Amathambo Coccygeal futhi sacral

A eziyinkimbinkimbi isakhiwo yomgogodla womuntu kuyadingeka ukuze balinganisele lapho ehamba nalapho amortization ukunyakaza ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, it siqukethe amathambo ngabanye movably axhumene futhi ahlukaniswe akwazi ukugcina intervertebral. Kodwa akubona bonke izingxenye yomgogodla akheke ezinjalo. amathambo Sacral abahlukene kuphela ezinganeni kanye intsha. Cishe eminyakeni engu-18 basuke tho ndawonye, ukwakha amathambo okuqinile. Ibizwa ngokuthi sacrum, futhi has a isakhiwo ekhethekile. Lo mnyango lwabelwe ehlukile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuhlangene lumbar futhi coccygeal, njengoba kwenza imisebenzi efana.

Anatomy yomgogodla

Spine Human - kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganisa amathambo ahlukene movably oxhumene nge amalunga, isakhiwo ekhethekile a sebuningini nemisipha. Ukuze akufake ukunyakaza uma uhamba phakathi amathambo ezibekwe amasondo esithambile. Zivikela lezi zinto kusukela singabhujiswa, nobuchopho kusukela concussions. Lesi sakhiwo inikeza ukuhamba komuntu, nekhono enyakazayo, swivel, sihlale silinganisela bezihambela.

Ngengozi isakhiwo elukhuni kanje efinyelela phakathi vertebra ngamunye umsele umgogodla, sebuningini imizwa nemithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina yomgogodla sikhundla lengiyo futhi awuvikele ukulimala. Ukulimala okuvame kakhulu kukhona Ukwenyela noma displacement amathambo, akwazi ukugcina herniated, ukusonteka izindwangu.

Ngo isakhiwo yomgogodla kukhona Mnyango ungeminye yeminyango emihlanu:

• intamo;
• webele;
• lumbar;
• sacral;
• coccyx.

Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuhlanganiswe ngenxa izici kwesakhiwo zezigaba aphansi. Uma bethi "amathambo nomgogodla lumbar-sacral", ngokuvamile okusenhliziyweni yakho, futhi sacrum futhi coccyx, futhi beqolo. Phela, nabo basuke kwenza imisebenzi efana, ngisho nezifo futhi ukulimala base ngokufanayo.

emgogodleni Sacral

Lena ingxenye ekhethekile yomgogodla womuntu. Lo mnyango siqukethe emihlanu amathambo. Sinenkosi isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi yenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. amathambo Sacral axhunyiwe ngu ezithathekayo kuphela kuze iminyaka 14-15. Ngemva kulonyaka, kancane kancane baqala coalesce. phansi kuqala le nqubo, at kwalapho ne coccyx. Ekugcineni, sacrum iguqulwe ibe ithambo olulodwa iminyaka engu-25. amathambo Sacral futhi coccygeal e umuntu omdala ngokuthi aboncantathu, vertex ebhekene phansi. Lokhu base yomgogodla, ukuhlinzeka uxhumano ukhalo nasemilenzeni aphansi.

Isakhiwo sacrum

Lo mnyango kuyisisekelo yomgogodla womuntu. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka amathambo sacral ukuhluka kancane kwabanye. Ziyakwazi izimbambo beya futhi tho izinqubo transverse. Engxenyeni engenhla kukhona ekhethekile ebusweni indlebe emise ukuze enkompolo oyifunayo nge ukhalo amathambo. Leli lunga libizwa emalungeni sacroiliac. Ngenxa yokuthi i-sacrum akuyona njengoba beshesha njengoba kwenza bonke abanye yomgogodla, alinaso akwazi ukugcina intervertebral. Kodwa kukhona okuningi nemisipha Friend kakhulu inikeza enamandla.

Ngo aitchbone ukwaba kulezi zingxenye:

• okhalo ingxenye ebhekene ngaphakathi;
• amaphiko noma posterior ebusweni;
• ezimbili lateral ohlangothini izabelo;
• isizinda ububanzi zibheke phezulu;
• tapered isihloko phansi.

sacral ikakhulukazi

Sacrum - kuyisisekelo yomgogodla, indawo yokuxhumana kwawo engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba. Ngenxa yaleli lungiselelo nemisebenzi kabuhlungu emgogodleni, inezici eziningana:

• ke lakhiwe ngemalunga lasihlanu amathambo tho;
• Lo mnyango enakekela zonke kobukhulu yomgogodla;
• sacrum kuyinto ithambo elilodwa esime unxantathu, ithiphu iqondiswe phansi;
• azikho akwazi ukugcina phakathi amathambo;
• sacrum wakha udonga lwangemuva ukhalo;
• it is fixed nemisipha eqinile enamathiselwe iringi okhalo;
• ayizindunduma posterior kobuso sacrum futhi has emikhulu ezinhlanu mpo, okuyinto ahlelwe eyodwa ngaphezu kwamanye uhlevane;
• lapho kuhlangene lumbar vertebra sacrum yakha ngokuhlanganyela ekhethekile, okuyinto kwelivi enkulu, iqondiswe ku ukhalo;
• 5 amathambo sacral ixhunywe umnyango coccygeal, ukwakha ngokuhlanganyela sacrococcygeal.

