yima, maduze uyojatshuliswa ososayensi yabo ezisunguliwe ewusizo emkhakheni isiqoqi sama-softwe thina. Nokho, injini kuyoba inkomba abalulekile inani amandla nganoma isiphi komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane.