Ipheshana yesisu Human. Isakhiwo wamathumbu

wamathumbu isakhiwo ihlanganisa izingxenye mncane futhi obukhulu. umnyango Izacile emva isisu kuvela ngqo. Kubantu abadala, ubude mayelana ezinhlanu amamitha. Esimweni esejwayelekile lokhu umnyango akusho khona iyiphi nezilwanyana ezincane eziyingozi noma ezizuzisayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo eziningi ezibangela ukuphazamiseka enzyme kwenzeka ngoLwesithathu efanelekayo zokukhiqiza namagciwane ke. amagciwane Pathogenic athwale ukutheleleka, okuyinto kuhambisana ngohudo, ukuvuvukala kwentaba, ubuhlungu inkaba. amagciwane Non-pathogenic ibakhathaze nokuvuvukala esiswini.

Ithumbu elikhulu iwukuqhutshwa emathunjini amancane. Umkhawulo ukhonza njengomdala lwamafinyila damper therebetween. It kuvimbela Ukungena okuqukethwe nezilwanyana ezincane kanye nekhadi amafutha emuva esigabeni mncane. inqubo (esithasiselweni) itholakala kule ichopho.

Isakhiwo emathunjini, ngokukhethekile, ikhadi yayo aminyene, kuhlanganisa le cecum, unyuka, transverse zenyuka ikholoni futhi sigmoid, okuholela le ingemuva. Kuyinto ngokuyisisekelo ukuhluka isakhiwo ikhadi mncane. umnyango abajonqile futhi eyenza umsebenzi ohluke ngokuphelele.

microflora Jwayelekile kubhekwa ngamandla olinganiselayo, ecosystem eziyinkimbinkimbi. S isici Ukwakheka ethize, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu kwamagciwane. Laba bameleli be-eyinhloko bifidobacteria zihlanganisa anaerobic futhi lactobacilli aerobic.

microflora emathunjini wenza isiqondiso cholesterol umzimba Bile acid kuvimbela ukukhula microorganism pathogenic, ngaleyo ndlela ukuqinisekisa, ukuzinza (ikoloni ukumelana) komzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, semvelo kwangaphakathi ehilelekile izinqubo enzymatic of amaprotheni, ukugaya amafutha kanye nokwenziwa wezokudla fibre, ama-carbohydrate ephezulu ezinto acid nucleic.

microflora emathunjini kuyinto asebenzayo umhlanganyeli electrolyte umzimba, zamagama womsebenzi elwa namagciwane, amavithamini K, C, ascorbic acid. Ngakho, inani lenyuka ukumelana amathonya esibuhlungu esivela ngaphandle. microflora imisebenzi futhi zihlanganisa ngokukhishwa kobuthi egazini of substrates endogenous futhi exogenous. Nokho, ezinye amagciwane bayakwazi ukushintsha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ezinobuthi, kanje ayinangozi. ecosystem emathunjini abathintekayo kulo ukukhuthazwa motility (umsebenzi locomotor) lomzimba inqubo ukuzinza wokususa okuqukethwe ukusuka emzimbeni.

microflora Ohlala sehlukaniswe (a njalo), a izivakashi (yesikhashana) non-pathogenic (Umbuso), kunemibandela pathogenic (ewusizo eziningi ezincane futhi endaweni efanele), abangela izifo (eziyingozi okubangela ukusakazeka kwamagciwane). Ukwakheka kanye nenani ama-bacterium kushintsha njalo, kodwa isilinganiso nangohlobo kunqunywa. Ngakho, ibhalansi ashukumisayo inakekelwa. Nge ukungalingani abukhali kwenzeka dysbiosis.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, amathumbu wenze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. kwesigaba Izacile lababukene nekwetfulwa etindlela eziyisisekelo ukugaya ukudla kanye ukumuncwa kwezakhi ku-lymph kanye igazi. Kulokhu, lo motility emathunjini inikezwa yi umsebenzi ngokomzimba indandatho kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle imisipha longitudinal. Uma lokhu kwenziwe nge ibangele chyme juice ethakwa ngu kwamanyikwe futhi umzimba ngokwawo, kanye nokugqugquzela chyme. isakhiwo kwemisipha emathunjini ikuvumela ukuba wenze kwesigaba mncane izingxenye Rhythmic, okuthiwa i-pendulum, tonic Kufinyeta peristaltic.

umnyango umzimba abajonqile yenza umsebenzi kule ndawo. Kube kwenzeka ekuqongeleleni okuqukethwe nokususwa ngezikhathi ezithile kusetshenzwe umzimba ukudla. Emathunjini imisipha isakhiwo kule site ikuvumela ukuba wenze amaphampu peristaltic, okuthiwa i-pendulum, anastaltic, ngamandla ukunciphisa futhi izingxenye onesigqi.