Yini imisebenzi eyenziwa amathambo sacral

Sacrum eqala ulithola lonke umzimba. Kuhloswe ukuba zizinze ngesikhathi ehamba umuntu kanye nokuxhumana okukhulu amathambo okhalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo ekhethekile yomgogodla sacral kuyadingeka ukuze kuvikelwe Ezansi umsele umgogodla. Ukuze isigijimi sakhe ukhalo nasemilenzeni aphansi amathambo sacral babe ukuvuleka eziningana symmetrically wahlela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imithambo yegazi kanye nezinzwa. i-canal Sacral egobhoza obuphelele wonke amathambo futhi kancane engonxantathu ngenxa isakhiwo okhethekile sacrum.

Ngakho, bonke amathambo sacral tho. Iqiniso lokuthi nabo babehlushwa ukwehlukanisa, bafana emikhulu ezinhlanu, edabula ebusweni ezingemuva sacrum. Lawa izigaxa elincane ezivela Fusion amathambo futhi spinous, izinqubo zabo transverse, kanye engenhla nengezansi articular izinqubo. Lesi sakhiwo ivikela izimpande nerve futhi imithambo yegazi.

umnyango Izici coccygeal

Ngisho ngaphezulu ezithakazelisayo nokwakheka coccyx. Siqukethe 3-5 amathambo, kodwa ezisezingeni eliphansi nokungabikho tho ndawonye ngokuphelele. Ukuma ithambo umsila ungathi Uqhwaku lwenhlanzi okuthiwa i inyoni. engavamile Its ukuthi amadoda ixhunywe ne sacrum kahle namanje. Futhi abesifazane kungenziwa baphambukile emuva ngesikhathi sokubeletha ukuqinisekisa kudlule ingane ngokusebenzisa emgudwini wokuzala. amathambo Coccygeal futhi imisebenzi ebalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona phansi yomgogodla ukusiza nokusekela tenhlangano enyakazayo, lapho uya okuningi emsipheni izimpande ezithweni kwezitho zangasese kanye emikhawulweni aphansi.

Ukulimala sacral

Naphezu amandla wethambo aitch, kanye isikhundla salo esinqunyiwe phakathi indandatho okhalo, lo mnyango futhi singangena umonakalo futhi ukulimala. amalunga omzimba ezithathekayo ahlelwe kuphela iphuzu ukuhambisana we 1st vertebra sacral ne lumbar 5th, futhi lapho esisele ohlangothini amagatsha exhunywe kwi amathambo okhalo. Kuyinto kulezi zindawo ngokuvamile zenzeka ukulimala. Esikhathini umnyango can kuphela nemivimbo ophukayo ka amathambo sacral.

Ngenxa izici isakhi sacrum akulona Ukulimala okuvame kakhulu ukuthi kwenzeke kwezinye izingxenye yomgogodla. Njengoba engekho akwazi ukugcina intervertebral, akukho izifo ezifana "hernia" noma "discogenic sciatica emgogodleni sacral." Singeke offset vertebra sacral e abadala, njengoba lezi zinto nimi tho. Kodwa ezinganeni kwenzeka kakhulu kuyaqabukela ngenxa yezikhwepha olukhethekile nemisipha futhi lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela sacrum amathambo okhalo.

Ubangela umonakalo sacrum

Kungani-ke, i-sacrum futhi singangena ukulimala? Lokhu zingachazwa ngezinqubo yezizathu eziningana:

• kwezinso azalwa naso yomgogodla isakhiwo;
• nge okwandisa okhalo semithambo kokucindezelwa kwenzeka, kokushiya umsele sacral, okuholela ukuminyana emithambo yegazi;
• ngesikhathi imithwalo phezulu sacrum egobolondweni lelunga zingandiswa ngobukhulu, ngenxa yalokho, edema, futhi yakhe izicubu uqale cindezela izimpande emsipheni.

Lezi pathologies kungaholela ukuphazamiseka ithambo izicubu namandla labo sekuvamile brittleness. Kodwa iningi waphuka sacrum zenzeka lapho zihlatshwa amabutho okusezingeni eliphezulu, ezifana emgwaqeni zomgwaqo, ukuwa uhlevane.

Izici sacrum ukulimala

Isici esiyinhloko lolu ukulimala emgogodleni wukuthi abantu ngisho ekuqa- ithambo aitch Ungahambisa. nemisipha eqinile kakhulu ukuthi ukuxhuma sacrum emathanjeni hip, ukusiza ukugcina umzimba esitebeleni. Kodwa njengoba lokhu namanje okuyingxenye yomgogodla, anda umsebenzi isisulu ngesikhathi ukuhlukumezeka kungabangela ukulimala emgogodleni, kwakheka imithambo yegazi ukudabuka noma emsipheni izimpande. Imiphumela yalokhu sengqondo kungaba ukwephulwa of ukuchama, ukuxakeka kwezitho okhalo, ukukhubazeka yezingalo nemilenze aphansi. Uma ukwa zenzeke uyintombi, akazange futhi usizo lwezempilo olutholakala ngesikhathi, esikhathini esizayo ngeke bakwazi azalele bebodwa.

Kuthiwani uma ezilimele amathambo sacral

Ngemva yikuphi ukulimala, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona izinsolo ophukayo we sacrum, kubalulekile ukuba zisebenze isikhungo sakho sezokwelapha. Ngokuzimisela usizo lochwepheshe singasebenza isayithi umonakalo abandayo, futhi sebuhlungwini obunzima ukuthatha umuthi wezinhlungu. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba nomusa isayithi ukulimala, njengoba lokhu kuzokhuphula ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kungadala ukopha kanye nezinye izinkinga. Yisisulu kungcono ukuba alale phezu flat bese uzama ukuba singanyakazi.